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*携隐*小教室（以提高英语水平为最终目标！）[精华] |
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第18单元:171-180,正确率70%
The sentence calls for an adverbial clause of purpose to explain why Henry sought the annulment. D, the best choice, does this clearly and correctly. It is introduced by an appropriate conjunction, so that, and contains a logically appropriate verb form, could marry. Awkward and imprecise, A does not specify who is to marry Anne. B substitutes an illogical coordinate predicate for the needed purpose clause; because the annulment had not yet been granted. Henry could not remarry. C lacks an appropriate conjunction, and the infinitive clause to be married to ... makes this choice awkward and unidiomatic. Although E uses an appropriate conjunction, in order that, the verb form would marry is unidiomatic and illogical (might marry would be better).
Ø Not…but…结构，排除AE Ø Not…but…之间不用分号,用逗号(分号分隔两个独立的从句),排除E Ø C: but rather语意重复,选D Ø 正确答案B用了习惯用法:not x, but rather y(rather可省略,但有rather 更好,更能表示出两种不同能源类型的对比) Ø A用分号代替了连词,无法连接两个并列的部分,分号是用来分隔独立的从句的 Ø CDE的that of没有指代对象,产生逻辑和句子错误 错误点： Ø 受前面做到过的of a type题的影响,以为这里也是of a kind 考点: Ø 分号(分号分隔两个独立的从句,不能连接两个并列的部分) Ø 指代:that无指代对象 Ø 习惯用法:not x, but (rather) y |
Choice B, the best answer, follows an idiomatic form of expression for paired coordinates--not X, but rather Y;
Ø …,…and…,考平行对称.前面是动词过去式,后面也要用动词过去时,排除ACE
Ø Persuade x in doing y,选B
Ø A: she多余,且打破了平行结构
Ø Persuade in doing 不惯用,固定搭配是persuade x to (do) y
Ø CE:打破平行结构,C的被动罗嗦且awkward
错误点：
Ø 固定搭配: persuade x to (do) y,不是in doing
考点:
Ø 固定搭配: persuade x to (do) y
Ø 平行对称: …and…
In choice A, turned... and she persuaded is needlessly wordy and lacks the compact parallelism of turned... and persuaded. In choice B, persuaded.. . in claiming is unidiomatic; the form persuaded x to [do] y is required. In choices C and E, turned... and persuading that violates parallelism, and the passive construction in C is awkward and unnecessarily wordy. Parallel, idiomatic, and concise, choice D is best.
Ø 划线部分后谓语动词reveals的主语应该是letters而不是马克吐温,排除DE
Ø The same year后面的成分应该修饰year而不是一个比较,不用as,排除AB
Ø C的that指代了year,清晰地表达了原文意思,选C
Ø BE的publication罗嗦,as后面不跟名词
Ø DE的that指代后一本书,改变原文意思
Ø 本句中关系代词必须带出一个从句(The Adventures ... published)来修饰year,同时,书为主语,谓语动词应为单数,只有C满足上述条件
Ø AD用了as而不是that来引导一个从句,且A用了复数谓语动词were
Ø BE的意思confusing
Ø DE的that离指代对象letter太远,表达不精确
考点：
Ø 逻辑关系:需要一个从句来修饰主语
Ø 单复数之主谓搭配
Ø 指代:代词that离指代对象太远,指代不清
In this sentence, the relative pronoun that should introduce the clause The Adventures ... published to make a relative clause modifying year. Also, the singular title of the novel demands a singular verb: for example, one would say, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is (not "are") a great book." Only C, the best choice, satisfies both requirements. Choices A and D incorrectly substitute as for that to introduce the relative clause. Choice A also mistakes the novel title for a plural (were published). B confuses meaning (written in the same year of publication as). E creates a similar confusion of meaning, and both D and E are awkward and imprecise because that is too far away from its referent (letter) to be clear.
