OG10语法268题及GWD22语法总结日记，监督自己并欢迎大家多给意见

elinaqu

113. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang like socks on a clothesline.

(A)   saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs hang

(B)   saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs were hanging

(C)   saw monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging

(D)  seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging

(E)   seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, whose arms and legs have hung

 

1平行结构：一级排除
            ＡＢＣE

考虑动作的逻辑关系平行。

Choices A, B, and C use have ... saw where have ... seen is required.

平行结构：looked / seen ; hanging / sleeping 

出现过的两个平行, 错误的, 关于have的

Have done sth and did sth

Have been able to do sth and did sth

 

2 修饰：
            句末的非限制性定语从句指向其前面名词性结构的中心词

Choices A, B, and E awkwardly separate the relative clause beginning whose arms and legs ... from monkeys, the noun it modifies.

elinaqu

114. From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.

(A)  baggage so light

(B)   baggage being so light

(C)  baggage, yet being so light

(D)  baggage, and so light

(E)   baggage yet was so light

1逻辑意思  一级排除 A,B,C,D

Choice E, the best answer, states that although the canoe could transport cargo of considerable weight, it was light: (看不懂意思，这道题肯定作不对)

a canoe . . . which could carry . . . yet was . . . light.... Here, the conjunction yet is appropriately and correctly used to link two verb phrases. Choices A and B do not use yet with a verb parallel to could carry and thus fail to express this contrast.

Similarly, D omits the necessary verb after and; and here again, the use of and rather than yet fails to express the contrast (and 不能表达对比的感觉).

Furthermore, both place adjectival constructions after baggage, illogically stating that the eight hundred pounds of baggage, rather than the canoe, was light.

Choice C supplies yet but ungrammatically uses the participle being where was is required. Yet是连词, 不能分词短语和主句并列

看了题目不了解: 迅速的扫描选项, 发现有YET出现, 重新再看题目, 查找原文的逻辑意思, 发现有转折,,不要盯着一个选项猛看, 要比较!!!!!!!

 

句子结构:对一个名词的修饰: 顺序: 名词介词词组, 介词词组, 分词词组, 定语从句(里面有并列which could do ….yet was so light that ……)

 

关于逗号和yet

http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?BoardID=23&ID=43230

 

elinaqu

115. From the time of its defeat by the Germans in 1940 until its liberation in 1944, France was a bitter and divided country; a kind of civil war raged in the Vichy government between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis with those who opposed them.

(A)  between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis with those who opposed

(B)   between those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis and those who opposed

(C)  between those wanting to collaborate with the Nazis with those opposing

(D)  among those who wanted to collaborate with the Nazis and those who opposed

(E)   among those wanting to collaborate with the Nazis with those opposing

1 词法：between … and排除 A C D E

表示两者之间的对比用 between …. And . 三者或者以上的用 among … and

among is used to describe the relationship of more than two elements, as in "the tension among residents";

between is generally used to describe the relationship of two entities.

astroboy9

以下是引用elinaqu在2007-8-23 9:45:00的发言：

我9月21日考，你呢？

我10月12考,希望楼主能够打响头炮!

elinaqu

以下是引用astroboy9在2007-8-23 16:59:00的发言：

我10月12考,希望楼主能够打响头炮!

谢谢你，我也想改10月初考那时候的机经应该多一些，不过已经没有位子了，也祝你考好啊

elinaqu

116. Those who come to church with a predisposition to religious belief will be happy in an auditorium or even a storefront, and there is no doubt that religion is sometimes better served by adapted spaces of this kind instead of by some of the buildings actually designed for it.

