【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-3】

superbat28

逻辑汇总贴：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-580862-1-1.html
阅读姊妹篇：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_RC/thread-562296-1-1.html

NO1  FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q12
The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth. A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip. Therefore, it is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?


NO2 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q15
Dental researcher: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure: it inevitably damages some of the healthy parts of the tooth. Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point. Therefore, dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity.

Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researcher’s reasoning?

NO3 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q17
Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?


NO4 CR大全 不含OG版  TESTC Q2
We have heard a good deal in recent years about the declining importance of the two major political parties. It is the mass media, we are told, that decide the outcome of elections, not the power of the parties. But it is worth noting that no independent or third-party candidate has won any important election in recent years, and in the last nationwide campaign, the two major parties raised and spent more money than ever before in support of their candidates and platforms. It seems clear that reports of the imminent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?

NO5 CR大全 不含OG版  TESTC Q3
Psychologists conducted a series of experiments to test the effect upon schoolchildren of violence in films. In the first experiment, grammar school children were shown a film that included scenes of a male teenager engaging in violent acts against others, such as punching, pushing, and kicking. During a free-play session following the film viewing, 42 percent of the children were observed to engage in one or more violent acts similar to those in the film. In a second experiment, a different group of children was shown a similar film featuring a female teenager. Only 14 percent of the children were observed behaving violently afterward. The psychologists concluded that children are more likely to imitate violent behavior on film when a male model is shown than when a female model is shown.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the psychologists’ conclusion?

貌似有点长啊…不要怪我T T
注：我上次实战的时候，碰到了6行的逻辑题，不过是一道main conclusion题。。我连读都没好好读。。勾起我悲惨回忆了。。

抓抓sandra

同表示对于长stimulus很无奈…今晚什么都看不进去了，提前占座…明天读完可能比较晚才来发，先沙发支持下~

抓抓sandra

1.30s
premise：Spaceship is too heavy too get on Mars
premise: The spaceship is heavy because it must carry enough fuel to get on Mars.
premise: New device can use the atmosphere of Mars to produce energies.
conclusion: Spaceship with the new devide can get on Mars.
Q: ASSUMPTION,假设是new device本身不重

2.32s
premise：牙洞不会伤害健康
premise：牙洞只有伤到神经才伤害健康
conclusion：除非牙洞伤到神经，否则不应该给牙洞做手术
Q：SUPPORT,可能是：牙洞没有伤到神经但是却做了手术的造成不好的结果（割断因果）；研究数据来证实conclusion（加强因果）

3.45s
premise：占星学家说星座决定性格。
premise：双胞胎同时出生确实性格相似。
counter premise：但是来自T和NYC两个医院的、记载同一个时候出生的一大批人性格并不一样。
conclusion：（想不起来原话了）占星学家的观点是错误的
Q：ASSUMPTION,应该是数据要有代表性。

4.37s
BG：两个政党的重要性都下降，媒体的重要性上升
premise：两个政党耗费在选举上的费用都上升
conclusion：两个政党都很不成熟
Q：SUPPORT，补上GAP：成熟的政党费用节俭；不成熟的政党选举费用高

5.45s
premise：一个实验让男生和女生都去看含有一定暴力动作的电影，随后让他们玩一个游戏
premise：在玩游戏时n%的男生会模仿出一些刚才电影中的动作，只有比较少的女生模仿。
conclusion：男生比女生擅长模仿动作
Q：weaken，女生擅长模仿其他动作；看了其他类型的电影女生就更擅长；可能女生也擅长，但是不会在玩游戏的时候表现出来

fox0923

没时间看了，咋办聂？先把OG上的弄完再回来。。

balapupu

1。【39s】因为重力的原因阻止了人们登陆火星的计划：携带足够的燃料帮助人们到达火星并且返回，会使非常沉，难以实现。———》最近一个新的研究设备，它可以让飞船在M大气中补充燃料，然后携带这个设备返回地球-->这以研究有望帮助人们到达火星。
Assumoption:携带这个设备不会引起什么新的问题。
2。【44s】(单词又没背好呀，偷偷查了查什么是cavity，）
补牙，并不是没有坏处的：他会影响到一些牙齿好的地方，只有当牙洞触及到牙部神经的时候，这个牙洞会有负面影响，然而许多牙洞，如果部管它它也不会触及到神经。所以建议牙医，在牙洞没有触及到神经的时候，不要给患者补牙。
支持：不威胁到神经的牙洞也不会给患者引起其他的困扰。
3。【40s】一些占星学家说，生辰八字会影响一个人的性格。但是这个说法说错的。-->的确，同年同月同日生的双胞胎会有相同的性格，但是另一个试验，在40年前，一个在多伦多，一个在纽约医院生下来的两个孩子，性格是截然不同的。
assumption:占星仅仅和时间有关系。
4。【1'02s】我们最近听说很多关于两大政党地位下降的事情。－－》根据主流媒体的报道。在最近的选举中，独立的第三方政党赢得大选——》在上次的全国大选中，两大政党都投入了大量的资金进行宣传支持它们的候选人－－>显然媒体的报道关于两大政党系统的转变是不准确的。
support:支持两大政党的选民比第三党的多
5。【45s】科学家研究暴力电影对孩子的影响：－－》1）试验一中，电影的主角是男性，看完电影后，有42％的孩子会有暴力的动作倾向。——》2）试验2中，电影的主角的女性，看完电影后，有14％的孩子有暴力倾向——－》所以，暴力电影中的男性角色比女性角色更容易影响孩子。
weaken：电影中男性角色暴力演出比女性角色更容易去模仿。

