【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-9】

Elisha728

6'24''
CCACE

Elisha728

balapupu 发表于 2011-11-27 22:08
Question #4. June 2001 LSAT, Section #1, #12. The correct answer choice is (A)The conclusion is in t ...

第一题错了……。

lyrsilvia

1. 32'
BG: The five senses have traditionally been viewed as distinct yet complementary. Each sense is thought to
have its own range of stimuli that are incapable of stimulating the other senses.
P: recent research has discovered that some people taste a banana and claim that they are tasting blue, or see a color and say that it has a specific smell.
C: such people, called synesthesiacs, have senses that do not respect the usual boundaries between the five recognized senses.
Weaken: claim taste is not real taste
答案：B
(A) Synesthesiacs demonstrate a general, systematic impairment in their ability to use and understand words.----------what synesthesiacs demonstrate is not relevant, ability to use and understand words is not discussed in the question. CORRECT
(B) Recent evidence strongly suggests that there are other senses besides sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste.-----------means that the specific feeling is not cross boundaries, but another unknown sense
(C) The particular ways in which sensory experiences overlap in synesthesiacs follow a definite pattern.-------------whether synesthesiacs follow a definite pattern is not discussed, and not useful to justify the boundaries
(D) The synesthetic phenomenon has been described in the legends of various cultures.------------strengthen the statement about the emerge of synethestic
(E) Synesthesiacs can be temporarily rid of their synesthetic experiences by the use of drugs.----------whether we will rid of synethetic experiences does not affect the synesthesiacs itself
===============================================================
怎么精炼总错...
方向： sth. that would suggest their sense do respect the usual boundaries
A项意思是even they express, they did not express precisely. what they express cannot be taken seriously. even they said they tasting blue or see a color, it does not mean they actually experience it.
SUPPORT
===============================================================
2. 17'
P:  recent experiment, a strong light source was placed at the bottom of a tree
C: caterpillars, after hatching, climbed downward.--> means not move in the direction opposite to the pull of gravity.
Support: light source cause the caterpillars to move downward
答案：
(A) Caterpillars have an innate tendency to move in the direction of gravity.------------weaken C
(B) Newly hatched caterpillars are unable to see in the dark.--------------whether they are able to see is not affect their moving
(C) Newly hatched caterpillars move towards the strongest light source in the environment.----------CORRECT, means the lights matter
(D) Newly hatched caterpillars move toward the leaf bud nearest to them.------------do not know whether the leaf is upward or downward
(E) The eyes of newly hatched caterpillars become less sensitive to light over time.-----------less sensitive means not the lights cause the downward moving. Weaken.

3. 28’
P:  to curb these dramatic increases, the ministry of health prohibited drug manufacturers from raising any of their products' prices
C: per capita expenditure for prescription drugs continued to increase by a substantial percentage each year
Explain: prohibited raise prices is not effective to curb the per capita expenditure-->other factors affect the per capita
答案：A
(A) After price increases were prohibited, drug manufacturers concentrated on producing new medications to replace existing products.---------------new medications is another factor that affect the per capita consumption. CORRECT
(B) The population of Voronia rose steadily throughout the period.--------------if more population, the per capita consumption should be lower. because (whole consumption)/population= per capita consumption
(C) Improvements in manufacturing processes enabled drug manufacturers to maintain high profit levels on drugs despite the price freeze.---------------profit is irrelevant to consumption
(D) In addition to imposing a price freeze, the government encouraged doctors to prescribe generic versions of common drugs instead of the more expensive brand-name versions.------------this means per capita consumption should decline but not increase
(E) After price increases were prohibited, some foreign manufacturers of expensive drugs ceased marketing them in Voronia.---------------------expensive ceased means people spend less.
个人觉得A中是不是隐藏了new medication是不会be prohibited from raising price的条件

4. 15’
P:  Fossils of this animal, however, do not show any hump.
C: no reason to conclude that the cave paintings are therefore inaccurate in this regard
Explain: fossils cannot prove the reality
答案：C
(A) some prehistoric cave paintings in France also depict other animals as having a hump--------whether other animals have hump or not is sufficient to know whether deer have hump
(B) fossils of the giant deer are much more common in Ireland than in France----------where the fossils are more common is insufficient to know whether deer have hump
(C) animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize-----------CORRECT. means fossils are not reflecting the truth
(D) the cave paintings of the giant deer were painted well before 16,000 years ago------------when were the fossils painted is insufficient to know whether deer have hump
(E) only one currently existing species of deer has any anatomical feature that even remotely resembles a hump------------------------currently existing species cannot guarantee the past species.

