一些逻辑问题的分析

aomeisoft7

13. In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered
charred bone fragments dating back one million years.
Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety
of animals, showed that they had been heated to
temperatures no higher than those produced in
experimental campfires made from branches of white
stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans.
Which of the following, if true, would, together with the
information above, provide the best basis for the claim
that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the
use of fire by early hominids
(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building
material by the present-day inhabitants of
Swartkans.
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of
temperatures that occur in campfires.
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the
archaeologists to form the complete skeletons
of several animals.
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is
reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as
many as 500,000 years ago.
(E) The bone fragments were found in several
distinct layers of limestone that contained
primitive cutting tools known to have been used
by early hominids.
这道题可能理解存在问题不知为何选e，求高人指导。谢谢啦！

-- by 会员 haoyuding (2010/10/2 19:18:40)

考古学家发现100万年前的bone，显示出他们曾加热到 比wood燃烧温度低 的温度。
下面哪一项 和 上面的信息 在一起，能提供最好的 证明：这些bone是早期人类使用火的证据


简单说，证明 人用火来烧动物
选 支持


(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building material by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans.
wood现在用来做房子。和bone无关
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires.
森林大火可以可把 wood 加热到 a range of temperature。和bone无关
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals.
bone 被装成了完整的动物骨骼。和fire无关
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500,000 years ago.
有证据人类50万年前用火，题目说的是100万年前。无关
(E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids.
发现 bone的地层里，还发现了 cutting tools，说明人用工具切割的肉，所以骨头是fragment，是碎片。支持了结论

aomeisoft7

16. Which of the following best completes the passage
below?
People buy prestige when they buy a premium product.
They want to be associated with something special.
Mass-marketing techniques and price-reduction
strategies should not be used because .
(A) affluent purchasers currently represent a
shrinking portion of the population of all
purchasers
(B) continued sales depend directly on the
maintenance of an aura of exclusivity
(C) purchasers of premium products are concerned
with the quality as well as with the price of the
products
(D) expansion of the market niche to include a
broader spectrum of consumers will increase
profits
(E) manufacturing a premium brand is not
necessarily more costly than manufacturing a
standard brand of the same product
不知为何选e题干可能没理解，您能帮我翻一下吗？谢谢。。

-- by 会员 haoyuding (2010/10/2 19:20:39)

这题选B，不是选E


要完成句子。人们买优质产品是为了名牌。他们觉得名牌好。不应该采用 大众销售 和 减价的方法 是因为：


A. affluent purchasers currently represent a shrinking portion of the population of all purchasers
有钱的人只占购买者的很少一部分。削弱了结论
B. continued sales depend directly on the maintenance of an aura of exclusivity
高级产品的销售是依靠 少量和特别（所谓的”限量产品“，高级产品针对的就是有钱人，如果大量低价倾销，就失去了名牌的优势，有钱人也不会买了）
C. purchasers of premium products are concerned with the quality as well as with the price of the products
买高级产品的人关系质量和价钱，削弱了结论
D. expansion of the market niche to include a broader spectrum of consumers will increase profits
扩大 市场对象可以增加利润，削弱结论
E. manufacturing a premium brand is not necessarily more costly than manufacturing a standard brand of the same product
生存高级产品没有比生产一般商品 成本高。无关

Helloface

又是我来问问题。
Often patients with ankle fractures that are stable, and thus do not require surgery, are given follow-up x-rays because their orthopedists are concerned about possibly having misjudged the stability of the fracture. When a number of follow-up x-rays were reviewed, however, all the fractures that had initially been judged stable were found to have healed correctly. Therefore, it is a waste of money to order follow-up
x-rays of ankle fracture initially judged stable.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A.    Doctors who are general practitioners rather than orthopedists are less likely than orthopedists to judge the stability of an ankle fracture correctly.
B.    Many ankle injuries for which an initial x-ray is ordered are revealed by the x-ray not to involve any fracture of the ankle.
C.    X-rays of patients of many different orthopedists working in several hospitals were reviewed.
D.    The healing of ankle fractures that have been surgically repaired is always checked by means of a follow-up x-ray.
E.    Orthopedists routinely order follow-up x-rays for fractures of bone other than ankle bones.
答案C，题目我读懂了。踝骨骨折的人一般病情稳定，不做手术，但要拍个X片，但是他们的治疗师在看过X后都确定他们的脚没事能正常愈合，所以拍X片很无用。问支持。
这题我排除着能做出来。但是C选项没读懂，不同治疗师的病人的X片子在若干家医院被看了。是说因为不同医院的不同治疗师都看过，确定了没事儿，所以拍了无用么？of....of.....我一向分不清从属关系。

aomeisoft7

又是我来问问题。
Often patients with ankle fractures that are stable, and thus do not require surgery, are given follow-up x-rays because their orthopedists are concerned about possibly having misjudged the stability of the fracture. When a number of follow-up x-rays were reviewed, however, all the fractures that had initially been judged stable were found to have healed correctly. Therefore, it is a waste of money to order follow-up
x-rays of ankle fracture initially judged stable.

Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?

