【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-3】

单身学文

1’02 做过
阻止人类登陆火星的唯一原因是重量，即便是最轻的航天器，携带燃料后也太重了。最近发明的一种新型航天器，可以解决这一问题，因为回程的燃料使用MA制造的。

37” 做过
牙科专家认为虽然补牙本身是无害的，但是不可避免的要损害其它好的部分，而且只有蛀牙伤及神经时才有还，所以不到万不得已，就不要补牙。
35” 做过
心理学家：占星师声称星座相同的人有一样的相关，经研究发现双胞胎的性格是相似的，但是同一时刻出手在纽约和多伦多的人，却截然不同。
47”
两党的势力近年来有所下降，选民们被告知，是媒体而不是党派影响的近年来的选举结果。
但是在最近的一次选举中，两党投入了大量的经费来支持自己的候选人…..后面忘了
57”
心理学家做了一组对比试验，在第一组试验中，给一群小孩子播放十来岁的男生参与进暴力活动中，在随后的自由活动中，42%的小孩子表现了他们刚刚看到的一种暴力活动；第二组试验中，播放的是十来岁的女生参与进暴力活动，仅有14%的小孩表现暴力行为。说明男孩的暴力行为更会影响小孩子。

pengfu

1、1‘13“58q:推论的依据
bg : 阻碍人类登火星的原因是重量，太重的东西降落不适合在地球上
      但是现在有个新设备发明了，太空飞船可以带着他装着燃料在返回的           时候。
依据可能是：这个东西可以在不用的时候抛弃大大减少重量。
2、53”05
q:support
bg: 填补牙洞不坏，因为避免伤害其他的牙齿
pre：但是牙洞如果不威胁到神经就不用补，而且大部分的不治疗就不威胁到神经
con:  牙医不应该补洞，除非有危险
猜测：1、神经稍有危险就能即时查出来
       2、稍有危险就补上也能帮助牙齿
       3、没伤到神经就不会对牙齿其他部分有伤害


3、40“
q：assumption是说的：调查的数量不影响实验的结果
bg:星座学家称同星座的人的性格都是相同的
pre:医院中同一时刻出生的两个人的性格就不一样


5、1’18“
q: weaken
bg: 看了两部电影（男女冲突），不同的组的学生，反应不同
con: 对于男生的打斗更有挑动性。
推测答案是：第二组的学生本来就比第一组的学生不爱打架；

ciel5chiang

1.44s
人类不能去火星的唯一的限制原因是重量.-->去往火星往返飞船所需要燃料的重量使得飞船过重而无法发射?发明一个在太空给飞船手动填充燃料的机器D?人类去火星燃料可以实现了

2.在牙齿中装一个C是对牙齿有坏处的.-->它会损坏牙齿内部的神经?医生给病人装C,除非病人的牙齿的神经能够抵抗C带来的危险

3.44s
两个人同时一个杂NY 一个在XX地方出生,他们的性的是不一样的.两个人同月日而不同年份出生,性格也是不一样的?星座学家说星座决定我们的性格,但是这是错误的.

4.1min+…
决定选举结果的是各种媒体而不是政党的权力…后面不认识的词多理解的比较模糊了

5.1min
Conclusion: children are more likely to imitate violent behavior on film when a male model is shown than when a female model is shown.

MiaZhang

1.40s
BG: people cannot go to Mars because the aircraft would have to carry too much fuel to leave off earth.
P: recently, people invented a device that can allow the aircraft to refuel in the Mars atmosphere.
C: People will be able to travel to and back from Mars.
Assumption: there will not be other factors that render people's travel to Mars
2.34s
BG: filling a cavity in a teeth is dangerous because it will harm some of the healthy part of a teeth. Cavity will not be harmful unless the cavity has reached the nerve.
P: (however) few cavity will reach the nerve
C: dentist should not fill a cavity unless the cavity is in imminent danger.
Support: imminent danger will definitely develop into harm to nerve.
3.45s
BG: 很多人觉得星座能影响人的性格，双胞胎就具有相同的性格
P: 同一时间出生在东京和纽约的两个人
C: 这两个人具有不同的性格
Assumption：这个调查可以代表所有人的情况
4.58s(严重超时！！！第一遍意思没看懂)
P:两个主要党派的影响力正在越来越小。取决党派竞选成功的因素是媒体，近年来没有其他党派候选人胜出过。现在，两个党派正在投入更多的钱在竞选当中。
C: 取消两党系统还不成熟
Support：其他党派没有那么多钱投入在媒体上
5.45s
P: 两个实验：第一个实验——给孩子们放暴力片子，里面是男性在打斗，结果孩子们有很大比例都会模仿这些行为；第二个实验——给孩子们放的暴力片子里面，主要是女性的打斗场面，结果孩子们模仿暴力行为的比例很小
C: 暴力片子中，男性的行为对孩子的影响更大
Weaken：两组实验中样本有问题，比如孩子性别比例、年龄等

纽约我爱你

1~45s
Premise: 1.the gravity makes it hard for human to get on the mars.
2.an invention can fill the energy after we get on mars.
Conclusion: it will be possible for us to get on the mars.
Assumption: there are enough source on mars to be energy(似乎错了，解决的不是重力的问题而是燃料的问题)
The craft is itself not heavy.