(A)  adapted spaces of this kind instead of by some of the buildings actually designed for it

(B)  adapted spaces like these rather than some of the buildings actually designed for them

(C)  these adapted spaces instead of by some of the buildings actually designed for it

(D)  such adapted spaces rather than by some of the buildings actually designed for them

(E)   such adapted spaces than by some of the build­ings actually designed for it

 

1.词法：一级排除 A B C D
                

be better served by x than by y ,    此处用 rather than / instead of 都不好

2数的一致
            ；

supplies the proper singular pronoun, it, to refer to religion

3.代词：
                

such/these  such 比 these 表示
            举例子更好。

in addition, such is preferable to these for presenting examples or instances (更书面语？such举例，these指带

elinaqu

117. A firm that specializes in the analysis of handwriting claims from a one-page writing sample that it can assess more than three hundred personality traits, including enthusiasm, imagination, and ambition.

(A)    from a one-page writing sample that it can assess,

(B)    from a one-page writing sample it has the abil­ity of assessing

(C)    the ability, from a one-page writing sample, of assessing

(D)   to be able, from a one-page writing sample, to assess

(E)    being able to assess, from a one-page writing sample,

1简洁：一级排除
                 B C

   has the ability of / be able to  前面一个不简洁。

2修饰：二级排除 A B  

介词短语做状语放在动词后面直接修饰前面的动词；要考察意思是否合理

In A, placing that after sample rather than after claims produces the unintended statement that the claim itself is made on the basis of a single one-page writing sampleè本来这个from one –page不是修饰claim的, 是修饰能力的, 这样放就会产生两种理解, 就是歧义, 就不好

介词短语作状语è看意思到底修饰什么
                

直接放在动词后面就是修饰动词了……

(两个问题：1、从gmat角度讲，这样宾语从句表达不清晰。2、状语位置的改变一定会改变句子的意思，选什么要看句子表达的意思是否合理).

3词法:   二级排除
                E

claim that / claim to …….
                Choice E uses the ungrammatical claims being able to assess.

elinaqu

1l8. The question of whether to divest themselves of stock in companies that do business in South Africa is particularly troublesome for the nation's 116 private Black colleges because their economic bases are often more fragile than most predominantly White colleges.

(A)  than

(B)   than those of

(C)  than is so of

(D)  compared to

(E)   compared to those of

 

1.       比较 than一级排除  D,E

makes an illogical comparison between bases and colleges, and both D and E use the unidiomatic and redundant more ... compared to.

2.       比较对象的平行二级排除 A,C

Choice A fails to supply a phrase like those of, thus illogically comparing the Black colleges' economic bases to predominantly White colleges. Similarly, in C than is so of does not clearly identify the second term of the comparison and is unnecessarily wordy

elinaqu

119. Executives and federal officials say that the use of crack and cocaine is growing rapidly among work­ers, significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to busi­ness of more than $100 billion a year.

(A)  significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already are a cost to business of

(B)   significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, which already cost busi­ness

(C)  significantly compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, already with business costs of

(D)  significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costing busi­ness

(E)   significant in compounding the effects of drug and alcohol abuse, and already costs business

1简洁：  一级排除  A,C

a cost to business of / already cost business / already with business costs of

2．定语从句 /逻辑意思
            二级排除  C,,D,E

the effects of drug and alcohol abuse that already cost business the sum mentioned

2 修饰：  二级排除  D,E

significant in compounding / significantly compounding

Choices D and E produce faulty constructions with the phrase significant in compounding, which cannot grammatically modify the verb form is growing.

 

Business  企业

Compound  增加，加重

elinaqu

120. The Parthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a fortress.

(A)   who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as

(B)   who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like

(C)   who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like

(D)  who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be

(E)   establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as

 

1词法：一级排除  B,C,D

 use sth. As …

used the Acropolis as a fortress, in which used as means "employed in the capacity of."

2 时态：二级排除  C,D

过去时/过去完成时

Similarly, in D, had established... using states that Mohammed had already performed the actions before capturing Athens; è过去完成时态自动表示完成在时间参照点之前的动作è结构为先!!!

3 分词一级排除  E

and in E, establishing and using modify Athens, thus producing an absurd statement