A.    Doctors who are general practitioners rather than orthopedists are less likely than orthopedists to judge the stability of an ankle fracture correctly.
B.    Many ankle injuries for which an initial x-ray is ordered are revealed by the x-ray not to involve any fracture of the ankle.
C.    X-rays of patients of many different orthopedists working in several hospitals were reviewed.
D.    The healing of ankle fractures that have been surgically repaired is always checked by means of a follow-up x-ray.
E.    Orthopedists routinely order follow-up x-rays for fractures of bone other than ankle bones.
答案C，题目我读懂了。踝骨骨折的人一般病情稳定，不做手术，但要拍个X片，但是他们的治疗师在看过X后都确定他们的脚没事能正常愈合，所以拍X片很无用。问支持。
这题我排除着能做出来。但是C选项没读懂，不同治疗师的病人的X片子在若干家医院被看了。是说因为不同医院的不同治疗师都看过，确定了没事儿，所以拍了无用么？of....of.....我一向分不清从属关系。

-- by 会员 Helloface (2010/10/3 16:55:26)

题目说，医生看到X片和最初诊断是相同的，所以拍X片就不需要了。
这里有个缺陷，就是可能 这些医生艺术高超，初步诊断的准确率非常高，但不一定所有的医生都能做到
C.    X-rays of patients of many different orthopedists working in several hospitals were reviewed.
C你的翻译是对的，在很多医院都是这样的，说明这不是个别医生现象，而是普遍的，样本具有代表性，所以能支持结论：不需要X片

rongyang114

求救
PREP1-57 求NN 帮忙看看~~·

Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.

Sharon's argument is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?

(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.
(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.
(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.
(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.

答案是A ，很奇怪， 提干的两个人说的话有矛盾吗？Roland:认为本国90%。。。。
        而Sharon 介绍了正常的失业率，

很奇怪，有什么关系、、


求救啊 ~~

rongyang114

PREP1-57 求NN 帮忙看看~~·
Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.

Sharon's argument is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?

(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.
(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.
(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.
(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.

答案是A ，很奇怪， 提干的两个人说的话有矛盾吗？Roland:认为本国90%。。。。
        而Sharon 介绍了正常的失业率，

很奇怪，有什么关系、、


求救啊 ~~

sunflower0706

还有两周就考试了,逻辑突然迷茫了!!!求助CDer

之前上过XDF,按其思路进行复习和总结，之后又看了狒狒逻辑的方法篇。结果现在发现做题的时候如果看完问题和题目，再按XDF或feifei的套路想可能的答案方向，逻辑基本每道题都会超时！！！！！
急疯了我了，眼看就要考试了，逻辑做题速度提不上来会对整体verbal有致命的影响啊，请有过飞跃的CDer给传授点经验啊，小弟狂谢

aomeisoft7

求救
PREP1-57 求NN 帮忙看看~~·

Roland:  The alarming fact is that 90 percent of the people in this country now report that they know someone who is unemployed.
Sharon:  But a normal, moderate level of unemployment is 5 percent, with 1 out of 20 workers unemployed.  So at any given time if a person knows approximately 50 workers, 1 or more will very likely be unemployed.

Sharon's argument is structured to lead to which of the following as a conclusion?

(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
(B) The current level of unemployment is not moderate.
(C) If at least 5% of workers are unemployed, the result of questioning a representative group of people cannot be the percentage Roland cites.
(D) It is unlikely that the people whose statements Roland cites are giving accurate reports.
(E) If an unemployment figure is given as a certain percent, the actual percentage of those without jobs is even higher.

答案是A ，很奇怪， 提干的两个人说的话有矛盾吗？Roland:认为本国90%。。。。
        而Sharon 介绍了正常的失业率，

很奇怪，有什么关系、、


求救啊 ~~

-- by 会员 rongyang114 (2010/10/3 21:16:18)

R说：90%的人认识someone失业
S说：正常的失业率是5%，20个人中有1个人失业。所以只要1个人认识50个人，其中就会有1个或几个人失业


求S的推论
(A) The fact that 90% of the people know someone who is unemployed is not an indication that unemployment is abnormally high.
90%的人认识someone失业 不是 失业率高的指标。
比如一个班级有10个人，有1个人失业，其他的9个人就业，这10个人互相认识。那么：90%的人都认识一个失业的人，可是他们认识的是同一个人，实际失业率并不高。

aomeisoft7

还有两周就考试了,逻辑突然迷茫了!!!求助CDer

之前上过XDF,按其思路进行复习和总结，之后又看了狒狒逻辑的方法篇。结果现在发现做题的时候如果看完问题和题目，再按XDF或feifei的套路想可能的答案方向，逻辑基本每道题都会超时！！！！！
急疯了我了，眼看就要考试了，逻辑做题速度提不上来会对整体verbal有致命的影响啊，请有过飞跃的CDer给传授点经验啊，小弟狂谢

-- by 会员 sunflower0706 (2010/10/3 22:03:50)

没看过狒狒逻辑，做过XDF逻辑的书，个人觉得只能是逻辑入门，不能钻研，因为出题思路和官方有很大差距
我觉得PREP破解的题目特别好，思路很清晰
你先要弄清楚逻辑题的类型，确定看到一道题知道是 从下到上的支持，还是从上到下的推论，或者 假设，或者 评价，ect
这个很重要，因为每种类型的题目 套路是不一样的
然后可以把OG或PP的题分类，比如推论的题，拿个10题一起做，你会发现正确答案都有共性的，错误答案也出的很有规律
多想想 就有感觉了，不要套用XDF或狒狒的思路，那样很机械
还有个方法，比较死，但我觉得挺有用，用笔手写 或者 电脑上写，注意是 写出来
题目做出来了，用中文概括 题干，结论，不是全文翻译。一句话就好，比如 ”因为XX，结论：XX导致XX“
然后每个选项的对的原因，和错的原因。其实也花不了多久，但是 你的思路 会很清晰


加油！！不要急，1周的时间就可以突破的

foreverprada

LZ也帮我看看吧http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-488387-1-1.html
谢谢~