Ø 看到than,考比较对象对等
Ø AB than前后的成分形式不对称,排除
Ø C的that找不到指代对象,在前面也找不到对应的that
Ø E的because of sb’s doing sth罗嗦,选D
Ø 比较对象 (more x than y) 形式必须平行,正确答案使用了平行的两个because从句,且每个从句都是清晰正确的
Ø ABC没有用平行结构
Ø AB的due to错误,这里应该用because, due to是归功于的意思
Ø E的旋绕表达方式罗嗦和awkward,且E中bodies应该改为bodies’,少了一个所有格符号
考点：
Ø 比较对象平行对称
Ø 精确性:”因为”用because而不是due to;
Ø 语法错误:bodies缺少所有格符号
The members of a comparison (more X than Y) should be expressed in parallel form. D, the best choice, correctly uses parallel clauses introduced by because. The clauses themselves are clear and direct. Choice E uses parallel forms, but the convoluted structures are awkward and wordy. Furthermore, the word bodies would need an apostrophe (bodies') since it is the logical subject of the gerund burning (that is, it answers the question, "Whose burning?"). A, B, and C do not use parallel forms for the two members of the comparison. In addition, A and B use due to unidiomatically to mean because; properly used, due to is synonymous with attributable to.
Ø 划线部分后面是the cell’s,特指前面提到过的a cell,排除BCD(sells)
Ø 主语the information,谓语动词应该用单数,排除A(are),选E(is)
Ø 修饰名词用形容词,ACD的merely错
Ø ABD少了the,没有特指是从一个人类细胞里找到的基因
Ø ABC用了are做单数主语information的谓语
Ø 本题涉及两个问题:主谓一致和句子表达的精确性.
Ø ABC用了复数谓语are,跟单数主语information不一致
Ø ABD没有表达清楚50000 to 100000是一个细胞的全部还是部分基因(前面没有加the)
Ø CD用了复数cells,从而没有表达清楚这些数字的gens是来自一个cell还是一群cells
考点：
Ø 单复数:主谓搭配
Ø 逻辑关系:表达意思是否清晰精确(需不需要用the,是指群体还是个体等)
This question poses two problems: subject-verb agreement and accuracy of expression. Choice E, the best answer, states the matter clearly and grammatically. The subject, all of the information, must be taken as singular because the mass noun information is singular. Choices A, B, and C all mistake the number of the subject and incorrectly use the plural verb are contained. A, B, and D do not make it clear whether 50,000 to 100,000 represents all or a fraction of the genes in a cell. C and D, by referring to cells in the plural, do not make it clear whether the number mentioned is to be found in each individual cell or in a collection of cells.
Ø 从句意上看,未划线部分是划线部分的结果,而不是对划线部分的解释,排除DE
Ø B说executives和年轻人一样poorly educated and trained,改变了原文意思
Ø C只给出了一个名词,没有解释为什么executives会担心,选A
Ø 正确答案A用了正确的习惯用法:so x that y,来建立从句x和y之间的因果关系
Ø B中,as…as的主语应该也是主句的主语,产生逻辑错误.同时,as引导的让步状语从句后,主语应该表达相反的意思,如: "As ill-prepared as they are, they nevertheless find good jobs."
Ø C用了一个罗嗦的绕来绕去的because从句
Ø D的结构”x is why”是不惯用的,习惯用法是x is the reason why…,但这种用法罗嗦和awkward
Ø E的主谓单复数不符: young recruits ... explains why.
考点：
Ø 习惯用法:so x that y; x is the reason why…(但是这个表达方式罗嗦)
Ø 逻辑关系:从句的主语和主句的逻辑主语不一致
Ø 单复数:主谓搭配
Ø 简洁:C用了一个罗嗦的绕来绕去的because从句
A, the best choice, uses the idiomatic form So X that Y to establish a cause/effect relationship between clauses X and Y. In B, the subject of the as ... as clause (young recruits) should be the subject of the main clause as well (e.g., they). Furthermore, main clauses following concessive clauses must express a contrasting notion: for example, "As ill-prepared as they are, they nevertheless find good jobs." C offers a wordy, convoluted because clause. In D, the sentence form X is why is unidiomatic (X is the reason why would be idiomatic but needlessly wordy and awkward). E exhibits subject-verb disagreement: young recruits ... explains why.
