【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-8】

emmasy

2.
事实：catfish swim erratically before earthquakes.
结论：some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict dangerous earthquakes.
a.support
b.irrevelant
c.irrevelant
d.irrevelant
e.weaken conclusion

3.
事实：A city plans to attract new citizens with new housing and new facilities. One component of the city's plan is to require that developers seeking permission to build this new housing provide these additional facilities at no cost to the city.
a.weaken
b.irrevelant
c.support
d.irrevelant
e.support

4.
事实: manufacurers issue coupons to attract more consumers and hope that they will become loyal to the brand.
结论：In the initail marketing of X, manufacture should issue coupons
a.support
b.weaken事实
c.irrevelant
d.irrevelant
e.irrevelant

5.
事实：in each of the past six years, our state has spent more money per mile on road improvements than any other state
结论：we have an adequate road system
a.irrevelant
b.irrevelant
c.irrevelant
d.irrevelant
e.weaken事实

bet

1.     30”
People who have specialized knowledge about a scientific or technical issue are excluded from juries for trials where the issue is relevant.
C:trial by jury is not a fair means of settling disputes involving such issues.
预测：解决纠纷不需要专业知识，有了专业知识反而不能公正地解决问题
选B 其他选项无关

2  25”
P:catfish swim erratically before earthquakes
C:some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict dangerous earthquakes.
预测：除了地震，其他原因也会造成catfish swim erratically
选E    AC加强 BD无关

3  40”
结论是什么？？没读懂
读完选项才大概明白 貌似选A

4  26”
P:Manufacturers issue cents-off coupons to get consumers to switch their brand loyalty.
C:Hartman Industries should issue cents-off coupons to attract a large segment of potential consumers as loyal customers.
预测：很多其他因素会影响到brand loyalty
选B 直接否定结论

5  23”
P:in each of the past six years, our state has spent more money per mile on road improvements than any other state.
C:the road system of our state is adequate.
预测：之前路况太差，用钱多不意味着能真正提高路况
选E直接否定结论

LuckyYolandaLi

1．
1）计时：71s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: People who have specialized knowledge about a scientific or technical issue are systematically excluded from juries for trials where the issue is relevant.
Conclusion: Trial by jury is not a fair means of settling disputes involving such issues.
3）推测：The exclusion from juries from trials is not because of unfairness.
4）选项分析：选C（正确答案B）
B: Strengthen.（情何以堪，这是我第一个排除的答案，结果却是正确答案。。。）

（这题没太懂。。。）


2.
1）计时：71s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: Since catfish swim erratically before earthquakes, some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict dangerous earthquakes.
Conclusion: To reduce the danger to life and property posed by major earthquakes, scientists have been investigating several techniques for giving advance warning of dangerous earthquakes.
3）推测：The prediction is not advanced enough that even though people get the prediction, they have no time to survive from the earthquake.
4）选项分析：选B（正确答案：E）
E: Strengthen.（尴尬同上一题）


3.
1）计时：39s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: A city plans to attract new citizens with new housing and new facilities such as parks, recreation centers, and libraries.
Conclusion: One component of the city's plan is to require that developers seeking permission to build this new housing provide these additional facilities at no cost to the city.
3）推测：
4）选项分析：选A


4.
1）计时：46s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: Manufacturers issue cents-off coupons to get consumers to try their brand of product with the hope that the consumers who try their brand will switch their brand loyalty.
Conclusion: in the initial marketing of their new brand X, Hartman Industries should issue cents-off coupons, thereby attracting a large segment of potential consumers as loyal customers.
3）推测：
4）选项分析：选B
A: Strengthen.


5.
1）计时：33s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: Many businesspeople who have not been to our state believe that we have an inadequate road system.
Premise: It is obvious from the fact that in each of the past six years, our state has spent more money per mile on road improvements than any other state.
Conclusion: Those people are mistaken.
3）推测：4）选项分析：选E

angelafeng

今天有点晚了。。。

【精练】17s
1.

Premise：People who have specialized knowledge about a scientific or technical issue are systematically excluded from juries for trials where the issue is relevant.

Conclusion：trial by jury is not a fair means of settling disputes involving such issues.
prephrase：（weaken）
answer：D----------B
(A) The more complicated the issue being litigated,
the less likely it is that a juror without
specialized knowledge of the field involved
will be able to comprehend the testimony
being given.--------------------this support the argument
(B) The more a juror knows about a particular
scientific or technical issue involved in a
trial, the more likely it is that the juror will be
prejudiced in favor of one of the litigating
parties before the trial begins.-----------------irrelevant--------correct,It agrees with the principle of
the premise, but not with the conclusion drawn from that premise.
(C) Appointing an impartial arbitrator is not a fair
means of settling disputes involving
scientific or technical issues, because
arbitrators tend to favor settlements in which
both parties compromise on the issues.------------the argument did not mention any information about arbitrator.
(D) Experts who give testimony on scientific or
technical issues tend to hedge their
conclusions by discussing the possibility of
error.--------------correct-----------This information does not attack the claim that jury trials are unfair because of the exclusion of jurors with.
knowledge of these issues.
(E) Expert witnesses in specialized fields often
command fees that are so high that many
people involved in litigation cannot afford
their services.---------------- the fees cannot weaken the conclusion of the arguement
没读懂题啊啊啊啊啊！
【逻辑链】
29. 27s
background information: To reduce the danger to life and property posed by major earthquakes, scientists have been investigating several techniques for giving advance warning of dangerous earthquakes.  

