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6.09+【1-5】
6.09+【1-5】
1. Politician: All nations that place a high tax on income produce thereby a negative incentive for technological innovation, and all nations in which technological innovation is hampered inevitably fall behind in the international arms race. Those nations that, through historical accident or the foolishness of their political leadership, wind up in a strategically disadvantageous position are destined to lose their voice in world affairs. So if a nation wants to maintain its value system and way of life, it must not allow its highest tax bracket to exceed 30 percent of income.
Each of the following, if true, weakens the politician’s argument EXCEPT:
(A) The top level of taxation must reach 45 percent before taxation begins to deter inventors and industrialists from introducing new technologies and industries.
(B) Making a great deal of money is an insignificant factor in driving technological innovation.
(C) Falling behind in the international arms race does not necessarily lead to a strategically less advantageous position.
(D) Those nations that lose influence in the world community do not necessarily suffer from a threat to their value system or way of life.
(E) Allowing one’s country to lose its technological edge, especially as concerns weaponry, would be foolish rather than merely a historical accident.
Background Information:
All nations that place a high tax on income produce thereby a negative incentive for technological innovation.
Premise:
Those nations in which innovations are hampered will lose their voice in world affairs.
Conclusion:
If a nation wants to maintain its value system and way of life, it must not allow its highest tax bracket to exceed 30% of income.
选项分析：选E
2. Urban air contains more sulfur dioxide than does rural air, and plants in cities typically grow more slowly than do plants in rural areas. In an experiment to see how much of the difference in growth is due to sulfur dioxide, classes in an urban and a rural school grew plants in greenhouses at their schools and filtered the greenhouse air to eliminate sulfur dioxide. Plants in the urban greenhouse grew more slowly than those in the rural greenhouse.
Which of the following, if true, would it be most important to take into account in evaluating the result?
(A) The urban school was located in a part of the city in which levels of sulfur dioxide in the air were usually far lower than is typical for urban areas.
(B) At both schools, the plants in the greenhouses grew much more quickly than did plants planted outdoors in plots near the greenhouses.
(C) The urban class conducting the experiment was larger than the rural class conducting the experiment.
(D) Heavy vehicular traffic such as is found in cities constantly deposits grime on greenhouse windows, reducing the amount of light that reaches the plants inside.
(E) Because of the higher levels of sulfur dioxide in the air at the urban school, the air filters for the urban school's greenhouse were changed more frequently than were those at the rural school.
Background Information:
Urban air contains more sulfur dioxide than does rural air, and plants in cities grow slowly than plants in rural areas.
Premise:
Classes in an urban and a rural school grew plants in greenhouses at their schools and filtered the greenhouse air to eliminate sulfur dixside.
Conclusion:
Plants in the urban greenhouse grew more slowly than those in the rural greenhouse.
选项分析：选D??
3. Many small roads do not have painted markings along their edges. Clear edge markings would make it easier for drivers to see upcoming curves and to judge the car's position on the road, particularly when visibility is poor, and would therefore seem to be a useful contribution to road safety. However, after Greatwater County painted edge markings on all its narrow, winding roads, the annual accident rate along those roads actually increased slightly.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain the increase in accident rate?
(A) Greatwater County has an unusually high proportion of narrow, winding roads.
(B) In bad weather it can be nearly as difficult for drivers to see the road as it is at night.
(C) Prior to the painting of the edge markings, Greatwater County's narrow, winding roads already had a somewhat higher accident rate than other Greatwater County roads.
(D) Many of the accidents on narrow, winding roads involve a single vehicle veering off the road, rather than the collision of two vehicles.
(E) After the markings were painted on the roads, many drivers who had gone out of their way to avoid driving on those roads at night no longer did so.
Background Information:
Many small roads do not have painted markings along their edges.
Premise:
G Country painted edge markings on all its narrow, winding roads.
Conclusion:
The annul accident rate along those roads actually increased slightly.
推测(Prephrase: mentally formulate your answer to the question stem)：
There are more drivers who drive on those roads than before after the markings were painted.
选项分析：选E
4. Gortland has long been narrowly self-sufficient in both grain and meat. However, as per capita income in Gortland has risen toward the world average, per capita consumption of meat has also risen toward the world average, and it takes several pounds of grain to produce one pound of meat. Therefore, since per capita income continues to rise, whereas domestic grain production will not increase, Gortland will soon have to import either grain or meat or both.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) The total acreage devoted to grain production in Gortland will soon decrease.
(B) Importing either grain or meat will not result in a significantly higher percentage of Gortlanders' incomes being spent on food than is currently the case.
(C) The per capita consumption of meat in Gortland is increasing at roughly the same rate across all income levels.
(D) The per capita income of meat producers in Gortland is rising faster than the per capita income of grain producers.
(E) People in Gortland who increase their consumption of meat will not radically decrease their consumption of grain.
Background Information:
Gortland has long been narrowly self-sufficient in both grain and meat.
Premise:
Per capita income in G has risen, and per capita consumption of meat has also risen, but domestic grain production will not increase.
Conclusion:
Since per capita income continues to rise, Gorland will soon import either grain or meat or both.
推测(Prephrase: mentally formulate your answer to the question stem)：
People will use extra income to buy either grain or meat or both.
选项分析：选E
5. For years the beautiful Renaissance buildings in Palitito have been damaged by exhaust from the many tour buses that come to the city. There has been little parking space, so most buses have idled at the curb during each stop on their tour, and idling produces as much exhaust as driving. The city has now provided parking that accommodates a third of the tour buses, so damage to Palitito's buildings from the buses' exhaust will diminish significantly.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?
(A) The exhaust from Palitito's few automobiles is not a significant threat to Palitito's buildings.
(B) Palitito's Renaissance buildings are not threatened by pollution other than engine exhaust.
(C) Tour buses typically spend less than one-quarter of the time they are in Palitito transporting passengers from one site to another.
(D) More tourists come to Palitito by tour bus than by any other single means of transportation.
(E) Some of the tour buses that are unable to find parking drive around Palitito while their passengers are visiting a site.
Background Information:
The beautiful Renaissance buildings in Palitito have been damaged by exhaust from the many tour buses that come to the city.
Premise:
The city has now provided parking for the tour buses.
Conclusion:
The damage to P’s buildings from the buses’ exhaust will diminish significantly.
推测(Prephrase: mentally formulate your answer to the question stem)：
The buses will spend more time parking and spend less time idling.
选项分析：选C
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发表于 2012-6-7 22:08:06
which means except the SD, other condition is not the same between the two expermental teems
olitician argues that high tax on income produce negative incentive for tech innovation, thus fall behind in the international arms race. Then for some reason , they fall into disadvantageous position and lose the voice.