prep39一疑问，关于同位语

ursula_1

39. (26509-!-item-!-188;#058&002648) B E

The Sports Medicine Programs of the Olympic Training Center, a complex where final tryouts are

held for athletes representing the United States in the Olympics, is geared toward enhancing

athletes' performance and toward their preparation for international competition.

(A) is geared toward enhancing athletes' performance and toward their preparation

(B) is geared to enhance the performance of athletes and to prepare them

(C) are geared to enhance athletes' performance and their preparation

(D) are geared toward the enhancement of athletes' performance and toward preparing them

(E) are geared toward enhancing the performance of athletes and preparing them 

考点:主谓一致（Agreement）          平行对称（Parallelism）

1)   习惯搭配: gear: verb. (usually passive.)if someone or sth is geared to (+noun.)or towards a

particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose.对某事物加以调节以适合某种需要或达到某种水平或标准

2)   专有名词的复数:   专有名词的复数跟普通单词一样,在词尾添加s表示复数概念
      这里programs是复数概念

(A) toward enhancing和toward their preparation不平行;  主谓不一致,is应该改为复数

(B)   主谓不一致

(C) to enhance和their preparation不平行，and their preparation错误地与athletes’ performance并列。

(D) the enhancement和preparing them不平行

(E)   正确, are geared toward enhancing…and preparing结构平行且符合习惯用法

句子结构: The Sports Medicine Programs…,…, are geared toward enhancing… and preparing them…

我的问题是： programs这里是复数概念，为什么后面a complex 可以是个单数概念的同位语？是否允许？这里是否一个陷阱?

请牛牛们指教

39. (26509-!-item-!-188;#058&002648) B E

The Sports Medicine Programs of the Olympic Training Center, a complex where final tryouts are

held for athletes representing the United States in the Olympics, is geared toward enhancing

athletes' performance and toward their preparation for international competition.

(A) is geared toward enhancing athletes' performance and toward their preparation

(B) is geared to enhance the performance of athletes and to prepare them

(C) are geared to enhance athletes' performance and their preparation

(D) are geared toward the enhancement of athletes' performance and toward preparing them

(E) are geared toward enhancing the performance of athletes and preparing them 

考点:主谓一致（Agreement）          平行对称（Parallelism）

1)   习惯搭配: gear: verb. (usually passive.)if someone or sth is geared to (+noun.)or towards a

particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose.对某事物加以调节以适合某种需要或达到某种水平或标准

2)   专有名词的复数:   专有名词的复数跟普通单词一样,在词尾添加s表示复数概念
      这里programs是复数概念

(A) toward enhancing和toward their preparation不平行;  主谓不一致,is应该改为复数

(B)   主谓不一致

(C) to enhance和their preparation不平行，and their preparation错误地与athletes’ performance并列。

(D) the enhancement和preparing them不平行

(E)   正确, are geared toward enhancing…and preparing结构平行且符合习惯用法

句子结构: The Sports Medicine Programs…,…, are geared toward enhancing… and preparing them…

我的问题是： programs这里是复数概念，为什么后面a complex 可以是个单数概念的同位语？是否允许？这里是否一个陷阱?

请牛牛们指教

39. (26509-!-item-!-188;#058&002648) B E

The Sports Medicine Programs of the Olympic Training Center, a complex where final tryouts are

held for athletes representing the United States in the Olympics, is geared toward enhancing

athletes' performance and toward their preparation for international competition.

(A) is geared toward enhancing athletes' performance and toward their preparation

(B) is geared to enhance the performance of athletes and to prepare them

(C) are geared to enhance athletes' performance and their preparation

(D) are geared toward the enhancement of athletes' performance and toward preparing them

(E) are geared toward enhancing the performance of athletes and preparing them 

考点:主谓一致（Agreement）          平行对称（Parallelism）

1)   习惯搭配: gear: verb. (usually passive.)if someone or sth is geared to (+noun.)or towards a

particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose.对某事物加以调节以适合某种需要或达到某种水平或标准

2)   专有名词的复数:   专有名词的复数跟普通单词一样,在词尾添加s表示复数概念
      这里programs是复数概念

(A) toward enhancing和toward their preparation不平行;  主谓不一致,is应该改为复数

(B)   主谓不一致

(C) to enhance和their preparation不平行，and their preparation错误地与athletes’ performance并列。

(D) the enhancement和preparing them不平行

(E)   正确, are geared toward enhancing…and preparing结构平行且符合习惯用法

句子结构: The Sports Medicine Programs…,…, are geared toward enhancing… and preparing them…

我的问题是： programs这里是复数概念，为什么后面a complex 可以是个单数概念的同位语？是否允许？这里是否一个陷阱?

