gwd-7-17,gwd-7-27 两道逻辑题目请教

麻集爱

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.  Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

1. Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.


2. Possible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.


3. Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.


4. The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.
   



5. The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

答案为 e 我选了d . 很难过为什么会错. 但是我看了两遍题 还是不明白为什么选e 请教高手给个指引. 真伤心

A significant number of complex repair jobs carried out by Ace Repairs have to be reworked under the company’s warranty.  The reworked jobs are invariably satisfactory.  When initial repairs are inadequate, therefore, it is not because the mechanics lack competence; rather, there is clearly a level of focused concentration that complex repairs require that is elicited more reliably by rework jobs than by first-time jobs.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

1. There is no systematic difference in membership between the group of mechanics who do first-time jobs and the group of those who do rework jobs.
   



2. There is no company that successfully competes with Ace Repairs for complex repair jobs.


3. Ace Repairs’ warranty is good on first-time jobs but does not cover rework jobs.
   



4. Ace Repairs does not in any way penalize mechanics who have worked on complex repair jobs that later had to be reworked.
   



5. There is no category of repair jobs in which Ace Repairs invariably carries out first-time jobs satisfactorily.

   Answer:

答案为a 我选了d  membership 是人数,怎么可能有关呢?　请高手点拨以二．　

真伤心．．．我发现我越来越傻了

robertchu

不用伤心难过。做CR题目应该以一种gaming的心态去做，看谁能outsmart谁(ETS还是自己）。做错了，找到原因，下次就可以beat ETS乐。
gwd 7: Conclusion: for one in four such patients,the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, ..., were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.
Analysis: If the doctors had no idea whether a patient would benefit from the surgery prior to the surgery, as in the case of E,  then it's baseless to accuse that the doctors performed the surgery only for their own interest, because it could very well be that the doctors recommended the surgery out of their true belief that it's best for the patient.

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-6-15 12:52:13编辑过]

robertchu

为什么我的贴子中英文单词中间的空格会消失？预览时是好的呀？It's very annoying -- I was forced to edit the post many times simply to add back the spaces.  BTW, I'm using Netscape 7.  Could somebody help?  Thanks in advance!

robertchu

The one about repairing:

If say, members of group A who do the first-time repair are mostly newbies, and members of group B who do the rework are more experienced, then the author's conclusion would be render false.  That's exactly choice A.

麻集爱

明白了谢谢.roboter 你如果用中文解释,对我更容易些

robertchu

My typing of Chinese is very slow , because I only know PinYin input method.

Typing English is just easier for me.  Sorry!

fair_sword

2个题robertchu都说的很清楚了，

27我再补充一下。A 答案的核心在no systematic difference XXX between 1 and 2. 所以difference 后面的东东尽可以随便变。Eg. Difference in experience, in age, in sex, in location, in money, in.. and so on. 对于假设题，反复强调ETS定义：取非削弱。

tony6

以下是引用fair_sword在2004-7-13 22:58:00的发言：

2个题robertchu都说的很清楚了，

27我再补充一下。A 答案的核心在no systematic difference XXX between 1 and 2. 所以difference 后面的东东尽可以随便变。Eg. Difference in experience, in age, in sex, in location, in money, in.. and so on. 对于假设题，反复强调ETS定义：取非削弱。

解释的太好了，谢谢fair_sword和robert

wcai

关于修理的那篇到底是什么意思呀？

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-8-20 3:57:10编辑过]

swiffer

与wcai相同的问题，修理那篇是什么意思？尤其是结论部分，读不懂。请NN解释一下！