【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-14】

jetyxo

1  45"  premise: a new anticollision  device was used by airplane last two years,at the same time ,the disappearance of information  about altitude and speed from the screan became more offen
          conclusion: the new anticollosion lead to the disappearance
         weaken:A CD irrelevant  B support  
         answer D weaken,disappearance bagan before applying  the new device
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2 22"  background: when a test is conceived as inconclusive, it has no effect on examinee
                               this judgement means the test can not show the examinee was truthful or not
              fact:  some employers will refuse the employee by these test result
          conclusion?
            A  -->unknown  may be truthful or not
            B---->should use thes method or not can not be decided, because there is no standard to judge
            C--->right
            D---> the topic is talk about the test which be judged incouclusive ,so we don't know how about other test
            E---> unknown
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3  19"   premise:the same species birds bulid their nest in different way
             conclusion: the birds learn the building skill culturally,not genetically
              AC weaken  DE irrelevant   answer--->B
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4  58"  background: goverment want to rebulid the rail line to improve ridership, and they plan to finance this project by raising the toll of two highway bridges along the rail line
   some people think that this finance will fail ,because people are not likely to pay for sth from which they can not get profits
   A B Eirrelevant; C just postpone the increase  D,will weaken the effect if 20% ridership go another way
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5  22"  background: corps can trade before harvest, and poor production--->high price, bountiful production-->low price
          premise: the meteorologists  predict much-needed rain for the corn-growing region ,the rain is very important for the crop growth,
           conclusion: the crop price will be low
         weaken: May be rain will be too serious to harm the crop harvest
        answer  disease will lead to  poor harvest --->lead to high price

jiajiajudy

第四题不太明白啊，求解释，我觉得A 也是可以的

1. BG: equipped with new anticollision has increased
Premise: key information about altitude and speed to disappear
Conclusion: responsible for sudden disappearance of key information
(A) Irrelevant
(B) no strong enough
(C) irrelevant
(D) Key information began disappearing from controllers’ screens three months before the new anti-collision device was first tested.
(E)  Irrelevant
2. Premise: PT inconclusive? no reflection on the examinee
Premise: inconclusive means fail to show truthful or untruthful
Conclusion: refuse to hire because of inconclusive
(A) irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) An inconclusive polygraph test result is sometimes unfairly held against the examinee.
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
3. BG: Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests or bowers.
Premise: differ. Local of same species exhibit direr. Building and decorative styles.
Conclusion: culturally acquired rather thn genetically transmitted, trait.
(A) irrelevant
(B) Young male bowerbirds are inept at bowerbuilding and apparently spend years watching their elders before becoming accomplished in the local bower style.
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
4. Premise:  finance these improvements by raising automobile tolls
Conclusion: force drivers to absorb the cost? should be reject
(A) Before the authority increases tolls on any of the area bridges, it is required by law to hold public hearings at which objections to the proposed increase can be raised.
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) irrelevant
(E) irrelevant
5. BG: crops can be traded before harvest
Premise: poor? $ raise, bountiful? $ down
Conclusion: much-needed rain? $ down
Rephrase: too much rain? dead? $ raise
(A) irrelevant
(B) irrelevant
(C) irrelevant
(D) Agriculture experts announced today that a disease that has devastated some of the corn crop will spread widely before the end of the growing season.
(E) irrelevant

LuckyYolandaLi

1.
1）计时：42s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: The number of airplanes equipped with a new anticollision device has increased steadily during the past two years.
Premise: During the same period, it has become increasingly common for key information about an airplane’s altitude and speed to disappear suddenly from air traffic controllers’ screens.
Conclusion: The new anticollision device, which operates at the same frequency as air traffic radar, is responsible for the sudden disappearance of key information.
3）推测：Other factors may exist to explain the sudden disappearance of key information.
4）选项分析：选D
A: Irrelevant.
B: Strengthen.
C: We don’t know what will happen after the device is moved to a different frequency.
D: Correct.
E: Irrelevant.