请牛牛们指教

39. (26509-!-item-!-188;#058&002648) B E

The Sports Medicine Programs of the Olympic Training Center, a complex where final tryouts are

held for athletes representing the United States in the Olympics, is geared toward enhancing

athletes' performance and toward their preparation for international competition.

(A) is geared toward enhancing athletes' performance and toward their preparation

(B) is geared to enhance the performance of athletes and to prepare them

(C) are geared to enhance athletes' performance and their preparation

(D) are geared toward the enhancement of athletes' performance and toward preparing them

(E) are geared toward enhancing the performance of athletes and preparing them 

考点:主谓一致（Agreement）          平行对称（Parallelism）

1)   习惯搭配: gear: verb. (usually passive.)if someone or sth is geared to (+noun.)or towards a

particular purpose, they are organized or designed in order to achieve that purpose.对某事物加以调节以适合某种需要或达到某种水平或标准

2)   专有名词的复数:   专有名词的复数跟普通单词一样,在词尾添加s表示复数概念
      这里programs是复数概念

(A) toward enhancing和toward their preparation不平行;  主谓不一致,is应该改为复数

(B)   主谓不一致

(C) to enhance和their preparation不平行，and their preparation错误地与athletes’ performance并列。

(D) the enhancement和preparing them不平行

(E)   正确, are geared toward enhancing…and preparing结构平行且符合习惯用法

句子结构: The Sports Medicine Programs…,…, are geared toward enhancing… and preparing them…

我的问题是： programs这里是复数概念，为什么后面a complex 可以是个单数概念的同位语？是否允许？这里是否一个陷阱?

请牛牛们指教

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-7 12:24:10编辑过]

ilhht

同位语在这里是可以表示成单数概念的。

白勇的语法讲解里面提到：

1同位结构起修饰语的作用，一般用语修饰名词或者名词短语

2 同位结构必须对其修饰对象具有解释力

3同位结构的位置：名词前或者名词后，一般在修饰对象的后面

4同位结构不影响主谓一致

5同位结构的名词的数可以与其修饰对象的数不一样。

6同位结构的形式

a）名词型同位结构，名词解释名词

n.,n;  n.,a/an +n. 或者    a/an+n.,n. 或者 the+n.,n.（the＋n为同位）

b）内容具体化同位结构：

比如抽象名词theory／evidence／belief／principle＋that从句

c）概括型同位结构，用一个概括型的词去解释前面的对象，比如a program／information／an effort／a practice that

d）名词重复性同位结构

n。，n（重复的名词）＋that 定语从句

e）代词代替性同位结构

n，one／ones＋that从句

希望能帮楼主

alohabrian

同位语的单复数和 主语 subject的单复数一点关系都没有。怎么用都行。

ursula_1

谢谢，十分全面

ursula_1

谢谢蜘蛛大侠，小女子谢过

vivian0331

以下是引用ilhht在2009-4-7 12:43:00的发言：
同位语在这里是可以表示成单数概念的。

白勇的语法讲解里面提到：

1同位结构起修饰语的作用，一般用语修饰名词或者名词短语

2 同位结构必须对其修饰对象具有解释力

3同位结构的位置：名词前或者名词后，一般在修饰对象的后面

4同位结构不影响主谓一致

5同位结构的名词的数可以与其修饰对象的数不一样。

6同位结构的形式

a）名词型同位结构，名词解释名词

n.,n;  n.,a/an +n. 或者    a/an+n.,n. 或者 the+n.,n.（the＋n为同位）

b）内容具体化同位结构：

比如抽象名词theory／evidence／belief／principle＋that从句

c）概括型同位结构，用一个概括型的词去解释前面的对象，比如a program／information／an effort／a practice that

d）名词重复性同位结构

n。，n（重复的名词）＋that 定语从句

e）代词代替性同位结构

n，one／ones＋that从句

希望能帮楼主

以前都没有注意到，谢谢连长分享。

借这个题目再问个小问题：

(E) are geared toward enhancing the performance of athletes and (toward这里是必须省略?还是可省可不省？) preparing them 

我的理解是toward扮演的角色应该相当于to，既然平行结构经常强调to A and to B，为什么这里and 后没有toward呢？

AlienX

umm...E這個choice非常平衡. 所以沒有toward也不會有問題.

vivian0331

以下是引用AlienX在2009-5-2 6:46:00的发言：
umm...E這個choice非常平衡. 所以沒有toward也不會有問題.

刚刚做Prep 1-83题，就是因为严格遵照to A or to B的平行原则，结果一下子排除掉了正确选项，正确选项第二个to省略了。我就非常担心自己不好判断什么时候能省？什么时候不能省。

看来，也不是死死地把to A and to B当成金科玉律，只能算作最重要的标准之一，还要看是否还有别的大错误。

AlienX

做題時可以注意一下, 不補介詞會不會導致明顯的歧異, 如果有而別的choices沒, 很可能可以cross out