5. 28'
P: outsourcing those parts of its business that independent suppliers can provide at lower cost than Vernon can itself.
C: V can boost its profits
Support: outsourcing can boost its profits, reduce its cost
答案：
(A) Among the parts of its business that Vernon does not plan to outsource are some that require standards of accuracy too high for most independent suppliers to provide at lower cost than Vernon can.-----------we just consider the outsourcing part not the other part
(B) Vernon itself acts as an independent supplier of specialized hardware items to certain manufacturers that formerly made those items themselves.------------what V acts does not related to its action, we will not know the outsourcing is sufficient or not
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.------------illustrate the safe of outsourcing
(D) Vernon plans to select the independent suppliers it will use on the basis of submitted bids.----------how it select suppliers does not show outsourcing is effective or not
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.------------CORRECT. means top managers can be more effective to core business to make profit for V.

meckyona

9
26s
Some people have senses that don’t respect the usual boundaries between 5 senses

Weaken
A words are irrelevant
B other sights are irrelevant
C
D irrelevant
E irrelevant
一遍看下来觉得都是无关的orz 选C吧…
33
31s
B:a caterpillar emerges from an egg and climb up
C a behavior that opposite to the pull of gravity

A but without light it moves in the opposite way
B irrelevant
C true, right answer
D no, it can be anywhere
E irrelevant

34
35s
B the expenditure on p drug rose annually
P the ministry of health ban the manufactures from raising any prices
C the use didn’t expand but the expenditure continue to increase

A irrelevant
B more people, more use of drugs..,right
C ….这个不知道怎么分析
D doesn’t explain
E irrelevant

35
A can’t complete
B irrelevant
C right
D irrelevant
E no

36
A irrelevant
B irrelevant
C irrelevant
D
E
好奇怪= =选D吧

meckyona

meckyona 发表于 2013-9-29 22:31
9
26s
Some people have senses that don’t respect the usual boundaries between 5 senses

精练题的A，直接攻击word

per capita 是人均的意思， new drug没有价格限定= =

览物之情

10月10号

1 27s  Background:The five senses have traditionally been viewed as distinct yet complementary. Each sense is thought to have its own range of stimuli that are incapable of stimulating the other senses.
Premise :However, recent research has discovered that some people taste a
banana and claim that they are tasting blue, or see a color and say that it has a specific smell.
Conclusion:This shows that such people, called synesthesiacs, have senses that do not respect the usual boundaries between the five recognized senses.

Which one of the following statements, if true, most
seriously weakens the argument?
因果推理，干扰因素P maybe those people just do not express their felling well.
A)        Synesthesiacs demonstrate a general, systematic impairment in their ability to use
and understand words.-----------correct
(B) Recent evidence strongly suggests that there are other senses besides sight, touch, smell, hearing, and taste.--------support
(C) The particular ways in which sensory experiences overlap in synesthesiacs follow a
definite pattern.--------support
(D) The synesthetic phenomenon has been described in the legends of various cultures.------support or some kind of irrelevant
(E) Synesthesiacs can be temporarily rid of their synesthetic experiences by the use of drugs.------------irrelevant.

2  24s
Background: When a caterpillar emerges from the egg on a tree branch, it immediately climbs upward until it finds a leaf bud to eat.  Biologists thought that this behavior displayed an innate tendency to move in the direction opposite to the pull of gravity.

Premise: In a recent experiment, a strong light source was placed at the bottom of a tree, and caterpillars, after hatching, climbed downward.

Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by the statements given?
问conclusion： maybe light is the cause that make C climb.