2~28s
Premise: 1.Only when C reaches the nerves of the tooth will it hurt us.
2.most C don’t get that deep.
Conclusion: we don’t need to fill the C immediately.
Support: most C don’t develop after they appear.

3~30s
Premise: 1. twins that have similar personalities are born at the same day.
2.people who are born at different places have different personalities.
Conclusion: the previous thought that the date of birth decides people’s personality is wrong.
Assumption: there is no other fact, such as age, can affect personality.

4~50s(看不懂，最后都是生词啊。意思似乎完全理解错了……)
Premise: 1.the third party won a lot of support
2.the two major parties spent more money than ever before.
Conclusion: the election will not be predicted.
Support:
BG：两个政党的重要性都下降，媒体的重要性上升
premise：两个政党耗费在选举上的费用都上升
conclusion：两个政党都很不成熟
Q：SUPPORT，补上GAP：成熟的政党费用节俭；不成熟的政党选举费用高
上面这个似乎比较好

5~38s
Premise: 1.many children imitate the violent behavior in the film as the actor does.
2.fewer children imitate the violent behavior in the film as the actress does.
Conclusion: children are more willing to imitate the violent behavior of male.
Weaken: the act in the second film is gentler.

Cybill

1.39'
BG: people travel to Mars need much fuel, it will make spacecraft much heavy.
Premise: A invent. make spacecraft refill fuel from Martain stmosphere.
Conclusion: people will have opportunity to go and back from Mars.

2. 34'
Premise: Fill cavity will inevitably harm the healthy part of teeth.
Conclusion: Dental should not fill cavity for patients when their cavity will not touch the nervers.
Support: Many patients who fill cavity occor nerves desease.

3. 37'
BG: the theory of horoscopes will determine is wrong.
Premise: People who born in the same time have different personality
Premise: twins who born in the same time have same personality
Conclusion: The theory is wrong.

4. 51' 还是没看懂
BG: mess media claimed about declining important of the two major parties.
Premise: No other parties's candidates won. The two major parties spend much money.
Conclusion: It seems clear that reports of the imminent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.

5. 48'
BG: violent behavior in film will inflence veiwer.
Premise: Two group research. 40% against 14%
Conclusion: people more likely to imitate male violent behavior than female.

flonacui

1. 52s
P The only difficulty that prevents a human journey to Mars is the weight.
P now, scientists have created a device to refill the tanks using the atomosphere of the Mars
C people could be able to go on Mars with the help of the device
assumption: 现在还不能refill返程所需要的全部的fuel 这个device还是不太完善； 通过atmosphere of mars refill的fuel会变得更重 返程的过程中没办法安全的把人带回来

2 44s
P filling a cavity of the tooth could be harmful because it could harm the other healthy teeth.
p some cavity are not that serious enough to harm the teeth.
C dentists should not fill a cavity unless the cavity reach that point that is harmful to humans.
加强可以来说fill a cavity的不好举例子说；

3 39s
p: twins that were born at the same time have the same personality, however, people born at the same time 40 years ago in the different place have totally different personality.
C some people claim that H completely determines the personality, and this claim is definetely false.
assumption:40年前的H 跟twins出生的H 是一样的

4 46s没太看懂。。。。
p:
C：reports of the imminent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.
5 58s
p when the model in the film is male, 42% of the students tend to imitate the action in the film; when the model in the film is female, only 14% of the students tend to imitate the action afterwards.
C children are more inclined to imitate the violence in the film when the model is male than female.
weaken: 百分数问题 没有说明两个experiments里面的同学人数是一样的 说不定另外一个基数更大； 两个experiments里面孩子的特征不一样 说不定第一个实验里的同学本来就比第二个aggressive； 播放时间不一样 比如说早上或者晚上 孩子们倾向于aggressive

Yvette19

赶着出门健身先发一个first sight版交作业，晚上回来研究question和大神答案！
1. 45s
BG: The physical factor which prevent human being from getting access to Mars is weight. The lightest spacecraft is still too heavy to get on Mars.
Premise: A recent invention of a new fuel enable the spacecraft to savely travel of its return trip.
conclusion: Someday human might get access to Mars thanks to this new fuel.

