【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-13】

jetyxo

1  25"  background:high school students who fell unsuccessful always drop out and go to work
          premise: last year the rate of students drop out declined
          conclusion: the methods used to improve morale of students have take effect
         weaken: there were other reason stop students to drop out--->A recession reduce the rate of drop out, because students who drop out school can not get a job easily
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2  22''  conclusion:iin X, overly centralized economic leads to poor agricultural production
           reason: the climat is the same in X as in Y,but  agricultural production in X decrease whereas increase in Y
          weaken: may be there was other difference  leads to these condition
        A  contrary to  premise; B --->may be weaken; C --suppot; E irrelevant    
        answer: D
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3 27"  background: scientist enter a science fiel with goal of doing important new research  and accept people with the same goal
         conclusion: when a scientist become popular , other scientist will not treat him as a colleague
         assumption: those scientist who become popular will lose  their goal of doing important research---->D
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4 17" background: two department:pharmaceuticals division ---20% sales   40% profits
                                                       chemical  division-----80% sales  60% profits
        what we can deduce from these data?------> pharmaceutical division is more profitable than chemical division--->C
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5  30"  background: the bicycle innovation conservatism --->market demand
          premise: the only demand in technological innovation is from the bycicle racers
          conclution: bicycle innovation is limited by the bycicle racers' demand
           assumption: the racers' demand on innovation are conservatism--->C

jiajiajudy

1. BG: HS feel not succeeding often drop out before graduating and go to work
Improve that morale begun to effect ?dropout rate lower than previous year’s rate
(A) There was a recession that caused a high level of unemployment in the city.
(B) Paradox
(C) paradox
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
2. BG: CE( not changes in the climate) responsible for the poor agriculture in X
Premise: Y has experienced the same climate, but production rising while X diminishing
(A) irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) The crops that have always been grown in Country X are different from those that have always been grown in Country Y.
(E) irrelevant
3. BG: scientist enter field with goal of doing important new research & accept as their colleagues those with similar motivation
Conclusion: when renown? no longer as a true colleague
A) serious scientific research is not a solitary activity, but relies on active cooperation among a group of colleagues
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
4. BG: two divisions performed with remarkable consistency
Premise: pharmaceutical 20% sales, 40% profits
            Chemical balance
(A) Total dollar sales for each of the company's divisions have remained roughly constant.
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
5. BG: tech conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of demand they meet
Premise: innovation & willing to pay are bicycle racers
Conclusion: tech is limited by the accept of authorities for purposes of competition
(A) irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) Bicycle racers do not generate a strong demand for innovations that fall outside what is officially recognized as standard for purposes of competition.
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant

angelafeng

罪过啊，好几天没做逻辑了。。。

【精练】
2. 30s

Background information：High school students who feel that they are not succeeding in high school often drop out before graduating and go to work.

Premise：Last year, however, the city’s high school dropout rate was significantly lower than the previous year’s rate.

Conclusion：This is encouraging evidence that the program instituted two years ago to improve the morale of high school students has begun to take effect to reduce dropouts.
prephrase：（weaken）；last year, the city’s joblessness leaded to high students prefer to stay in school rather than find a job.

Answer：A

(A) There was a recession that caused a high level
of unemployment in the city.------------correct
(B) The morale of students who dropped out of
high school had been low even before they
reached high school.-------------this cannot weaken the argument
(C) As in the preceding year, more high school
students remained in school than dropped
out.------------------------this has no relation with the dropout rate.
(D) High schools in the city established placement
offices to assist their graduates in obtaining
employment.---------------irrelevant
(E) The antidropout program was primarily aimed
at improving students’ morale in those high
school with the highest dropout rates.------------------support

【逻辑链】
49.41s
premise :  Neighboring Country Y has experienced the same climatic conditions, agricultural production has been falling in Country X, it has been rising in Country Y.

Conclusion: An overly centralized economy, not the changes in the climate, is responsible for the poor agricultural production in Country X since its new government came to power.
prephrase: (weaken) country x plant different crops from country Y’s.
answer

50.30S
premise :Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept as their colleagues those with similar motivation.  

Conclusion: when any scientist wins renown as an expounder of science to general audiences, most other scientists conclude that this popularizer should no longer be regarded as a true colleague.
prephrase: (assume)

Answer

51. 25S
premise: A company's two divisions performed with remarkable consistency over the past three years:  in each of those years, the pharmaceuticals division has accounted for roughly 20 percent of dollar sales and 40 percent of profits, and the chemicals division for the balance.
answer:C

52. 26S
premise: The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet.  The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers.

Conclusion: innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.
prephrase: (assumption)

Answer:C

LuckyYolandaLi

1.
1）计时：38s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: High school students who feel that they are not succeeding in high school often drop out before graduating and go to work.
Premise: Last year, the city’s high school dropout rate was significantly lower than the previous year’s rate.
Conclusion: the program instituted two years ago to improve the morale of high school students has begun to take effect to reduce dropouts.
3）推测：If the program would take effect, it would do as soon as it was instituted
4）选项分析：选A
A: Correct.不太确定，the students who want to drop out of high school cannot find a job, so they remain in school.
B: Irrelevant.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Irrelevant.
E: Irrelevant.

