1. when advertising effective or not?
(1) 1 view: only if it sells: accessed by advertising expenditures and sales
(2) other view: only by hierarchy of intermediate effect in audience: evaluated against: objective of establishing hierarchy of effects any stage
(3) compromise: entire hierarchy of effects, including sales
2. hierarchy-of-effect models advanced for advertising effectiveness
-assume a sequence of stages until demand is affected: examples(1961)DAGMAR;(1978)IPM
-criticism raised: targeted consumers+marketing situation
-(1974)ATR:traditional: a sequence of responses at a hierarchy stage
-a response at a hierarchy stage; depending on the history of consumer behaviors
31. 广告的有效性
Ultimate最终的 objective客观的 hierarchy 等级制度compromise 妥协paradigm 范例
sequence 顺序presentation推介会
- Question: when adverting effective?
- Often debate: market & adverting
Sells & effective
Establish a hierarchy
Entire hierarchy of effects include sales
- Many hierarchy models advanced – traditional models
DAGMAR model
McG’s model
- Some criticisms:
Fail to consider transmitted
ATR model: a particular stage depending on the history of consumer behavior