【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-13】

顿东w · 发表于 2018-9-21 08:40:43

感谢分享！

顿东w · 发表于 2018-9-21 09:04:24

2.
B:在校感觉不成功的高中生经常退学。
P:两年前提高学生士气的一个项目起了作用导致
C:去年退学率降低。
(A) There was a recession that caused a high level of unemployment in the city.
The answer attacks the conclusion by introducing an alternate cause: it was not the morale program that led to a decrease in high dropouts, but rather the fact that no jobs were available for individuals contemplating dropping out of high school. The job availability factor is important because the first sentence of the stimulus indicates that high school students who drop out go to work. Thus, if a recession led to a high level of unemployment, this could cause high school students to rethink dropping out and stay in school.
(D) High schools in the city established placement offices to assist their graduates in obtaining employment.
帮助毕业生找到工作，但是没有毕业的高一高二的得不到学校的帮助还是会选择退学的（我开始想的就是既然学校帮助学生们找工作，那么大家肯定都会待到毕业等到学校的帮助这样就不会退学了但是这个选项针对的仅仅是graduates，没有管其他年级的学生）

49.
XY都经历同样的天气气候，但是X的产量下降，Y的产量却上升。
C:新政权上台之后，过度中央集权的经济应该为X的poor农业生产负责。
maybe：两国种的农作物不同；集权经济是有好处的
D

50.
P：科学家带着做重要研究的心进入这个领域并且容纳接受有着相同目标的同事。
C：一旦有人成为了大众的解释者，其他的科学家no longer regard him as a true colleague
maybe：一旦受了欢迎，就没有相同的目标了
(A) serious scientific research is not a solitary activity, but relies on active cooperation among a group of colleagues
(B) research scientists tend not to regard as colleagues those scientists whose renown they envy
(C) a scientist can become a famous popularizer without having completed any important research
(D) research scientists believe that those who are well known as popularizers of science are not motivated to do important new research
(E) no important new research can be accessible to or accurately assessed by those who are not themselves scientists

51.
制药部门卖了20%的sales，盈利40%；化学部门卖了80%的sales，盈利60%
infer：制药部门的利润效率比化学的高
(A) Total dollar sales for each of the company's divisions have remained roughly constant.
(B) The pharmaceuticals division has faced stiffer competition in its markets than has the chemicals division.
(C) The chemicals division has realized lower profits per dollar of sales than has the pharmaceuticals division.
(D) The product mix offered by each of the company's divisions has remained unchanged.
(E) Highly profitable products accounted for a higher percentage of the chemicals division's sales than of those of the pharmaceuticals division.

52.
自行车产商的技术保守主义是他们需要去迎合的demand的一种reflection
对创新感兴趣并且愿意花钱的是那些自行车手。
C：自行车技术的创新局限于权威在自行车比赛里会将什么作为标准。
mayeb：自行车手就是那些权威们
(A) The market for cheap, traditional bicycles cannot expand unless the market for high-performance competition bicycles expands.
(B) High-performance bicycles are likely to be improved more as a result of technological innovations developed in small workshops than as a result of technological innovations developed in major manufacturing concerns.
(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.
(D) The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers results primarily from their desire to manufacture a product that can be sold without being altered to suit different national markets.
(E) The authorities who set standards for high-performance bicycle racing do not keep informed about innovative bicycle design.

echo-LUO · 发表于 2018-9-22 18:30:32

精炼：
高中生如果不爱上学了就辍学工作——>今年辍学率降低——>肯定是前两年加强高中士气起效果
weaken——>其他因素导致辍学率降低；证明morale不会降低辍学率
(A) There was a recession that caused a high level of unemployment in the city.——>不好就业，所以找不到工作，所以辍学率降低
(B) The morale of students who dropped out of high school had been low even before they reached high school.——>应该说的是为什么会有人数变化，无关
(C) As in the preceding year, more high school students remained in school than dropped out.——>无关
(D) High schools in the city established placement offices to assist their graduates in obtaining employment.——>无关
(E) The antidropout program was primarily aimed at improving students’ morale in those high school with the highest dropout rates.——>无关

逻辑链：
49.
X农业收成不好是因为新政府过于中心化的经济，而不是气候原因——>隔壁Y国，同样气候收成就挺好
weaken——>X和Y种的不是一个东西；Y的地形etc
(A) Industrial production also is declining in Country X.——>无关
(B) Whereas Country Y is landlocked, Country X has a major seaport.——>无关
(C) Both Country X and Country Y have been experiencing drought conditions.——>应该找不同，加强
(D) The crops that have always been grown in Country X are different from those that have always been grown in Country Y.——>农作物不一样，削弱
(E) Country X's new government instituted a centralized economy with the intention of ensuring an equitable distribution of goods.——>无关

50.
科学界都悦纳投身科研，有共同目的的科学家——>如果一个人转向大众传播，博取名声，会被厌弃
assumption： an expounder of science to general audiences就不是重要科研研究，对科学没有追求
(A) serious scientific research is not a solitary activity, but relies on active cooperation among a group of colleagues
(B) research scientists tend not to regard as colleagues those scientists whose renown they envy
(C) a scientist can become a famous popularizer without having completed any important research——>推广者没有重要研究，所以不招人待见
漏洞：稳重针对的是所有做科学传播获得名誉的科学家，但这里只说到了其中一部分
(D) research scientists believe that those who are well known as popularizers of science are not motivated to do important new research——>受大众欢迎的被认为没有动力去作新研究
(E) no important new research can be accessible to or accurately assessed by those who are not themselves scientists

51.
p部门20%销量，40%利润；c部门80%销量，60%利润
(A) Total dollar sales for each of the company's divisions have remained roughly constant.
(B) The pharmaceuticals division has faced stiffer competition in its markets than has the chemicals division.
(C) The chemicals division has realized lower profits per dollar of sales than has the pharmaceuticals division.——>单位利润，c<p
(D) The product mix offered by each of the company's divisions has remained unchanged.
(E) Highly profitable products accounted for a higher percentage of the chemicals division's sales than of those of the pharmaceuticals division.