2.
1）计时：
2）逻辑链：
Premise:  Neighboring Country Y has experienced the same climatic conditions, but while agricultural production has been falling in Country X, it has been rising in Country Y.
Conclusion: An overly centralized economy, not the changes in the climate, is responsible for the poor agricultural production in Country X since its new government came to power.
3）推测：The same climatic conditions can take different effects in different countries.
4）选项分析：选D
A: Irrelevant或strengthen.
B: Irrelevant。。。有点犹豫
C: Strengthen.
D: Correct.
E: Irrelevant.

3.
1）计时：45s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: Generally scientists enter their field with the goal of doing important new research and accept as their colleagues those with similar motivation.
Conclusion: when any scientist wins renown as an expounder of science to general audiences, most other scientists conclude that this popularizer should no longer be regarded as a true colleague.
3）推测：Scientists who have won renown will no longer have a goal of doing important new research.
4）选项分析：选D

4.
1）计时：25s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: A company's two divisions performed with remarkable consistency over the past three years:  in each of those years, the pharmaceuticals division has accounted for roughly 20 percent of dollar sales and 40 percent of profits, and the chemicals division for the balance.
3）推测：The chemicals division has accounted for roughly 80 percent of dollar sales and 60 percent of profits in each of those three years.
4）选项分析：选C
A: Only two divisions have been mentioned in the passage. Maybe the company has other divisions.
C: Correct.

5.
1）计时：45s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet.
Premise: The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers.
Conclusion: Innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.
3）推测：The cyclists are willing to pay for innovation which can make their bicycle fit the competition more.
4）选项分析：选C

cleotina

45''
weaken
b: 1,if students feel they will not success in high school often drop out
  2, last year the drop out rate decrease a lot compare with before
P: it is because the peogram to inprove the morale of hith school studem.
guessther factors lead to this result for example: the examtion is easier than before
OA : A
BCD: I
E:strong

35''
weaken
B: country X and country y with the same climate condition. the agriculture production in X decline since the new government came to power while the production in Y are rising.
C: it because the overlu centralized economy since the new governor
guess: x cultivate more kind of agriculture and Y only focus on one.
OA: D
ABC: Irrelevant
E: strong

40''
assume
B: 1.scients with the aim to doing important new research accept their colleague with the similar motivation.
  2 if a scient win the reputation from repeat others theory and show in the public
C: for this person they will no longer concern him a true colleague
Guess: they have no energy to focus on the new study
      they tend to fulfill with the superficial seccess
OA
a: weaken, but not concern with the condition 1
others: Irrelevant


30''
infer
1: two departments in one company
2: P account for 20 % sales and 40% perfits. the other  for the balance
Guess: the per sales has a higher profits in department P
OA: C
B: infer too much need the imformation out of the scope
others: wrong

38''
1: innovation in order to meet the consumer's need
2: the only group the innovation is the racer
C: innovation should focus on the purpose of compitation  
guess: assume that the racer's all need is compitation, mayby they also like bycicly in the daily life
OA: c
others: irrelevant

Donts

1.计时34”
premise:students who think themselves as failed in high school will drop out and go to work. two years ago, a program was insitituted to help solve this problem. the rate of dropout decrease.conclusion:the program begins to take effect.
推测：别的原因造成rate decrease/rate decrease和program之间没有联系
(A) There was a recession that caused a high level
of unemployment in the city.无法找到工作，所以回来读书，别的原因导致。正确。
(B) The morale of students who dropped out of
high school had been low even before they
reached high school.与现象舒缓没有关系。
(C) As in the preceding year, more high school
students remained in school than dropped
out.只是paraphrase了其中一个premise
(D) High schools in the city established placement
offices to assist their graduates in obtaining
employment.虽然有点像A选项，但是它的前提是，工作是这些学生辍学的理由，所以一旦工作有保障，学生就愿意读书，其实不然。而A的合理在于它没有说就业是学生辍学的理由，反之只是说学生找不到工作，只好回到学校。
(E) The antidropout program was primarily aimed
at improving students’ morale in those high
school with the highest dropout rates.与program实施的学校范围无关。
选择A
总结：觉得自己对D的排除方法比bible的要好。

TICKCOCK

逻辑小分队  8月12日  【1-13】
1.    high school students who feel that they are not succeeding in high school often drop out before graduating and go to work.
Premise: last year, the dropout rate is lower than before.
Conclusion: the program began 2 years ago works.
Prophase: others reasons caused rate down
Answer: A

2.    remise: neighboring country Y has experienced the same climatic condition as Country X.  While the production rises.
Conclusion: an overly centralized, not the changes in climate, is responsible for the poor production.
Prophase: plants in two country are different.
Answer: D

3.    没看懂。
Answer: D

4.    in previous 3 years. Pharmaceuticals accounted for 20 percent of dollar sales and 40 percent of profits. And the chemicals division for the balance.
Answer: C

5.    the technological conservatism of bicycle manufactures is a reflection of the kind of demand they are trying to meet.
Premise: The only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are bicycle racers.
Conclusion: innovation in bicycle is limited by what authority would accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.
Answer: C

wanggang0411

1 32
Background: Most students who feel that they can not succeed in school will drop out before graduating and go to work;
Premise: The drop out rate is lower significantly than previous year.
conclusion: The program instituted to improve the morale of students take effect to reduce dropouts.
Weaken: How about there are some other factors caused this effect?