(A) Caterpillars have an innate tendency to move in the direction of gravity.
(B) Newly hatched caterpillars are unable to see in the dark.
(C) Newly hatched caterpillars move towards the strongest light source in the environment.----correct
(D) Newly hatched caterpillars move toward the leaf bud nearest to them.
(E) The eyes of newly hatched caterpillars become less sensitive to light over time.

3 25s
Background:For several years, per capita expenditure on prescription drugs in Voronia rose by fifteen percent or more annually.

Plan: In order to curb these dramatic increases, the ministry of health prohibited drug manufacturers from raising any of their products' prices.

Outcome: Even though use of prescription drugs did not expand after this price freeze, per capita expenditure for prescription drugs continued to increase by a substantial percentage each year.
Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the ministry's action did not achieve its goal?
Price and quantity unchanged then maybe the capital expenditure of other thing decrease?

(A) After price increases were prohibited, drug manufacturers concentrated on producing new medications to replace existing products.-------correct.很可能新药价格更高
(B) The population of Voronia rose steadily throughout the period.-------irrelevant
(C) Improvements in manufacturing processes enabled drug manufacturers to maintain high profit levels on drugs despite the price freeze.--------irrelevant
(D) In addition to imposing a price freeze, the government encouraged doctors to prescribe generic versions of common drugs instead of the more expensive brand-name versions.-----更矛盾了
(E) After price increases were prohibited, some foreign manufacturers of expensive drugs ceased marketing them in Voronia.-----irrelevant.

4 27s
Which of the following most logically completes the argument?


The last members of a now-extinct species of a European wild deer called the giant deer lived in Ireland about 16,000 years ago.   rehistoric cave paintings in France depict this animal as having a large hump on its back.  Fossils of this animal, however, do not show any hump.  Nevertheless, there is no reason to conclude that the cave paintings are therefore inaccurate in this regard, since __________.
相关因果。Fossils might lose some part. Or hump is easy to be destroyed.
(C) animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize------correct

5 22s
Background: Outsourcing is the practice of obtaining from an independent supplier a product or service that a company has previously provided for itself.
Premise: Vernon, Inc., a small manufacturing company that has in recent years experienced a decline in its profits, plans to boost its profits by outsourcing those parts of its business that independent suppliers can provide at lower cost than Vernon can itself.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the
conclusion: that Vernon's plan will achieve its goal?
P : no side effect有效性，可行性。

(A) Among the parts of its business that Vernon does not plan to outsource are some that require standards of accuracy too high for most independent suppliers to provide at lower cost than Vernon can.-------irrelevant
(B) Vernon itself acts as an independent supplier of specialized hardware items to certain manufacturers that formerly made those items themselves.-----irrelevant
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.----irrelevant
(D) Vernon plans to select the independent suppliers it will use on the basis of submitted bids.------irrelevant
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.-----correct.

w.melhere

1. 31' 这个看题的时候大意了，没有读清选项。 该打该打
2. 34'
3.37'
4.25
5.23' 选错. 这道的解题方向似乎是以前不太知道的. C选项虽然有一定的削弱作用,但较之E与自身的比较就显得不够强了. E: 没有效率的工作占了管理者很多时间,而管理者更应该把时间放在核心产品上. 即,外包出效率较低的产品,管理者就可以更好的管理核心产品,从而提高profit.

cecidefok

精练题
P:五官相异而互补
   五官都有各自的stimuli,并且一个感官的stimuli无法刺激到另一个感官
   有人吃香蕉时说吃起来是蓝色的,或者看到某颜色后说闻到某味
C:这些人的五官是同感的,没有一般人的boundary
问削弱
推测:这些人有幻觉
E.证明是一种病吧............错了

33.
选C

34.
选D,其他好像没什么关系

35.
选C

36.
选E

yuehuasunday

1-9

1.

Background: The 5 senses have been viewed as distinct yet complementary.

Premise: recent research has discovered that some people taste a banana and claim that they are tasting blue.

Conclusion: Synesthesiacs, have senses that do not respect that usual boundaries between the five recognized senses.

(A) Correct

2.

