关于Ving用法—og12 sc 中21和og25比较，有点迷惑了

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-1-23 15:28:51

21 Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language. (A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are (B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, (E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood 正确答案是A，而D,El两个选项，首先错误是使句子逻辑重心发生变化，其次是Ving放在主谓宾结构之后，与谓语动词同时发生表伴随，此时用现在时修饰现在完成时的主句是错误的 在og sc 25中 Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, “the good goddess.” (A) Based on accounts of various ancient writers, (B) Basing it on various ancient writers’ accounts, (C) With accounts of various ancient writers used for a basis, (D) By the accounts of various ancient writers they used, (E) Using accounts of various ancient writers 正确答案是是E，using accounts of various ancient writers，主句中是scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities 这样是矛盾了么，还是using accounts of various ancient writers,仅仅就只修饰scholars吗？？还是using accounts of various ancient writers 是一个方式状语，并不要求从句时态与主句时态一致？？求解！！

monsterjane · 发表于 2015-7-22 18:07:56

这个这个帖子耍了我一下午。。。
感觉自己都得到了升华

论坛字太小，自己就把一些局的值得看的都复制到word上放大看，顺便就贴上来好了~
最后来句，baby姐！哎老虎油！

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-1-23 15:36:28

我多想了，og 12 sc 25中说道  the underlined phrase is a modifier .it functions as an adjective to describe the noun that immediatly modifiers scholars，囧o(╯□╰)o

ainiAnnie · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:15:53

不存在矛盾呀~你的解释也给了我启发~谢~

ptlove4ever · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:23:25

以下是我的个人观点 第1题：DE还有一个很重要的错误：句子中有两个动词：have 和 are，但两动词之间没有连词 另外AB只是用having…作为伴随状语接在主语之后，至于你说的“此时用现在时修饰现在完成时的主句是错误的”，我觉得没有道理，语法上并无这样的规定。 第2题，Using accounts…是独立主格，必须与句子主语相对应，独立主格都是以v.ing或者v.的过去分词来引导的，这和时态没有关系。如果是主语主动做某事，就用v.ing；如果是主语被动做某事，就用v.过去分词 最后，1、2题都是在考伴随状语，不存在矛盾。

babybearmm · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:30:44

suridd，你举的都不矛盾的 咱从头说起，v-ing作为modifier，有两种，一种是noun modifier，一种是adverbial modifier，前者遵从touch rule（一般说来noun modifier都遵从touch rule）。 如果v-ing放在句首，那么就必然是作为noun modifier，修饰——主语（必然的，遵从touch rule，最近的noun当然是主语啦）。你给出的第二个例句: "Using ..., scholars ...."就是很典型的例子，"using ..."作为noun modifier，修饰scholars. 再看你的第一个例子： Neuroscientists, V-ing, verb + object. 这句话，v-ing也必然是noun modifier。为什么？ 你想啊，假如你当它是adverbial modifier，来修饰一个完整的句子(entire action)的话，在这里不存在，对不对？v-ing前面仅仅只有一个名词neuroscientists，并不存在一个clause (entire action)。而这句话"主谓宾"，v-ing插在了主语和谓语之间，破坏了这个“主谓宾”的intactness，所以不能作为adverbial modifier，而应该作为noun modifier，就说是插入成分，来描述这个主语。 

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21 Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language. (A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are (B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, (E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood 正确答案是A，而D,El两个选项，首先错误是使句子逻辑重心发生变化，其次是Ving放在主谓宾结构之后，与谓语动词同时发生表伴随，此时用现在时修饰现在完成时的主句是错误的 在og sc 25中 Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, “the good goddess.” (A) Based on accounts of various ancient writers, (B) Basing it on various ancient writers’ accounts, (C) With accounts of various ancient writers used for a basis, (D) By the accounts of various ancient writers they used, (E) Using accounts of various ancient writers 正确答案是是E，using accounts of various ancient writers，主句中是scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities 这样是矛盾了么，还是using accounts of various ancient writers,仅仅就只修饰scholars吗？？还是using accounts of various ancient writers 是一个方式状语，并不要求从句时态与主句时态一致？？求解！！<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/23 15:28:51)</div> 
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Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:41:36

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suridd，你举的都不矛盾的 咱从头说起，再看你的第一个例子： Neuroscientists, V-ing, verb + object. 这句话，v-ing也必然是noun modifier。为什么？ 你想啊，假如你当它是adverbial modifier，来修饰一个完整的句子(entire action)的话，在这里不存在，对不对？v-ing前面仅仅只有一个名词neuroscientists，并不存在一个clause (entire action)。而这句话"主谓宾"，v-ing插在了主语和谓语之间，破坏了这个“主谓宾”的intactness，所以不能作为adverbial modifier，而应该作为noun modifier，就说是插入成分，来描述这个主语。 

