Richard 770 逻辑答题讨论

RichardVeritas

OG13 CR115
115. Guidebook writer: I have visited hotels throughout the country and have noticed that in those built before 1930 the quality of the original carpentry work is generally superior to that in hotels built afterward. Clearly carpenters working on hotels before 1930 typically worked with more skill, care, and effort than carpenters who have worked on hotels built subsequently.


Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the guidebook writer’s argument?
(A) The quality of original carpentry in hotels is generally far superior to the quality of original carpentry in other structures, such as houses and stores.
(B) Hotels built since 1930 can generally accommodate more guests than those built before 1930.
(C) The materials available to carpenters working before 1930 were not significantly different in quality from the materials available to carpenters working after 1930.
(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is to fall into disuse and be demolished.
(E) The average length of apprenticeship for carpenters has declined significantly since 1930.

1. 找出argument & line of argument 1930年前旅馆木工活看上去比之后的旅馆木工活更好，所以1930年前木工干的更好 2. 分析逻辑 两个逻辑事物 A 1930年前旅馆木工活看上去比之后的旅馆木工活更好 B 1930年前木工干的更好 GAP 找茬 - (有什么原因A推不到B) 看完题后一下没有想到明显的gap. 想到如果1930年前木工有什么外力帮助，（更好工具之类），但是不明显。看答案。一般不用想出gap,因为你不知道出题者从哪个角度找gap 3. 答案 D- 答案 - 看到D后发现这个Gap找的角度-1930年前质量不好的旅馆都倒了。所以1930年前旅馆木工活看上去好并没有代表性。那如果辩论较真，你也可以说1930年后质量不好的旅馆也可以倒啊。但是1930后旅馆年限我们是知道的。1930前可以是非常古老的，所以这个还是不同比。其实没必要想这么远。像其它同学说的，这个样本已经没有代表性。另外，看看其它答案，明显无削弱关系，所以选D很明显 C- 这个其实刚好和削弱有相反角度，可以说是补上了一个可能削弱的gap. 就是说1930年前木工干的更好, 并不是因为他们有更好的原材料。原材料一样 were not significantly different in quality

小仙女rachel

顶！！！看到大牛的回复了，干脆利落逻辑精简！支持！！！
没想到在CD上能遇见麻省理工大牛的回复。
最近在虐逻辑，会参照大牛的思路
再次支持！！！！

小仙女rachel

楼主我想问：做逻辑的时候虽然对阅读要求没有RC高，但有的时候看完stimulus的内容之后，还要反应一会才能弄清逻辑链，在这过程中三分半很快就过去了，速度怎么也提不上来，怎么办呢？
是继续限时做题还是不限时弄清每个选项出题的意图，或者是先限时做题然后回头做错了再看这题每个选项究竟是什么意思呢？
盼望回复！！！生活愉快~

小仙女rachel

换句话说，也就是：请问大牛，可以根据预测猜出答案的题目，还有必要分析错误选项为什么错吗

小仙女rachel

79. A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the maximum possible price for such a product. But large profits on the new product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the new product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first is a consideration raised to argue that a certain strategy is counterproductive; the second presents that strategy.
(B) The first is a consideration raised to support the strategy that the argument recommends; the second presents that strategy.
(C) The first is a consideration raised to help explain the popularity of a certain strategy; the second presents that strategy.
(D) The first is an assumption, rejected by the argument, that has been used to justify a course of action; the second presents that course of action.
(E) The first is a consideration that has been used to justify adopting a certain strategy; the second presents the intended outcome of that strategy.
以上是OG16分册的79题。
请问大牛对这种boldface题的思路是什么样子的？
现在开始看以上所有楼的分析思路！！
再次感谢！

小仙女rachel

小仙女rachel 发表于 2017-8-21 09:54
79. A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally co ...

正确答案是C，我选择了B

小仙女rachel

承蒙大牛指点，我发现自己的问题实际在于阅读理解，还是不到火候。
接下来会重点提高英文阅读能力！
感谢CD，感谢大牛！

小仙女rachel

感谢大牛！
上午听了大牛的指点回头看了一下长难句，刷了一百页单词，
下午做题做的很好了！！时间也控制在1‘40‘’左右！
很高兴遇见你！！！

RichardVeritas

"下午做题做的很好了！！时间也控制在1‘40‘’左右！"
很高兴能有所帮助，恭喜恭喜！找到感觉时，要趁热打铁，多连连，把正确逻辑思维感觉确定下来。对题目要敏感，有些题如果思路偏，做错了，也没关系。要找出错的原因，有没有代表性。没有代表性的，就当单个事件对待。注意力集中在有代表性的题型和思路上。

79. A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the maximum possible price for such a product. But large profits on the new product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the new product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first is a consideration raised to argue that a certain strategy is counterproductive; the second presents that strategy.
(B) The first is a consideration raised to support the strategy that the argument recommends; the second presents that strategy.
(C) The first is a consideration raised to help explain the popularity of a certain strategy; the second presents that strategy.
(D) The first is an assumption, rejected by the argument, that has been used to justify a course of action; the second presents that course of action.
(E) The first is a consideration that has been used to justify adopting a certain strategy; the second presents the intended outcome of that strategy.

思路：
这种题考的主要是抽象思维能力。就是答案中把题目中具体事物给抽象化（generalization, abstraction).  思路是看懂这些指代，一个萝卜一个坑代入。其实数学中很多这样代入的例子，所以不难。

以此题为例：
题目：
a. 技术牛产品可以买高价
BF1. 技术牛很快会过去
BF2. 公司把技术牛产品卖最高价
b. 但是高价高利润更吸引加快竞争（让技术牛更快过去）
c. 所以利润最大化其实应比最高价降低些

可以看出作者这么写，让读者大脑转了两转。看完后，大致感觉 BF2是因为BF1，最后作者结论c 和 BF2不一样，不是完全支持BF2的。

不过这也不算GMAT作者有意刁难，可以看出这个过程也是商业分析的实例之一。因为世界上事物都得辩证地看，像塞翁失马的故事，所以才要Critial Reasoning.  比较健康的角度看，GMAT其实除了考试考核之外，也帮助培训考生出正确思维能力，适应商学院和商务运作的分析需要。

答案
就是把BF1, BF2代入每个答案，看答案说的是不是这么回事
A BF2 is the strategy, BF1 argues against it.  错误。BF1 是支持BF2的。
B BF2是作者结论。错误。作者结论是c - 所以利润最大化其实应比最高价降低些
C 正确。BF2 popular.  BF1 is one consideration (reason) why BF2 is popular.
D BF1 is an assumption rejected by the argument.  错误。论题中没有反驳BF1-技术牛很快会过去
E BF2 是the intended outcome of that strategy。错误。Strategy 是公司把技术牛产品卖最高价,就是BF2。the intended outcome of that strategy 其实是想利润最大化。

所以这种题目并不难，就是要会abstract抽象化。可以把这类题集中在一块练习，找到感觉。
生活中也不少见把小屁事说成高大上的例子，一样的。冠冕堂皇和说人话(plain english)的对照。要会用和听懂指代。