云栈 · 发表于 2019-11-2 05:29:33

1. 24s
P：感觉自己没有在学校不会成功的高中生，往往在毕业前辍学去上班。
P：但是，去年，该市的高中辍学率明显低于上一年。
C: 表明两年前制定的提高高中生士气的计划已开始生效以减少辍学率。
推测：原题的因果关系为学校提高学生的士气导致辍学率下降。证明因果关系反了或者还有其他原因导致了这个结果。
选项分析：A
A: 失业率高说明学生不好找工作所以他们不会辍学
B：学生辍学前后的士气和他们是否会辍学没关系
C: 在校学生比辍学的多和原题没关系
D: 帮助已经毕业的学生找工作和辍学学生无关
E: 原题说的是城市的overall辍学率，不是某个学校的辍学率
2. 35s
P: 邻国Y经历了相同的气候条件，但是X国的农业生产一直在下降，而Y国却在增长。
C: 自从X国新政府上台以来，过度集中的经济而非气候的变化是X国农业生产不佳的原因。
推测：确实是天气影响了农作物产量；或者不是经济而是其他原因导致；比如两个城市种的东西不一样
选项分析：D

3. 43s
P: 通常，科学家进入其领域的目的是进行重要的新研究，并接受具有类似动机的科学家作为他们的同事。
P: 因此，当任何一位科学家通过向大众普及科学而获得声誉时，大多数其他科学家得出的结论是，不应将此普及者视为真正的同事。
推测：这些普及科学的人并不是跟那些科学家一起做调研的人；那些普及科学的人对research没有motivation
选项分析：D
【这道做错了，选了C，不仔细看题是硬伤】

4. 49s
P：一个公司的两个部门在过去三年中表现出了惊人的一致性：在那些年中，制药部门每年约占销售额的20％，利润占40％。
推测：化学division承包80%的sales和60%的profit；药理的利润高
选项分析：C

5. 48s
P: 自行车制造商的技术保守性反映了他们试图满足的各种需求。
P：唯一对创新有浓厚兴趣并愿意为此付出代价的自行车手是自行车赛车手。
C：因此，以自行车比赛为目的的自行车技术的创新受到当局所接受的标准的限制。
推测：科技改变带来的利润不高，但是对赛车手的提升大；如果制造商不愿意提高，赛车手也无法提高自行车科技
选项分析：C
【逻辑点没太懂，排除法得出的答案】

Lincy123 · 发表于 2020-5-7 22:11:20

P：去年辍学率降低
C：两年前的项目有效果
A）一个recession导致高的失业率。Correct
B）辍学学生的morale在高中之前就很低
C）近年来更多高中学生待在学校而不是辍学。无关
D）高中成立了办公室帮助学生就业。无关
E）这个项目最初着重在辍学了最高的高中，无关

P：隔壁Y遭到同样的气候条件，但农业生产上涨
C：是集中经济导致X不好的农业生产
A） X的工业生产也降低。无关
B）尽管Y landlocked， X有主要的港口。无关
C） X和Y都经理了干旱。无关
D） X和Y的农作物不同，correct
E） X的新政府发布了干涉商品分配的中央经济。无关

P：科学家接受类似动机的同事
C：受大众欢迎的科学家不再是真正的同事
Gap:受欢迎和doing important new research的关联
A）科学研究需要合作。无关
B）受到嫉妒的科学家不会被当作同事。
C）没有完成任何重要研究的科学家也可以非常受欢迎。取非 – 有完成重要研究的科学家也可受欢迎。跟new无关
D）有名的科学家没有动力做新研究。取非-有名的科学家有动力做新研究，weaken，correct
E）没有新研究可以精确地被哪些不是科学家的人取得。无关

每一年，药物部门占了20%的销售额，40%的利润，化学部门for the balance（80%销售额，60%利润）
Must be true：化学部门成本高
A）总销售额不变。无法推出
B）药物部门竞争更激烈。无法推出
C）化学部门的每一销售额利润比药物部门低。Correct
D）综合产品每年不变。无法推出
E）高利润产品在化学部门销售中占比高，无法推出

P：只有自行车比赛选手对自行车创新感兴趣而且愿意买单
C：自行车创新科技受到官方自行车比赛的标准限制
Gap：自行车比赛选手只对比赛的标准方面创新感兴趣
A）除非高性能比赛自行车市场扩增，便宜传统的自行车市场不会扩增。无关
B）自行车科技创新通常发生在小作坊，而不是大型制造工厂，无关
C）自行车比赛选手不会对比赛限制之外的创新感兴趣，correct
D）科技创新限制来源于他们想制造不会为了顺应不同国家市场而改造的产品。无关
E）指定标准的权威不会被告知创新的自行车设计。无关

第一次做对

[逻辑小分队] 【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-13】

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