Ø 主语是the number,谓语动词要用单数,排除ABC(have)
Ø D的in the performing of表达不清晰,benificial不如动词benefit,选E
Ø 本题核心是主谓单复数一致:the number…has risen
Ø ABC错将criminals作为句子的主语因而不正确的使用了复数谓语have
Ø BC的performing不能清楚的修饰criminals,因为其中加入了一个名词sentences.同时,BC也不能表达两者之间的关系
Ø D罗嗦且不精确(in their performing of specific jobs).
考点：
Ø 单复数:主谓搭配
Ø 逻辑关系:两件事之间的关系是否被清楚的表达,某件事的表达方式是否精确
At issue in this question is subject-verb agreement; the number ... has risen must be the kernel of the main clause. Choice E, the best answer, uses a singular verb form, has, to agree with the singular subject, the number. Choices A, B, and C mistake criminals for the sentence subject and so incorrectly use the plural verb form have. In B and C the verb phrases (performing .. . ) do not clearly modify criminals, because another noun (sentences) intrudes, nor do the verb phrases clearly establish temporal relationships among events. D is wordy and imprecise (in their performing of specific jobs).
Ø 前面是during…状语从句,后面应该出现主语,而不是再出现一个状语从句,排除DE
Ø A的a help in the rescuing罗嗦
Ø B的结构表达了这样一种意思:在那段时间内美国人才知道.同时help in the rescue不惯用
Ø C清晰的用with短语修饰了美国人,并用了help to do的简洁和习惯用法,选C
Ø A的were a help in the rescuing of罗嗦迂回
Ø B用了一个awkward的,重复的和双重表达的句子结构,其中,第一个从句必须用一个模糊的词this来重复以带出第二个从句,同时,如果句子很长,内容很多,在and前应加逗号
Ø DE的having and knowing看来像在修饰前面出现过的名词newcomers而不是Americans
Ø D的helped the rescue of 不惯用
考点：
Ø
Choice A suffers from the wordy and indirect expression were a help in the rescuing of. B creates an awkward, redundant, fused sentence in which the first clause has to be repeated in the vague this of the second clause; furthermore, the comma required before and in larger compound sentences is omitted. D and E are confusingly worded because they begin with present participles (having and knowing) that appear at first to refer to the immediately preceding noun, newcomers, rather than to Native Americans. D also has the wordy and unidiomatic helped the rescue of. Clear, direct, and economical, choice C is best.
Ø 从逻辑关系看,这里应该是”我们看见”而不是they appear to,因为这里讨论的是我们什么时候能看见的问题,而不是它们什么时候appear的问题(它们一直appear只是我们看不见),排除DE
Ø B错,这里没有过去的过去的意思
Ø C的as if改变了原文意思,选A
Ø A正确的使用了过去时来形容过去的状态
Ø B的过去完成时错误
Ø C用了一个摇摆的修饰成分as if during…来修饰we see,产生逻辑错误
Ø D歧义:我们能看到星星就像我们在宇宙中能看到一样
Ø E的as though in表示我们看到星星是一种假想的情况(好像它们在宇宙中,而不是真的在),改变了原文意思
考点：
Ø 逻辑关系:时态,正确的表达方式
A, the best choice, correctly employs the simple past verb tense to describe a past condition. Choice B inappropriately switches to the past perfect (had been); the past perfect properly describes action that is completed prior to some other event described with the simple past tense. Choice C presents a dangling adverbial modifier, as if during ..., that illogically modifies we see. D ambiguously suggests that the quasars appeared to us in the formation of the universe_ that is, as though we were present to view them then. In E, as though in distorts the meaning to suggest that we see the quasars in a hypothetical situation_ that is, that they may not have been involved in the formation of the universe.
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发表于 2004-6-17 10:36:00
楼主
。这一两天就补上。
