P1:
-e-paymet instruments availability & acceptance ↑; paper check the most popular
-in 1995, 80% by check
-e-instrument use↑— check ↑ too
-individual&business not shifting from check to e-instruments
P2:
-check popularity persists tho cost ↑ to produce
-economy theory: market not working properly: goods $ — produce cost, $↓ goods replace $↑ goods: resources use efficiently
-when not: either goods not close substitutes or market fail—> authority to correct
P3:
-market failure— commonly accepted view of what’s happened in the market
-individual&business: funds earn interests for check writer
-size of benefit reduce check production cost
-individual&business dont face the higher cost, they continue use check
-check overuse
P4:
-the view is suspected in assume check writers only recognize&take advantage from float
-assumption ≠ rational behavior
-likely to negotiate a mutual benefit
-Negotiation is common between businesses
P1:尽管electronic payment出现了,但check还是主流(用average annual number of payments per capita的例子证明)
P2:根据standard economic theory,应该是electronic payment替代check才对。有两个可能性①the goods are not close② the market failed。作者认为是第二个,并且认为public authority应该介入
P3:market failure is a commonly accepted view.具体为资金在从开支票的人转到收到支票人的手中的过程中仍然产生利息,这对开支票的人有利
P4:作者认为market failure是suspect,因为只考虑到了一方,实际上双方会协商,保证共同利益
107.
[Main Idea] The author tried to explain why paper check is still more populor even electronic payment instruments have developed a lot. And he/she believes that both sides of the bussiness are responsible for that.
[Structure]
P1: Present the phenomenon:
Electronic payment instruments grows fast, but using paper check is still the most popular noncash payment way.
-- Majority percentage; both electronic & check have grown.
P2: Why?
Use an analogy with the goods in the market to explain the two possible reasons why check persists.
-- 1. Electronic ones might not be good enough, or 2. the market doesnot work well.
P3: Common view:
Check writer is the one to be blamed.
--Checks are overused because the writers prefer to benefit from the value of float, and overlook the social cost.
P4: Better explanation:
Both sides
Not only the check writer notices the value of float, both sides in a business will negotiate about it. Thus both of them are responsible for chech persisting.