2.
1）计时：31s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee. Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful. Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful.
Premise: employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.
3）推测：The applicants may be incorrectly judged by the employers.
4）选项分析：选C
A: Most untruthful——not mentioned.
B: 觉得也有点道理，但又觉得没有C好，不知道为什么不选，是因为should吗？
C: Correct.
D: 觉得也有点道理，不太确定不选的原因。。。
E: Refused to consider——not mentioned.


3.
1）计时：36s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers.
Premise: different local populations of bowerbirds of the same species build bowers that exhibit different building and decorative styles.
Conclusion: researchers have concluded that the bowerbirds' building styles are a culturally acquired, rather than a genetically transmitted, trait.
3）推测：The same local populations of bowerbirds build bowers that exhibit the same building and decorative styles.
4）选项分析：选B
A: 这个也有点像。。。
B: Correct.
C: Weaken.
D: Irrelevant
E: Irrelevant.


4.
1）计时：84s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: According to the Tristate Transportation Authority, making certain improvements to the main commuter rail line would increase ridership dramatically.
Concession: the proposed improvements are indeed needed
Premise: The authority plans to finance these improvements over the course of five years by raising automobile tolls on the two highway bridges along the route the rail line serves. It would unfairly force drivers to absorb the entire cost of something from which they receive no benefit.
Conclusion: the authority's plan for securing the necessary funds should be rejected
3）推测：Drivers may no longer drive through the highway bridge.
4）选项分析：选C（正确答案：D）
B: Correct.不太确定。。。
D: 20% is such a small proportion.
E: Irrelevant.


5.
1）计时：44s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: Crops can be traded on the futures market before they are harvested.  If a poor corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures rise; if a bountiful corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures fall.
Premise: This morning meteorologists are predicting much-needed rain for the corn-growing region starting tomorrow. Adequate moisture is essential for the current crop's survival.
Conclusion: prices of corn futures will fall sharply today.
3）推测：
4）选项分析：选D
A: 刚开始觉得这个也有点对。。。
B: Irrelevant.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Correct.
E: Irrelevant.

cleotina

weaken
1 the number of airplanes equipment a new anticollision devices has increased
2 during the same period, it has become increasingly common for key information about the altitude and speed to disppear suddenly in the screens
C: the new device responsible for this iccidents
Guessther effectors lead to this
OA: D
B: strong
others: irrelevant

33''
conclusion
1 some of the time the polygraph inconslusive
2 this may means that the test taker has failed to show the truthful or untruthful
3 sometimes, employers refused to hire this kind of person
guess:
someone not tell lie may suffer from this
employer tend to choose the man with result
OA: C  it is unfair sometimes
others: wrong

46''
strong
1: bird built nests with different style
C: this mean that the building nest ability is aquisite from others, not a genetically transmitted
guess: if a bird never sew others built a nest, it can not do it.

oa: B
others: irrelevant

1'38(回视)
weaken
1：making certain improvement to the main commuter rail line would increase rideship dramatically.
2 the authority plans to finance these inprovenments over the five years by raising automobile toll on the two highway bridges along the route the rail line serves.
C: they will not success, since for the drivers, it is no benifits for them
Guess:they have other choices to avoid the toll


OA: D  
others: not strong enough

40''
weaken
1: corn could be sell before reap
2; the price is determined by the predict of whether the corn harvest
3: since there is a rian that is vital for the survial of corn.
4: so the price will fall sharply tomorrow
weaken: the predict rain is too much, it is not good for the corn
people all know that the wether report is not precise

OA : D

angelafeng

【精练】
1. 40s

Background information：The number of airplanes equipped with a new anticollision device has increased steadily during the past two years.

