【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-9】

ba1a糖儿

"P outsource
C boost profit
BI recent years a decline in its profit
A 不外包出去的是高精尖。但是与profit没关系
B 与外包没关系
c 不怕倒打一耙，profit有保障
D bid和profit无关？
E support了公司的决定，但是不support可以boost profit的结果

PREP
外包part of its product->↓cost，↑profit
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.
C 就算有outsource，没有多少外包商可以变成competitor
可能会对profit产生影响，先留着
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.
E 时间效率筹划的改变使得V的efficiency可以提高

把 part of its work外包，
part外包的情况下，就像苹果，研发不会外包吧？只是组装和生产需要外包，而真正值钱的部分就在研发上。说明重要的部分是不会外包的！！！prep题中的C在这种情况下无须担心。

我第一次做prep的这道题也选了C。。细想一下，就算被competitor抢占了生意，对profit会有影响吗？还是来看苹果的例子.. 零部件非正版卖的很多啊，但是核心技术没被盗取，所以影响没那么大吧

=。=这个例子可能扯远了，主要想呈现两个题目的不同.. .. 至于prep题CE的对比.. ..
"

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that Vernon's plan will achieve its goal?
目的就是boost profit，更多的是对结论的补充E，而非排除其他可能C（是不是support的情况下就是填gap而strengthen就是排除其他可能啊？？求大佬指点）

Akiii

第三题的人均药物支出，居然分子不是用药的价格，而是市场上所有发行的总药物价格……不管你有没有买，只要发了新药，就增加了总药物的价格。。。
new drugs are not subject to the price controls (since there is no current price at which they can be frozen - the price controls only apply to drugs that already have a price). therefore, these new drugs could indeed account for increased costs, even if consumers are not purchasing any more drugs than they did before.

echo-LUO

9. 精炼
background information: people's five senses are distinct, each has its own range of stimuli
premise: some people see a color say that it has smell
conclusion: these people's senses do not respect the usual boundaries
猜想：并不是同一种sense感受到了两种，而是同时多种感觉作用
(A) Synesthesiacs demonstrate a general, systematic impairment in their ability to use and understand words.
(B) Recent evidence strongly suggests that there are other senses besides sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste.
(C) The particular ways in which sensory experiences overlap in synesthesiacs follow a definite pattern.
(D) The synesthetic phenomenon has been described in the legends of various cultures.
(E) Synesthesiacs can be temporarily rid of their synesthetic experiences by the use of drugs.
选项B：有证据表示，人不仅只有五感。所以可能是另一种senses产生这种现象
正确选项：A  说明S患者是感官损坏，因此不能得出结论说感官相通
错误原因：选项B在题目中没有支撑的依据，也没有任何材料提及其他的感官与这个现象有关，只是“可能”




33. 逻辑链
caterpillar climb upward to find food--->biologists: display an innate tendency to move in the direction opposite to the pull of gravity---->转折: when a strong light source at the bottom of a tree, the caterpiller climbed downward
猜想：没有所谓的innate tendency, 而是趋光性和趋热性
(A) Caterpillars have an innate tendency to move in the direction of gravity.
(B) Newly hatched caterpillars are unable to see in the dark.
(C) Newly hatched caterpillars move towards the strongest light source in the environment.
(D) Newly hatched caterpillars move toward the leaf bud nearest to them.
(E) The eyes of newly hatched caterpillars become less sensitive to light over time.

选项C：caterpillar是向最强光源移动


34.
background: spend on drugs increase--->in order to curb the increase, the government ask drug manufacturers not raise price
premise: the use of the drug didn't expand after the price freeze
conclusion: spend still increase
(A) After price increases were prohibited, drug manufacturers concentrated on producing new medications to replace existing products.
(B) The population of Voronia rose steadily throughout the period.
(C) Improvements in manufacturing processes enabled drug manufacturers to maintain high profit levels on drugs despite the price freeze.
(D) In addition to imposing a price freeze, the government encouraged doctors to prescribe generic versions of common drugs instead of the more expensive brand-name versions.
(E) After price increases were prohibited, some foreign manufacturers of expensive drugs ceased marketing them in Voronia.