Premise: catfish swim erratically before earthquakes

Conclusion: some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict dangerous earthquakes.
Prephrase: ( undermine) 没有地震时catfish也swim erratically

Answer: E

30. 23s
premise：One component of the city's plan is to require that developers seeking permission to build this new housing provide these additional facilities at no cost to the city.  

Conclusion：A city plans to attract new citizens with new housing and new facilities.
prephrase：（flaw）开发商会抬高价格
answer：A

31.34s
background information：Manufacturers issue cents-off coupons to get consumers to try their brand of product with the hope that the consumers who try their brand will switch their brand loyalty.

Prephrase： in the initial marketing of their new brand X, Hartman Industries should issue cents-off coupons

Conclusion： attract a large segment of potential consumers as loyal customers.
prephrase：（weaken）新品牌和成熟的品牌不能同日而语
answer: A-------------B

(A) Many consumers are unlikely to try new brands of products unless offered an inducement to do so.---------------this cannot weaken the argument
(B) The consumers whose purchases are strongly influenced by cents-off coupons tend not to become loyal customers of any particular brand.--------this directly dispute the argument about cents-off coupons
(C) Many grocery stores attract customers by doubling the face value of manufacturer's coupons.
(D) Typically less than one-third of the coupons issued by a manufacturer are redeemed by consumers.
(E) A marketing campaign that uses cents-off coupons is most effective when combined with a television advertising campaign.

32. 26s

Background information：Many businesspeople who have not been to our state believe that we have an inadequate road system.  

Premise：in each of the past six years, our state has spent more money per mile on road improvements than any other state.

Conclusion：Those people are mistaken
prephrase：（weaken）花更多的钱改善道路说明这些道路原先有很多问题。

Answer：E

呵呵牙

继续补作业~

1. 20s
Premise: People are excluded from juries for trials where scientific or technical issue is relevant.
Conclusion: Trial by jury is not a fair means of settling disputes involving such issues.
Prephrase: Trial by jury has its own way and involved other issues.
选A ——————support
B (prejudiced) ——support ————————correct
C (appointing an impartial arbitrators) ——irrelevant
D (hedge conclusion)——irrelevant
E (fees)——irrelevant

2. 22s
Background Information: Scientists have been investigating several techniques for giving warning of earthquakes to reduce the danger.
Premise: Catfish swim erratically before earthquakes.
Conclusion: Some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict dangerous earthquakes.
Prephrase: If catfish are in danger, maybe they also swim erratically.
选E

3. 20s
Premise: The plan is require that developers seeking permission to build new housing provide these addition facilities at no cost to the city.
Conclusion: A city plan to attract new citizens with new housing and facilities.
Prephrase: This plan will cost much money; people cannot pay attention to the new housing and facilities.
选A

4. 36s
Premise: Manufacturers use coupons to get more consumers buy their products and become loyal customers.
Conclusion: Hartman Industries issue coupons to sell their new brand X and attract potential consumers as loyal customers.
Prephrase: People buy the new product just because they have coupons; if other brand also issue coupons, the consumers will buy other products.
选B

5. 30s
Premise: Many businesspeople believe that we have an inadequate road system.
Conclusion: In each of the past 6 years, our state has spent more money per mile on the road improvement than others.
Prephrase: The road system in this state is more faster advancing than others.
选E

Donts

1.计时18''
premise:a expert on some issues is systematically excluded from a jury of trails.conclusion:the trail of jury is not a fair way to settle disputes involving such issues.
推测：这些issue不仅需要专业人士。
(A) The more complicated the issue being litigated,
the less likely it is that a juror without
specialized knowledge of the field involved
will be able to comprehend the testimony
being given.这好像是加强。
(B) The more a juror knows about a particular
scientific or technical issue involved in a
trial, the more likely it is that the juror will be
prejudiced in favor of one of the litigating
parties before the trial begins.正确。
(C) Appointing an impartial arbitrator is not a fair
means of settling disputes involving
scientific or technical issues, because
arbitrators tend to favor settlements in which
both parties compromise on the issues.加强
(D) Experts who give testimony on scientific or
technical issues tend to hedge their
conclusions by discussing the possibility of
error.不影响fairness
(E) Expert witnesses in specialized fields often
command fees that are so high that many
people involved in litigation cannot afford
their services.fees无关
总结：
Answer choice (C): This answer simply notes that arbitrators are not a fair means of settling scientific ortechnical issue debates. This has no impact on the fairness of jury trials involving these same issues.

showysimple

1.