2. 50s
BG, Dental claims that filling a cravity is not harmless. Sometimes it is inevitably harmful if it is related to nerve.

Conclusion: Therefore... 为属马总是记不住推倒结论。。。差距太大了呜呜呜

3. 1min
BG: while SC believes that personalities are determined by GENE..?
psychologist thinks that it should be determined by the time??
Premise: A twin born at the same time from the same gene but two people born at the same time 40 years ago one in Toronto another in NYC, their personalities cannot be the similar.
Conclusion: Personalities are not determined by the time they bornd.

4.
被打断了又接着读了 more than 1 min
BG: popular belief that two party political system compete with each other is through mass media. Media plays an important role.
Premise: But there's actually no third party or independent party elected. in the latest election nationwide both parties made the greatest propaganda. and the reports believe that this way is the best way.

5.
1min
BG; Psychologist conducted experiment on 2 groups of children violence in relation to film.
Premise: First group of school children were shown a violent film featuring a male. As a result, there was 42 percent of immitation of violence. The second group were shown a violent film featuring a female teenager. Less of them was found commiting violence.

两小时之后我会回来滴！~

m1nt

1. 25’
Background: Weight prevents spacecraft to go to Mars. Even the lightest craft can afford the
weight of fuel for the whole journey.
Premise: A new device can help to produce fuel for the return, so the weight of the fuel carried can decline.
Conclusion: The spacecraft with new equipment can go to Mars.
Assumption: New equipment wont add more weight

2. 25’
Background: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure:
Premise: Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point.
Conclusion: Dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity
Support: Cavity without imminent danger wont have other problems

3. 25’
Background:  Claim: Horoscopes determine people's personalities.
Premise: Twins have similar personalities. But two persons born on the same day, one in NY,one in
Tokyo, have great differences in personalities.
Conclusion: This claim is false
Assumption: Gap: Born in NY and Toronto have the same horoscopes

4. 35s
Background: Media has played a significant role on the election outcome.
Premise:
Both of the two main parties have devoted much more money to the propaganda to win support every year.
No independent or third-party candidate has won any important election in recent years
Conclusion: The reports of the ends of the two parties are premature at best.
Support: Third party has no money to support that

5. 23’
Background: Psychologists conducted a series of experiments to test the effect upon schoolchildren of violence in films
Premise
2组孩子，一组看male model暴力的电影一组看female model暴力电影，第一组比第二组更容易产生暴力
Conclusion: Children are more likely to imitate violent behavior on film when a male model is shown than when a female model is shown.
Weaken: 1.开始参加的孩子不同
2. male model容易模仿

jenniferlyy125

1. P：去火星最大的障碍就是太重，一般载燃料的话会很重。现在新发明一种东西，可以在火星上加油回城。
C：所以可以带着这个发明去火星并且返回。
假设。既然说重量是最大障碍，那么假设就是这个发明的重量不太重，可以起飞，返回加的油也可以值得返程。
2.P：补牙齿的洞没害，只有在腐烂到达神经的时候才会有害。但是如果不治疗的话就永远不会到那个程度。
C: 所以，不应该补洞除非神经迫在眉睫地威胁。
腐烂到达神经才有害，所以除非神经迫在眉睫地受到威胁，才去补洞。这里应该由一个条件，就是只有在受到威胁的时候，才去补洞。
加强，说明没有威胁的时候不需要补洞（没有威胁的时候补洞不好），确定只有威胁才要补洞。
3.P：A认为星座决定性格。例子双胞胎。
C：例子，所以false，星座和性格无关。
用一个例子，就反驳，星座和性格无关，貌似无效归纳。从一个例子得出结论。假设：这个例子具有代表性。这个例子不受到其他影响，只是星座影响。
4.P：听说政党重要性下降。Media决定选举结果。但是这没有意义，因为政党筹集比以前更多钱支持候选人。
C：所以media的report说政党就要让位的说法太早了。
Media说政党要下位了，作者反驳，因为1花钱更多 2没有第三党赢
加强。就是加强结论，政党没有下位。提供其他的信息说明政党不会下位，第三挡不会取代。比如说花钱多就是政党继续掌权的标准等。
5.51’ 虽然很长，但是语言简单。
实验1：看男性暴力，42效仿。
实验2：看女性暴力，14效仿。
C：所以看男性暴力庚容易效仿。
【实验】削弱，就是说明看男性暴力不一定效仿多。可以说两个实验没有代表性，可以说是被实验者本身的特征使得他们对于男性暴力更加敏感。只要方向是证明男性暴力和效仿多没有直接关系就可以

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