2 35
Conclusion: Centralized economy, not the changes in climates, caused the poor agricultural production X.
Premise: Country Y experienced as same climates changes as Country Y, but its agricultural rasied.
Weaken: To weaken this argument, Any answer choice points out that there are other factors caused the agriculural raising in country Y but not in country Y is a correct answer.
Answer D: The crops grown in country X is different with the crops grown in country Y.

3 more than 3 minutes
Premise: Scientists accept those with the goal of doing important research as their colleagues.
Conlucsion: Scientists who win renown as an expounder of science to general audiences will not be accpeted as true colleages by other scientists.
Inference: The scientists assume that the motivation of those popularizer become different.
Answer D

4 33
Fact sets: Pharmaceuticals division has accounted for roughly 20% of dollar sales and 40% of profits.
Fact sets: The chemical division for the balance.
Answer C: Chemical division accounted for 80% of dollar sales and 60% of profits.

5 37

Premise: The only people who insterests in innovation of bicycle is bicycle racer.
Premise: The conservatism of innovation reflects the demand that need to be met.
Conclusion: The innovation of bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accpet as standard of bicycle races.
Assumption: The innovation will only be really required by bicycle racers when the autorities accpet it as the standard of bicycle races.
Answer C

chengzaaaa

2.
1)28”weaken
2)BI: if high school kid are feeling that they are not succeeding high school, they would drop out before graduating.
P: last year, the dropout rate was lower than the previous year
C: the program that was aimed to improve morale is taking effect to reduce dropout rate.
3)this year’s students are smarter or of higher quality
4)A
5)A. correct. Kids who want to drop out could not find a job, so they stayed.
B. no direct linking between morale and drop out rate
C. irrelevant comparison
D. helping to get a job is the opposite of the program
E. sort of supporting.

49.
1)17”weaken
2)BI:
P: Y experienced the same climate as X does, and the production is rising.
C: the economy is the cause of the poor agricultural production in X, not the climate.
3)other factors caused Y’s rising production
D

50.
1)33”assumption
2)scientists all want to do important new research and accept as their coworkers those with similar motivation.
When a scientist win a reward, others no longer see him/her as a true colleague.
3)when they win, they are no longer motivated to do new research
D

51.
1)19”infer
2)2 divisions. Past 3 years.
P 20%(sales) 40%(profits)
C 80%(sales) 60%(profits)
3)
C

52.
1)23”assumption
2)only cyclists seriously interested in innovation and willing to pay for it are racers.
?innovation of bikes is limited by competition purposes.
3)
C



谢谢lz！！！

我心匪席

Time: 27”
Background Information: Not succeeding in high school, students will drop out the school.
Premise: Last year, the dropout rate was lower than that of previous year.
Conclusion: Programs improve the moral of high school.
Prephase: Students feel more interested in high school.
A-----right weaken
B-----irrelevant
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant
================================================

Time: 23”
Premise: Y has similar climatic conditions, the agricultural production has been falling in X, it has been rising in Y.
Conclusion: Centralized economy, not the climate, caused poor agricultural production in X.
Prephase: The circumstance for agricultural production growing is different.
A-----irrelevant
B-----right weaken
C-----irrelevant
D-----irrelevant (right)
E-----irrelevant
过度推理了
=================================================

Time: 30”
Background Information: Scientists with goal of doing important new research can be accepted by their colleagues with similar motivation.
Premise: Scientists win renown.
Conclusion: Such scientists cannot be regarded as a true colleague.
Prephase: Such scientists cannot do important new research work.
A-----irrelevant
B-----irrelevant
C-----irrelevant
D-----right
E-----irrelevant
==============================================

Time: 21”
Background Information: Pharmaceuticals division has accounted for roughly 20 percent of dollar sales and 40 percent of profits, and the chemicals division for the balance.
A-----irrelevant
B-----irrelevant
C-----right
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant
===============================================

Time: 26”
Background Information: The technological conservatism of bicycle manufacturers is a reflection of the kinds of demand they are trying to meet.
Premise: Bicycle racers are interested in innovation and will pay for it.
Conclusion: innovation in bicycle technology is limited by what authorities will accept as standard for purposes of competition in bicycle races.
Prephase: Such scientists cannot do important new research work.
A-----irrelevant
B-----irrelevant
C-----right
D-----irrelevant
E-----irrelevant