Premise: During the same period, it has become increasingly common for key information about an airplane’s altitude and speed to disappear suddenly from air traffic controllers’ screens. The new anticollision device operates at the same frequency as air traffic radar

Conclusion: The new anticollision device is responsible for the sudden disappearance of key information.
prephrase: (weaken) 想不出来。。。

Answer：D
(A) The new anticollision device has already
prevented a considerable number of mid-air
collisions.------------irrelevant
(B) It was not until the new anticollision device
was introduced that key information first
began disappearing suddenly from
controllers’ screens.----------this seems to support the argument
(C) The new anticollision device is scheduled to be
moved to a different frequency within the
next two to three months.-----------irrelevant
(D) Key information began disappearing from
controllers’ screens three months before the
new anticollision device was first tested.---------correct
(E) The sudden disappearance of key information
from controllers’ screens has occurred only at
relatively large airports.----------this cannot weaken the argument

【PREP 训练】
53.    (34461-!-item-!-188;#058&007571)26S
When a polygraph test is judged inconclusive, this is no reflection on the examinee.  Rather, such a judgment means that the test has failed to show whether the examinee was truthful or untruthful.  Nevertheless, employers will sometimes refuse to hire a job applicant because of an inconclusive polygraph test result.

Prephrase: (conclude)

Answer：C

54.    (34509-!-item-!-188;#058&007572)26S
Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers.  Basing their judgment on the fact that different local populations of bowerbirds of the same species build bowers that exhibit different building and decorative styles, researchers have concluded that the bowerbirds' building styles are a culturally acquired, rather than a genetically transmitted, trait.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusion drawn by the researchers?

ANSWER:B

55.    (34557-!-item-!-188;#058&007575)49S
premise：According to the Tristate Transportation Authority, making certain improvements to the main commuter rail line would increase ridership dramatically.  The authority plans to finance these improvements over the course of five years by raising automobile tolls on the two highway bridges along the route the rail line serves.  

Conclusion：Although the proposed improvements are indeed needed, the authority's plan for securing the necessary funds should be rejected because it would unfairly force drivers to absorb the entire cost of something from which they receive no benefit.
prephrase：（weaken）the tolls would make the ridership decrease.

ANSWER

56.    (34605-!-item-!-188;#058&007579)38S
background information：Crops can be traded on the futures market before they are harvested.  If a poor corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures rise; if a bountiful corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures fall.  

Premise：This morning meteorologists are predicting much-needed rain for the corn-growing region starting tomorrow.  

Conclusion： since adequate moisture is essential for the current crop's survival, prices of corn futures will fall sharply today.
prephrase：（ weaken）another thing would make the crops grow poor

ANSWER: D

Donts

1.计时41''backgound:A increased during the last two years. B increased as well.
premise:the two things happened simutanously.
conclusion:A causes B to happen.
推测：别的原因导致了B/切断AB联系/B导致了A
(A) The new anticollision device has already
prevented a considerable number of mid-air
collisions.无关
(B) It was not until the new anticollision device
was introduced that key information first
began disappearing suddenly from
controllers’ screens.好像是说B导致了A，正确。
(C) The new anticollision device is scheduled to be
moved to a different frequency within the
next two to three months.与A无关。
(D) Key information began disappearing from
controllers’ screens three months before the
new anticollision device was first tested.那也无碍措施迟于问题一段时间，反应时间总要有的吧。
(E) The sudden disappearance of key information
from controllers’ screens has occurred only at
relatively large airports.与B无关。

选择A
订正：选择D。Show that although the effect exists, the cause did not occur。这是不是就是切断AB联系啊？
some other cause could account for the effect; some
third event could have caused both the stated cause and effect; the situation may
in fact be reversed; the events may be related but not causally; or the entire
occurrence could be the result of chance.补充知识
If the causal statement is the conclusion, then the reasoning is flawed. If the causal
statement is the premise, then the argument may be flawed, but not because of
the causal statement.