选项B：V患者增加，购买增多
正确选项：A 意思理解错误，V是一种灌木，V增加，成本降低，与题目相反。所以应该是，生产商看不能提价，就研制新产品来增加销量


35.
background information: the fossil of g deer shows that it has no hump, but the painting of g deer show a hump.
premise: 选项
conclusion: but, the painting is not inaccurate
(A) some prehistoric cave paintings in France also depict other animals as having a hump
(B) fossils of the giant deer are much more common in Ireland than in France
(C) animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize
(D) the cave paintings of the giant deer were painted well before 16,000 years ago
(E) only one currently existing species of deer has any anatomical feature that even remotely resembles a hump
选项C： 动物有hump是肥胖症状的表现，所以可能是画上的deer是只胖deer


36.
Outsourcing is the practice of obtaining from an independent supplier a product or service that a company has previously provided for itself.  Vernon, Inc., a small manufacturing company that has in recent years experienced a decline in its profits, plans to boost its profits by outsourcing those parts of its business that independent suppliers can provide at lower cost than Vernon can itself.
background information: what is outsourcing
premise: V company want to outsource their unprofitable parts
conclusion: success
(A) Among the parts of its business that Vernon does not plan to outsource are some that require standards of accuracy too high for most independent suppliers to provide at lower cost than Vernon can.
(B) Vernon itself acts as an independent supplier of specialized hardware items to certain manufacturers that formerly made those items themselves.
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.
(D) Vernon plans to select the independent suppliers it will use on the basis of submitted bids.
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.
选项E：说明外包之后，顶尖的人员将集中在核心商务上

喜皮

1.--->45s**
premise:some people eat banana , they say they are tasting blue and when seeing a color they smell odour.
conclusion:some people who has synthes...dont have usual sense that have boundary
bg:the research stated that the five senses are independent from each other so boundary is available among them.
prephrase:weaken--->【sign a thing/Z/accident or misunderstanding】their senses are actually have boundary/another reason cause that feeling but not because of no boundary/that feeling is a kind of misunderstanding.

(A) Synesthesiacs demonstrate a general,
systematic impairment in their ability to use
and understand words.
--->irrelevant
(B) Recent evidence strongly suggests that there
are other senses besides sight, touch, smell,
hearing, and taste.
--->right.another reason cause that feeling
(C) The particular ways in which sensory
experiences overlap in synesthesiacs follow a
definite pattern.
--->irrelevant
(D) The synesthetic phenomenon has been
described in the legends of various cultures.
--->irrelevant
(E) Synesthesiacs can be temporarily rid of their
synesthetic experiences by the use of drugs.
--->irrelevant
OA:A

The conclusion is in the last sentence, that some people “have senses that do not respect the usual boundaries between the five recognized senses.”Instead of keeping their senses distinct, these individuals have an overlap.
A的解释： This is the correct answer. If the synesthesiacs have a systematic impairment in their use of language it may not be that their senses overlap but rather that they lack the ability to properlyexpress themselves. Thus, their claim to taste a banana and see blue might not be a reflection of thatactually occurring but rather a reflection of the words they use to describe taste. 因为语言表达能力受损，所以无法清楚的表达出自己的意思，因此他们说的话没有很大的参考价值。---->他因……但是个人感觉这个选项也很模糊
但是B题干里没有说明他们的感觉与新的感觉有关/Manhattan解释：B攻击了背景，所以是out of scope

喜皮

2.--->42s
A) Caterpillars have an innate tendency to move in the direction of gravity.
(B) Newly hatched caterpillars are unable to see in the dark.
(C) Newly hatched caterpillars move towards the strongest light source in the environment.
(D) Newly hatched caterpillars move toward the leaf bud nearest to them.
(E) The eyes of newly hatched caterpillars become less sensitive to light over time.
C

3.--->45s(?)
(A) After price increases were prohibited, drug manufacturers concentrated on producing new medications to replace existing products.
(B) The population of Voronia rose steadily throughout the period.
(C) Improvements in manufacturing processes enabled drug manufacturers to maintain high profit levels on drugs despite the price freeze.
(D) In addition to imposing a price freeze, the government encouraged doctors to prescribe generic versions of common drugs instead of the more expensive brand-name versions.
(E) After price increases were prohibited, some foreign manufacturers of expensive drugs ceased marketing them in Voronia.
A
STACEY:
"per-capita expenditure" is the total price paid for drugs (price per pill * # of pills) divided by the number of people.

If the per capita expenditure is increasing, either the numerator has to be increasing or the denominator has to be decreasing or both.

So, either the price is increasing, the number of pills is increasing, or the number of people is decreasing (or some combination of the above).

premise: product prices can't be raised (note: by definition, this only addresses existing products; new products not yet introduced do not yet have assigned prices)
--> So I can't raise the price of existing products, but I could introduce more expensive products.

premise: the use of prescription drugs did not increase after the price freeze
--> So the number of pills isn't changing
这道题由公式入手：人均药品消费量，如果提高说明分子变大，分母变小——只要答案里涉及其中一个即可

4.--->45s
(A) some prehistoric cave paintings in France also depict other animals as having a hump
(B) fossils of the giant deer are much more common in Ireland than in France
(C) animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize
(D) the cave paintings of the giant deer were painted well before 16,000 years ago
(E) only one currently existing species of deer has any anatomical feature that even remotely resembles a hump
C