[Premise] – ppl who have specialized knowledge are excluded from juries
[Conclusion] – trial by jury is not a fair means of settling disputes involving such issues

求weaken
[Prephrase] – the exclusion is a fair way to settle such trials

(A) support prime only
(B) right answer
(C) ‘Arbitrator’ is irrelevant, 讨论的是jury trial
(D) ‘Experts who give testimony on scientific or technical issues’ is irrelevant, 讨论的是jury trial
(E) ‘expert witnesses in specialized fields’ is irrelevant, 讨论的是jury trial

2.

[Premise] – catfish swim erratically before earthquakes
[Conclusion] – monitoring catfish is proposed to predict dangerous earthquakes

weaken
[Prephrase] – 测鱼不足以准确地预测地震，因为catfish在其它情况下也swim erratically?

(A) supportive
(B) ‘mechanical methods of detecting earthquakes’ is irrelevant, 讨论的是 ‘monitoring catfish’
(C) 为什么震颤会导致鱼类不规则地游动与题目无关
(D) 讨论的是如何预测大型地震，而非地震过后的影响
(E) attack premise, right answer

5.

[Premise] in each year of the past 6 years, this state spent more money per mile on road impromt. than any other state
[Conclusion] bizppl think there’s an inadequate road system in this state, it’s wrong

weaken
[Prephrase] – 投资在铁路建设上＝铁路系统不完善?

(A) – irrelevant
(B) – irrelevant
(C) – irrelevant
(D) – irrelevant
(E) – attack premise, right answer

TICKCOCK

1.    remise: jury exclude people specialized in scientific and technical issue.
Conclude: trial by jury is not a fair means of settling the disputes of such issue.
Answer: B

2.    To reduce the danger earthquake poses to life and property, scientists have been investigating several techs to predict earthquake.
Premise: catfish swim erratically before earthquakes.
Conclusion: some investigators have proposed monitoring catfish to predict the earthquake.
Answer: E

3.    City plan: to attract new citizens with new housing and new facilities.
One component contends the city would cost nothing because of these facilities.
Answer: D (A)

4.    remise: manufacturers issue coupon to get customers to try their brand of product hoping customers switch their brand loyalty.
Conclusion: Hartman Industries should issue coupons to attract customers for Brand X.
Answer: B

5.    State spokesperson: it is mistaken for people who have never been to the state to think the instate road system is inadequate.
Reason: the state has spent more money per mile on road improvements than any other states.
Prephase: road improvement is not equal to adequate road systems.  Answer: E

chengzaaaa

1.
1)21”weaken
2)BI:
P: people, know about scientific or tech issues, excluded from jury
C: such issues, not fair, by jury
3)knowing the relevant things would affect the judgement. Other people judging is more fair.
4)B
5)A. wrong comparison
B. Correct. 先入为主 and they can’t help it.
C. not weakening the reasoning in the argument.
D. irrelevant
E. irrelevant

29.
1)17”weaken
2)BI: want earthquake prediction, working on that
P: catfish act weird before earthquakes
C: use catfish to detect
3)teeny movement, not earthquake, would make catfish move a lot. A lot false alarm
E

30.
1)20”weaken
2)BI:
P: additional stuff with no cost to the city
C: new house with new facilities to attract new citizens
3)not possible to build new facs without cost to city.
A

31.
1)24”weaken
2)BI: Manus issue coupons to attract new people, hoping they get loyal
P:
C: X send coupons to attract, loyal
3)coupon not making them loyal, they try everything’s coupons.
B

32.
1)17”weaken
2)BI: people say inadequate road system
P: past 6 years, spent more on road improvements than other states
C: they are wrong
3)beginning of the building of the road system
E


谢谢lz！！！

我心匪席

Time: 24’
Premises: People who has special knowledge will be excluded from trial, where issue is relevant
Conclusion: The means to settle down such issues are not fair.
Prephrase: Trial is irrelevant
A-----support
B-----right weaken
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant
============================================
Time: 21’
Background Informant: Earthquake cause damage
Premises: Catfish swim erratically before earthquake
Conclusion: Monitor catfish can predict earthquake
Prephrase: Other condition can cause catfish swim erratically
A-----irrelevant
B-----irrelevant
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----right weaken
===============================================
Time: 23’
Premises: Developer can build new facilities at no cost to city
Conclusion: City plans to attract new citizens with new facilities
Prephrase: Cost is essential
A-----right weaken
B-----irrelevant
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant
==============================================
Time: 41’
Background Information: Cents-off coupons attract consumers
Premises: X use cents-off coupons
Conclusion: Attract potential customers
Prephrase: Loyalty can not easily be changed by cents-off coupons.
A-----support
B----- right weaken
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant
===========================================
Time: 25’
Background Information: Many business people believe state has an inadequate road system
Premises: Spend more money per mile on road improvements than other state.
Conclusion: Mistaken
Prephrase: Cost does not relate to quality.
A-----irrelevant
B----- irrelevant
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----right weaken