GWD6-6

happyfish0517

以下是引用ring_cheng在2005-3-29 14:01:00的发言：

B  New discoveries indicating that Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct

C  Additional evidence indicating that widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras

C虽然指出在the end of era之前/之后都发生过widespread climatic change，但是文中并没有完全说明“之前/之后的气候”与“动物灭绝”的关系：如果之前/之后气候变化，动物也灭绝，那么气候变化就可能是原因；如果之前/之后气候变化而动物没有灭绝，那么气候变化则可能不是原因。所以C选项其实对于反驳K对M的反驳是可以起到正反两方面的作用的。

B虽然没有完全证明“人是首要原因而非次原因”，但其正确指出了“人对动物的使用”以及“动物灭绝”的关系，因此要比C好一些（也只是比C好一些而已）。

我觉得这道题目出得不严密，B和C都不是太好，（当然，其他答案更不对）。

我的看法和cheng的有些类似：

C、说这之前也发生过气候变化，但是万一之前的气候变化也导致过物种灭绝，那么说明气候变化这个因素还是存在的，起不到削弱K的意见的作用；

B、文中与B相呼应的原文是不完全否定，disappeared, presumably not all through human consumption，，并没有否认人们的consumption对这些东东的灭绝有影响，B中说人们有consume这些东东...削弱的程度不大，但是我认为比C好一些吧...

so,虽然我做题时是选的C，现在我倾向支持B...

susan-susan

以下是引用流沙在2004-10-5 20:34:00的发言：

og里面有一道削弱题，大意是关于环境污染的，说现在检查出有病的人比去年少。有官员认为是因为种了树使得水源质量提高。它的正确答案是今年使用的仪器使去年诊断为得病得人确诊是误诊。

这道题目得a选项内容是，过去5年确实种了很多树（大意如此）。ets就认为这个是加强。

和这道题目非常类似，我当初想了很久所以记得很清楚。可惜记不得题号

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再补充一点，这个是我当初选b的原因。我觉得气候变化之类的东东其实并不在文章一开始提出的理论范围内。文章一开始说的很清楚，他的理论是人对动物灭绝起绝对作用。

支持B。 我把流沙提到的这道题目就是OG的29题。

29. The number of people diagnosed as having a certain intestinal disease has dropped significantly in a rural county this year, as compared to last year. Health officials attribute this decrease entirely to improved sanitary conditions at water-treatment plants, which made for cleaner water this year and thus reduced the incidence of the disease.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the health officials’ explanation for the lower
incidence of the disease?
A. Many new water-treatment plants have been built in the last five years in the rural county.
B. Bottled spring water has not been consumed in significantly different quantities by people diagnosed as having the intestinal disease, as compared to people who did not contract the disease.
C. Because of a new diagnostic technique, many people who until this year would have been diagnosed as having the intestinal disease are now correctly diagnosed as suffering from intestinal ulcers.
D. Because of medical advances this year, far fewer people who contract the intestinal disease will develop severe cases of the disease.
E. The water in the rural county was brought up to the sanitary standards of the water in neighboring counties
ten years ago.

ETS的解释

The health officials’ explanation assumes that the decrease in the number of people diagnosed with the disease accurately reflects a diminution in cases of the disease. By pointing out that this assumption is false, C undermines the officials’ explanation and thus is the best answer. Since A supports the view that sanitary conditions have been improving, it tends to support the officials’ explanation. B also tends to support the officials’ explanation, because it eliminates a factor that might have differentiated between those contracting and those not contracting the disease and thus rules out an alternative explanation. The reduction of the severity of the diagnosed cases does not bear on the officials’ explanation. So D is not correct. Since the standards in neighboring counties might themselves have been inadequate, E does not weaken the officials’ explanation.

对比一下两道题目，觉得真的是很接近。

Nor were extinctions confined to large

(15)       animals:  small animals, plants, and

insects disappeared, presumably not

           all through human consumption.

K认为，当时不仅仅是large animals灭亡了，还有small animals, plants, and insects ，K推测，总不可能这些都是因为human consumption。

B.New discoveries indicating that Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct 。 正像ETS解释29一样，pointing out that this assumption is false。

C.Additional evidence indicating that widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras。 按照ETS解释29 A选项一样,此选项为加强。  

susan-susan

可能会觉得C选项和OG29的A选项的语气有所区别，但是思路还是一致的。

evelyndream

不如交給lawyer_1請他來解看看覺得那一項是最削弱的吧

我選C 因為K也知道是有人類吃小動物的 not all human, K並不否認 所以B起不了削弱作用

但是 C就否定了天氣  不會是滅絕的主因  因為早就發生天氣不好了  因此削弱了K支持M

ziwingfong

不如交給lawyer_1請他來解看看覺得那一項是最削弱的吧

好注意！

温弗雷德

现在还找得到laywer_1？他好久没上来了，我同意B，明确反对，跟OG上的那题一个样子

wayne8888

哈哈，快晕了，一道阅读题快成逻辑题了，做GWD快做疯了，希望考试时不会遇上这样的题。

Lucky0506

我的浅见：

首先要准确理解原文的意思。

原文说：

Shepard Krech points out that large

animal species vanished even in areas

where there is no evidence to demon-

strate that Paleoindians hunted them.

Nor were extinctions confined to large

(15)     animals:  small animals, plants, and

insects disappeared, presumably not all through human consumption.

我觉得原文有这样一种意思：你们觉得是因为人类的hunting & consumption导致extinction是吧？那为什么这些人类一般情况下不hunt or consume 的东西也die out了呢？特别是谈到insect的时候，我觉得更多的有一种讽刺的意味在里面。

那么隐含的意思就是说：人们根本就不会去consume这些东西啊。

B选项正好指出会！所以是答案。

而对于c选项来说：原文只说did indeed occur at the end of the Pleistocene，其实仅仅是强调有可能存在climate change的影响。但是并没有说就是climate change就仅仅发生了一次。  而C选项 "widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras". 却assume K说的是仅仅一次。

而且，以前发生过并不代表这次不能发生啊？并且文章也没有说extinction只有一次呢！

Open for discussion.

伊彤

support c

shocking

自己做的时候选的B，不过做完后检查时觉得C, E都可以，C比较直接，容易理解，E要引申一下才能解释。