5.--->45s
A) Among the parts of its business that Vernon does not plan to outsource are some that require standards of accuracy too high for most independent suppliers to provide at lower cost than Vernon can.
(B) Vernon itself acts as an independent supplier of specialized hardware items to certain manufacturers that formerly made those items themselves.Vernon本身是某些制造商的独立供应商，这些制造商以前自己制造这些产品。跟profit半毛钱关系没有
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.
(D) Vernon plans to select the independent suppliers it will use on the basis of submitted bids.
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.
B
OA:E
只有E是与boost profit（公司目的）有关的，其他都不是——这道题可能是因为没看懂选项……

云栈

1.        32s
B: 人的五官被认为是不同的，互相之前都不会有影响。
P： 然而最近的研究发现有的人吃了香蕉说他们吃了蓝色；有的人看到一个颜色说它有某种气味。
C：这说明这种人的五官没有遵循明确的界限
推测：他们的感官没有互相刺激，只是错乱了；或者这个人的感官没错，只是他们表达出了错
选项分析：A
A：正确说明他们的无关没有问题，是他们的表达出了问题。
B：与原题无关，原题说的就是这五官
C：opposite，支持了原题的观点
D：无关，synesthetic被如何定义与五官的界限无关
E：opposite，吃了药之后就会不遵循界限

2.        27s
F: 毛虫在树上被孵化出来之后就会立刻往上爬，直到找到一个能吃的叶子
F：生物学家认为天性是他们朝着重力的反方向爬
F: 最近的实验把一个强光放在树底下，毛虫孵化出来之后往下爬
推测：毛虫爬的方向不一定和重力有关,和强光有关。
选项分析：C

3.        41s
B：人均每年在处方药上的花销增长了15%
F: 为了抑制这种增长，禁止了药厂增长他们产品的价格
F: 即使处方药的使用量没有增长，但是人均花销仍然上涨了
推测：买处方药的人变少了，但是买的人的用量增大了
选项分析：A
【这题没太看懂选项的逻辑，用排除法选的A

4.        39s
B：已经灭绝的欧洲夜鹿的最后一个成员叫giant，生活在16000年前的爱尔兰
P: 法国的历史cave画的这种鹿的背后有大的hump
P：然而这种动物的化石没有显示有hump
C: 然而没有理由说cave画的不准确
推测：变化石的过程中hump被腐蚀了之类的。
选项分析：C

5.        41s
P: outsourcing 是一种从其他独立供应商那里获得公司之前本身有的一种产品
P: V，一个小型公司最近收益下滑，计划通过outsourcing他们的部分商业给一个可以提供低成本的供应商来增长收益
推测：decline in profit的主要原因是成本太高了，外包可以给公司带来其他更大的收益
选项分析：E

Lincy123

P：研究发现有人吃香蕉说吃出了蓝色，或看到颜色说它有特殊味道

C：这类人S的感官不符合通常五感之间的范畴

果因推理，找他因

A） S有语言认知上的缺陷。Correct  

B） 五感之外还有其他感。无关

C） S的这类感官重叠情况有一种固定模式。增强

D）在多种文化中S被称为传奇。无关

E） 用毒品可以暂时摆脱S的情况。无关

幼虫孵化后往上爬

强光从树下往上打，幼虫孵化后往下爬

Must be true

A） 幼虫天生会朝着重力方向走。错

B） 幼虫在黑暗中看不见。错，看不见不会受光照影响

C） 幼虫倾向强光移动。Correct

D）幼虫朝着最近的叶子吃

E） 幼虫对光照不敏感。削弱

健康署禁止药厂涨价，使用数量不变

处方药的人均支出每年都在大幅度增长

反推：人均支出=总支出/人数，总支出升高或者人数减少

A） 制药商出新药替代旧药。Correct

B） 这个时期人口增长多。无关，因为使用量不变

C） 尽管价格不变，制造流程的改善让制药商有高利润。无关

D）政府鼓励医生开便宜的药。人均支出应减少。

E） 一些外国昂贵的制药商不在V营销了。应减少

鹿的化石没有隆起，不能说画家画了有隆起的鹿是错的

因为：？

可能有其他原因让hump的化石消失了

A） 这些画也画了其他动物有hump。无关

B） 爱尔兰的化石更常见。无关

C） Hump不能变成化石。Correct

D）壁画的年龄。无关

E） 只有一种鹿有hump。无关

P：V公司打算把部分业务外包给成本更低的公司

C：boost profit

Support：排除weaken

A） 没有外包的是外包做不到低成本的。无关

B） V是别家的外包公司，无关

C） 很少有供货商变成他们下游的直接竞争者。Correct

想太多了，变成竞争者和profit无关

D）V计划在提交的招标基础上选用独立供应商。无关

E） 参加V效率低的任务占据了高层很多参加核心业务的时间。无关

Correct 外包就能让高层把重心放在核心业务