Background: When Caterpillar was born, they move up

Premise: Move in the direction opposite to the pull of gravity

Conclusion: a strong light source was placed at the bottom of a tree, and caterpillars, after hatching, climbed downward

© Correct

3.

Background: For several years, per capita expenditure on prescription drugs in veronica rose by fifteen percent or more annually.

Premise: prohibited drug manufacturers from raising any of their products prices.

Conclusion: per capita expenditure for prescription drugs continued to increase

(A) Correct

4.

Background: The last member of a new extinct species of a european wild bddr called the giant deer lived in irland about 16,00 years ago

Premise: a large hump on its back

Conclusion: Fossil show no hump

© Correct

5.

Background: Out sourcing is the practice of obtaining from an independent supplier a product or service that a company has previously provide for itself.

Premise: Decline in profit, and plans to host its profits by outsourcing those parts

Conclusion: Independent suppliers can provide at a lower cost

(E) Correct

irenetopia

错了2题……人艰不拆


【精练】1：11
9. The five senses have traditionally been viewed as
distinct yet complementary. Each sense is thought to
have its own range of stimuli that are incapable of
stimulating the other senses. However, recent
research has discovered that some people taste a
banana and claim that they are tasting blue, or see a
color and say that it has a specific smell. This shows
that such people, called synesthesiacs, have senses
that do not respect the usual boundaries between the
five recognized senses.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most
seriously weakens the argument?
逻辑链：五个感官是互补的——但是每一个感官并不能影响到其他感官——但是会有一种叫synesthesiacs的人分不清这些——因此，这些人在这几个感官方面是没有遵循界限的。
问削弱：这题我选错了。现在整理思路：前提都是对的，五个都是分开的，S也确实分不清这个。结论S没有分清界限。是找S不具有代表性？这个不仅仅是S才会犯的，而是大家都会犯的。

(A) Synesthesiacs demonstrate a general,
systematic impairment in their ability to use
and understand words.——bingo！这是普遍的错误，不是s才有的

(B) Recent evidence strongly suggests that there
are other senses besides sight, touch, smell,
hearing, and taste.——无关，除了五官外还有别的器官并不影响结果

(C) The particular ways in which sensory
experiences overlap in synesthesiacs follow a
definite pattern.——在S种，感官经历的特殊方式与特定的模式重叠，这个是加强了吧算
(D) The synesthetic phenomenon has been
described in the legends of various cultures.——这个现象是出现在传说里的？好吧……排除
(E) Synesthesiacs can be temporarily rid of their
synesthetic experiences by the use of drugs.——他们可以通过药物来摆脱这个，说的是解决方法，也不是weaken
Weaken Question Problem Set  NO.4




【逻辑链】


33.    (31934-!-item-!-188;#058&005658)


When a caterpillar emerges from the egg on a tree branch, it immediately climbs upward until it finds a leaf bud to eat.  Biologists thought that this behavior displayed an innate tendency to move in the direction opposite to the pull of gravity.  In a recent experiment, a strong light source was placed at the bottom of a tree, and caterpillars, after hatching, climbed downward.

Which of the following hypotheses is best supported by the statements given?
逻辑链：蚜虫在树上孵化后会向上爬找输液吃，生物学家认为是一个跟重力相反的天性导致？——在最近的研究中，发现当在树底部放强光的时候，蚜虫往下爬了
问be support
思路：就是选项中不能出现新信息，从最新的研究来看，蚜虫应该是喜欢往有光的地方跑

(A) Caterpillars have an innate tendency to move in the direction of gravity.——不对，两个情况的反应不同，不能只对一个情况作解释
(B) Newly hatched caterpillars are unable to see in the dark.——无关
(C) Newly hatched caterpillars move towards the strongest light source in the environment.——bingo！很好地说明了
(D) Newly hatched caterpillars move toward the leaf bud nearest to them.——文中没出现
(E) The eyes of newly hatched caterpillars become less sensitive to light over time.——weaken了现象，无关