balapupu

一下补了三天的～好爽啊。。。。

superbat28

1. 45s
Con: It is possible for people to go to Mars by using the new spaceship that equipped with the new device
Premise: this device allows the spaceship to fuel in the return trip, and fuel is the only factor that limits people’s ability to go to Mars

Assumptions: The spaceship would have enough fuel to reach the re-fueling point.
 Better one: The spaceship would not lose dynamic before reaching the re-fueling point.

2. 38s
Con: Doctors should not fill the cavity unless the cavity hurts the nerve system
Premise: Most cavities does not do extreme harm to the tooth, since it does not attack the nerve system, and fill the cavity may actually hurts other teeth

Strengthen: （英文表达不出来了。。） 在直接危害之前，不存在潜在危险会诱发该危害。。


3. 46s 被那个horoscope打败了，不认识这个词啊T T
Con: we cannot say horoscope determines our personalities
Premise: The same time they are born, one in T one in NYC, but they do not have same personalities

Assumption: The other factors are all the same for these two people.


4. 45s
Con: The importance of the parties does not decline
Premise: they have won every election and they spent lots of money in the previous election

Strengthen: The more money is not compensatory for the declining of importance.

5. 55s
Con: children are more likely to mimic male than female
Premise: A research & A comparison

Weaken: The first group is by nature more violent than the second…

superbat28

一下补了三天的～好爽啊。。。。

-- by 会员 balapupu (2011/8/9 13:16:26)

一下两天也好爽。。。

daisyの小夢想

1. 42s
BG: Weight has hindered spacecraft to go to Mars. Even the lightest craft can afford the
weight of fuel for the whole journey.
Premise:
The new equipment can help to produce fuel for the return, so the weight of the fuel carried can decline.
Conclusion:
The spacecraft with new equipment can go to Mars.
Premise:
1. The fuel produced in the Mars's atmosphere is the same as that on Earth.
2. The new equipment doesn't weigh as much as half of the fuel for the whole-round journey.

2. 45s
病人的烂牙一般不会发展到破坏到神经的地步。
所以医生不应该在病人的烂牙还没严重到要破坏神经的时候给病人补牙。

3. 40s
A claim: horoscopes determine people's personalities.
Premise:
Twins have similar personalities. But two persons born on the same day, one in NY,one in
Tokyo, have great differences in personalities.
Conclusion:
The claim that horoscopes decide people's personalities is wrong.
Premise:
Where one is born and which country one is from are not horoscopes.

4. 60s
BG:Media has played a significant role on the election outcome.
Premise:
Both of the two main parties have devoted much more money to the propaganda to win support every year.
In contrast, some small parties or individuals has put little money for advertisement and so on. So they never win the election.
Conclusion:
The reports of the ends of the two parties are premature at best.
结论是关于两党制马上要终结的报道太莽断了。结论看了很久才明白..
Support:
1. 其他小党派未来也不会有充足的资金来支撑它的选举宣传。

5. 66s
研究想了解暴力电影对儿童的影响。
做了两个实验:
1. 电影里包括一个男孩的暴力行为。在电影后的自由玩乐时间，有20%+的孩子产生相似的暴力行为。
2. 电影换成了女孩的暴力行为。之后只有14%的孩子产生暴力行为。
结论：
暴力者是男性比是女性影响更坏，儿童更可能模仿其暴力行为。

Weaken: 1.两部电影中男孩的暴力行为比女孩的更容易模仿。
2. 细心看在发现实验前后两组参与者是不同的孩子，所以weaken就是第一组孩子本来就比第二组孩子更有暴力倾向。

抓抓sandra

哇你们瞬间把明天的都做了~~亚历山大。。。。T T