以下是引用cefs99在2005-5-25 15:19:00的发言: The population of bird F declined between 1950-1960 and reached an all-time low in 1970. This declination was attributed by scientist to the widespread use of DDT in rural areas.
Which of the following best support above claim made by the scientist?
A. DDT was not generally in use in areas devoted to heavy industry.
B. In the time since the use of DDT was banned in 1972, the population of F has been steadily increasing.
C. F, like other birds, abondon eggs in the nests even if the eggs remain intact.
D. Other birds that F prey on were not adversefly affected by DDT in the same area.
E. Other birds that similiar to F are found in the same area as the F.
结论是:F数量下降=〉科学家认为是DDT的使用所导致的。
逆否命题:不使用DDT=〉F数量不下降或上升。
所以答案是 B
本题我觉得用的是lawyer说的“无因无果”的加强方式(即没有DDT,就没有数量的下降),而不是逆否命题的方式。本题的因果关系为:DDT-->数量下降(有因有果),其逆否命题应该是:数量不下降-->不是DDT导致的。
但是本题我对D还是有些疑问。B毫无疑问是一个加强,但D某种程度不也是加强吗?--F的食物没有受DDT影响,也就排除了F因为食物量下降而数量减少的他因啊。到底是要排除所有他因才算加强呢,还是排除某个他因就算加强啊?
试试用lawyer“具体的特殊的结论”来分析一下:本题结论是--DDT导致F数量下降。所以信息点是DDT和F,是DDT直接导致F数量下降。而答案D中只出现了DDT,而没有出现F(但是出现了F的食物呀)……还是有点糊涂。 |