34.    2:02

For several years, per capita expenditure on prescription drugs in Voronia rose by fifteen percent or more annually.  In order to curb these dramatic increases, the ministry of health prohibited drug manufacturers from raising any of their products' prices.  Even though use of prescription drugs did not expand after this price freeze, per capita expenditure for prescription drugs continued to increase by a substantial percentage each year.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to explain why the ministry's action did not achieve its goal?
逻辑链：这题也错了！V的处方药人均支出增长很快——政府为了禁止酱紫，就出台遏制了价格——即使价格被冻结，人均支出处方药的价格还是每年在涨

问解释：算是方案评估？因为支出增长，所以遏制药价，但是还是在增长。
如果药的价格已经被控制，那么应该是其他的不被控制的药又涨了

(A) After price increases were prohibited, drug manufacturers concentrated on producing new medications to replace existing products.——好牵强的bingo！求指导

(B) The population of Voronia rose steadily throughout the period.——人均和总数没有关系，排除
(C) Improvements in manufacturing processes enabled drug manufacturers to maintain high profit levels on drugs despite the price freeze.——profit和支出也无关，排除
(D) In addition to imposing a price freeze, the government encouraged doctors to prescribe generic versions of common drugs instead of the more expensive brand-name versions.——仅仅说了措施的一个具体内容，排除
(E) After price increases were prohibited, some foreign manufacturers of expensive drugs ceased marketing them in Voronia.——无关


35.    1:40

Which of the following most logically completes the argument?


The last members of a now-extinct species of a European wild deer called the giant deer lived in Ireland about 16,000 years ago.  prehistoric cave paintings in France depict this animal as having a large hump on its back.  Fossils of this animal, however, do not show any hump.  Nevertheless, there is no reason to conclude that the cave paintings are therefore inaccurate in this regard, since __________.
逻辑链：GD是现存的仅有的欧洲野鹿家族成员，16000年轻就存在了。
史前岩画（法国）上的鹿是有hump的，但是这个动物的化石，没有hump。
但是这并不能说明，岩画是不准确的，因为……
思路：也就是岩画是准确的，岩画和化石都是同一种动物，那么为什么不一样，找出岩画和化石相关性，或可以解释这一现象的

(A) some prehistoric cave paintings in France also depict other animals as having a hump——没有相关性
(B) fossils of the giant deer are much more common in Ireland than in France——也是没有相关性
(C) animal humps are composed of fatty tissue, which does not fossilize——bingo！因为此，驼峰不会变成化石
(D) the cave paintings of the giant deer were painted well before 16,000 years ago——这是削弱了题目啊，不是解释
(E) only one currently existing species of deer has any anatomical feature that even remotely resembles a hump——没看懂，所以不要了

36.    1:29

Outsourcing is the practice of obtaining from an independent supplier a product or service that a company has previously provided for itself.  Vernon, Inc., a small manufacturing company that has in recent years experienced a decline in its profits, plans to boost its profits by outsourcing those parts of its business that independent suppliers can provide at lower cost than Vernon can itself.


Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that Vernon's plan will achieve its goal?
逻辑链：外包是一个公司找一个独立的供应商来负责一个产品啥的
V公司因为最几年利润下滑，因此计划外包（这些外包公司的成本比他自己做小）
问加强
思路：就是找外包还可以继续增大他利润的，因为它外包的目的是增大利润

(A) Among the parts of its business that Vernon does not plan to outsource are some that require standards of accuracy too high for most independent suppliers to provide at lower cost than Vernon can.——解释了为什么外包利润低，并没有加强
(B) Vernon itself acts as an independent supplier of specialized hardware items to certain manufacturers that formerly made those items themselves.——说他自己也是个外包商……无关
(C) Relatively few manufacturers that start as independent suppliers have been able to expand their business and become direct competitors of the companies they once supplied.——没有从外包商做起的公司可以直面他们曾经服务的公司作为竞争对手无关
(D) Vernon plans to select the independent suppliers it will use on the basis of submitted bids.——weaken了
(E) Attending to certain tasks that Vernon performs relatively inefficiently has taken up much of the time and effort of top managers whose time would have been better spent attending to Vernon's core business.——bingo！这样就可以术业有专攻，profit会上升！