<div class="maxcode-quote">
21 Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language. (A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are (B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are (D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, (E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood 正确答案是A，而D,El两个选项，首先错误是使句子逻辑重心发生变化，其次是Ving放在主谓宾结构之后，与谓语动词同时发生表伴随，此时用现在时修饰现在完成时的主句是错误的 在og sc 25中 Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, “the good goddess.” (A) Based on accounts of various ancient writers, (B) Basing it on various ancient writers’ accounts, (C) With accounts of various ancient writers used for a basis, (D) By the accounts of various ancient writers they used, (E) Using accounts of various ancient writers 正确答案是是E，using accounts of various ancient writers，主句中是scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities 这样是矛盾了么，还是using accounts of various ancient writers,仅仅就只修饰scholars吗？？还是using accounts of various ancient writers 是一个方式状语，并不要求从句时态与主句时态一致？？求解！！<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 Suri在奋斗 (2012/1/23 15:28:51)</div> 
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<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 13:30:44)</div> 
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恩恩，这是我很十多天发的一个后来弄明白呢，今天又被顶上来，收获还是很大的 v-ing作为modifier，有两种，一种是noun modifier，一种是adverbial modifier，前者遵从touch rule（一般说来noun modifier都遵从touch rule）。 如果v-ing放在句首，那么就必然是作为noun modifier，修饰——主语（必然的，遵从touch rule，最近的noun当然是主语啦）。你给出的第二个例句: "Using ..., scholars ...."就是很典型的例子，"using ..."作为noun modifier，修饰scholars. 恩恩 doing/done,svo    noun modifier注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致 介词/连词+doing/done,svo   注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致 svo,doing   adverbial modifier 这时候如果表伴随，要注意伴随的动词时态要一致  用现在时来修饰完成时错误

babybearmm · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:47:36

赞~总结的不错 "介词/连词+doing/done,svo   注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致" 这么说很好~~其实这种情况，doing前面有介词(e.g.with)的时候，这部分既可能是noun modifier修饰主语，也可能是adverbial modifier（状语前置）修饰全句，但不管哪种情况，逻辑主语都跟S一致，你总结没错。 再加上：如果v-ing为于句子“内部”，前面没逗号，那肯定是noun modifier，修饰preceding noun

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:53:13

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以下是我的个人观点 第1题：DE还有一个很重要的错误：句子中有两个动词：have 和 are，但两动词之间没有连词 另外AB只是用having…作为伴随状语接在主语之后，至于你说的“此时用现在时修饰现在完成时的主句是错误的”，我觉得没有道理，语法上并无这样的规定。 第2题，Using accounts…是独立主格，必须与句子主语相对应，独立主格都是以v.ing或者v.的过去分词来引导的，这和时态没有关系。如果是主语主动做某事，就用v.ing；如果是主语被动做某事，就用v.过去分词 最后，1、2题都是在考伴随状语，不存在矛盾。<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 ptlove4ever (2012/2/3 13:23:25)</div> 
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这是og21，不好意思，木有划横线，划横线的是一直到now drawing之前 然后AB的话如baby姐姐来说的话还是noun modifier修饰主语 S，having/done,v 而25题中的using···不是独立主格   独立主格结构放在句首或句尾，起状语作用，表伴随原因﹑条件﹑状态等 1)一般独立主格,与主句形成松散的逻辑关系，与主句描述动作、状态同时发生或存在，形式为: n．+ n.; n. + -ed/ing 形式; n. + 介词短语;n. +形容词短语 需要有代词来引导，表明和主句不一样的主语， 2)with 型独立主格,与主句形成紧密的逻辑联系,形式为: 由“with＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随，修饰邻近分句主语，with后面宾语为与主语相关的东西。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当。 例：Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline. 3)each型独立主格,强调句尾名词,形式为: 句子 + 复数名词结尾, each + 介词短语/形容词短语/-ed形式/-ing 形式。

Suri在奋斗 · 发表于 2012-2-3 13:55:40

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赞~总结的不错 "介词/连词+doing/done,svo   注意分词的逻辑主语与s一致" 这么说很好~~其实这种情况，doing前面有介词(e.g.with)的时候，这部分既可能是noun modifier修饰主语，也可能是adverbial modifier（状语前置）修饰全句，但不管哪种情况，逻辑主语都跟S一致，你总结没错。 再加上：如果v-ing为于句子“内部”，前面没逗号，那肯定是noun modifier，修饰preceding noun<div style="text-align:right;">-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/2/3 13:47:36)</div> 
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恩恩，还有一点是  n+having  done错误，但n,having可以哇，这点也很重要

费兰明高 · 发表于 2012-2-5 10:58:26

我顺便顶上来问问，SC25中A选项，Based on 为什么不对啊？因为逻辑主语错误么？

关于Ving用法—og12 sc 中21和og25比较，有点迷惑了

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