There are two scenarios that tend to lead to causal conclusions in Logical
Reasoning questions:
1. One event occurs before another
2. Two (or more) events occur at the same time
When an LSAT speaker concludes that occurrence caused another, that speaker
also assumes that the stated cause is the only possible cause of the effect and
that consequently the stated cause will always produce the effect.
In Weaken questions, attacking a cause and effect relationship almost always
consists of performing one of the following tasks:
A. Find an alternate cause for the stated effect
B. Show that even when the cause occurs, the effect does not occur
C. Show that although the effect occurs, the cause did not occur（和B连起来就是不同时发生吗？）
D. Show that the stated relationship is in fact reversed
E. Show a statistical problem exists with the data used to make the causal
statement
问题：
前面说causal statement的特征是In cause and effect statements there is an implied temporal relationship:the cause must happen first and the effect must happen at some time
after the cause.不是有时间差吗？那第一个攻击方法不是矛盾么。。。

TICKCOCK

1．    Background: the number of airplanes equipped with a new anticollision device has increased steadily during the past two years. At the same time, it has become increasing ly common for key information to disappear from air traffic controllers’ screen.
Premise: the new anticollision device operates at the same frequency as air traffic radar.
Conclusion: it is responsible for the sudden disappear of information.
Prophase: 断桥
Answer: D

2. C

3.Background: Male bowerbirds construct elaborately decorated nests, or bowers.
Premise: different local populations of bowerbirds of the same species build bowers that exhibit different building and decorative styles,
Conclusion: bowerbirds’ building styles are a culturally acquired, rather than a genetically transmitted, trait.
Answer: B

4．Background: making improvements to the main commuter rail line would increase the ridership.
The authority plans to finance these improvement by raising tolls on the highway bridges
Objection: the course should be rejected because it would unfairly force drivers to absorb the entire cost of something from they receive no benefit.
Prophase: there something to do with objection.
Answer: D

5. Background: crops can be traded on the futures market before they are harvested. If poor harvest is predicted, the price would rise. In contrast, the bountiful harvest is predicted, the price would fall.
Premise: the needed rain for corn-growing region starting tomorrow is predicted. And it is essential for the current crop’s survival.
Conclusion: price of corn futures will fall sharply today.
Answer: C （D）

kathy0911

34
29
44
1:09
47

感谢楼主的讲解，又系统的学了一下，很有帮助！！ 赞赞赞
最后一题居然选错了，看到正确答案的时候我就傻了，不知道为什么跳过没选。。。

wanggang0411

今天偷懒下
CBCD
For the quesiton 4 answer D, if 20% drivers switch to alternate highways, Financial policy will not secure enough fund expected.
Answer C, postpone means that the financaial policy will also secure the fund sooner or later.

chengzaaaa

1.
1)28”weaken
2)BI:
P: airplanes are getting equipped with an anticollision device. And during the same time, key info are disappearing from the screen. It is getting more often.
C: the anticollision device is the cause.
3)the airplanes have poor screen system
4)D
5)A. how the device is doing is not relevant to the cause.
B. support
C. the frequency switch of the device is not relevant
D. correct. Before the device, the disappearing is there already
E. where they occur is not relevant

53.
1)23”draw conclusion
2)inconclusive?no reflection on examinee?test can’t tell whether the examinee is truthful or untruthful
However, sometimes bosses don’t hire a job applicant cuz the inconclusive test
3)not really fair for people who is truthful but get an inconclusive result
C

54.
1)25”strengthen
2)BI: male bbirds decorate nests.
P: same species, different local populations?different styles
C: building styles are culturally acquired, not genetically transmitted
3)father, style A; son, moving to a different place, style B
B

55.
1)36”weaken
2)making improvements?increase redership
Plan: finance improvements, raising tolls
The plan needed, but the fund should be rejected, cuz, drivers would absorb the cost of the thing they don’t have benefit from.
3)tolls up, and less passing cars
D

56.
1)19”weaken
2)cron’s prices can be predicted and they can be traded in future markets.
Poor harvest ? price rise. Bountiful harvest? price fall.
Corn plant place is going to rain. Rain is important for cron. ? cron futures price fall today.
3)rain is so hard that it breaks some of the harvest
D


谢谢lz！！！