SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（四）Role (Boldface)

小蓊

I am a little confused, what is the answer for "more BF question" 4?

sdcar2010

4. More and more computer programs that provide solutions to mathematical problems in engineering are being produced, and it is thus increasingly unnecessary for practicing engineers to have a thorough understanding of fundamental mathematical principles. Consequently, in training engineers who will work in industry, less emphasis should be placed on mathematical principles, so that space in the engineering curriculum will be available for other important subjects.

The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first is the second-premise that the argument includes; the second is the conclusion that could be drawn from this passage.
(B) The first is the fact that is necessary for this argument; the second is the conclusion that must be drawn from this passage.
(C) The first is the part of premise that the argument includes; the second is the inference that could be drawn from this passage.
(D) The first is the part of evidence that supports this argument; the second is the inference that could be drawn from this passage.
(E) The first is the first conclusion in this argument; the second is the second conclusion in this argument.

This one is the same as the No. 3 of the First ten questions.

Premise:
More and more computer programs that provide solutions to mathematical problems in engineering are being produced, and it is thus increasingly unnecessary for practicing engineers to have a thorough understanding of fundamental mathematical principles.

Main conclusion:
Consequently, in training engineers who will work in industry, less emphasis should be placed on mathematical principles,

Inference:
so that space in the engineering curriculum will be available for other important subjects.

The 1st BF is part of the premise. In fact, it is an intermediate conclusion, but remember, intermediate conclusion is still part of the premise for the main conclusion. If you call it the 2nd premise, that is correct.

The 2nd BF is the trick part. The phrases "so that" and "will be" indicates that this sentence is a prediction or purpose or extension derived from the main conclusion. In that sense, it is an inference, not a conclusion.

I am a little confused, what is the answer for "more BF question" 4?

-- by 会员 小蓊 (2011/8/2 23:44:51)

小蓊

3 Q ~~
then what about the question 3? I chose B, since I don't suppot the "one of the point" in A.
And the question 8~

听枫

Thx a lot!
Before finishing this note I'm so confused with premise and evidence, background and pre-evidence. But it's now all clear to me~~~I really appreciate your kindness~

ba80418

Dear NiuNiu SDCAR,

Could you post the OAs for those 10 more questions again? I am totally confused now....

Many Thanks!!!!^___^

qiuhua01234567

牛牛好，看了你的帖子，写的真的很精彩。我看完一章再总结OG上的题目，今天看到BF。被一道OG题目困惑了，冒昧请求您帮忙解答一下。
79.   In countries where automobile insurance
includes compensation for whiplash injuries
sustained in automobile accidents, reports of
having suffered such injuries are twice as
frequent as they are in countries where whiplash
is not covered. Presently, no objective test for
whiplash exists, so it is true that spurious reports of
whiplash injuries cannot be readily identified.
Nevertheless, these facts do not warrant the
conclusion drawn by some commentators that in the
countries with the higher rates of reported whiplash
injuries, half of the reported cases are spurious.
Clearly, in countries where automobile insurance
does not include compensation for whiplash,
people often have little incentive to report
whiplash injuries that they actually have suffered.
In the argument given, the two boldfaced portions play
which of the following roles?
(B)    The first is a claim that the argument disputes;
the second is a conclusion that has been based
on that claim.
(C)    The first is a claim that has been used to
support a conclusion that the argument accepts;
the second is that conclusion.
(D)    The first is evidence that has been used to
support a conclusion for which the argument
provides further evidence; the second is the
main conclusion of the argument.
(E)    The first is a finding whose implications are at
issue in the argument; the second is a claim
presented in order to argue against deriving
certain implications from that finding.
(F)    The first is a finding whose accuracy is evaluated
in the argument; the second is evidence
presented to establish that the finding is
accurate.
（不好意思，我试了好多次，都没法把划线部分弄成划线的,就麻烦下牛牛翻下书，OG12的）
这题中，conclusion是什么？按照OG的解释，clearly后面的是推翻前面的解释。但我觉得把它看成main conclusion也行啊？前面的当成所有原因。能帮忙分析下吗？真的十分感谢。

jessnie

请问楼主第一题选项中“present an development that..."具体是什么意思呢？

VivienneLynn

Dear Sdcar,

Besides the premise and conclusion(I can discern them now thanks to your posts! ),  some other components such as Fact, Principle, Consideration, Prediction and Evidence often shows up in the options.

I found these terms quite confusing, would you please explain more about those components?

-- by 会员 perain (2011/6/20 11:39:52)

An argument has at least two components: a premise and a conclusion.

The conclusion is supported directly by the premise.

The premise can be supported by Evidence: The followings can be used as evidence to support a premise: statistical studies, historical information, physical evidence, observations, or experiments, eyewitness accounts, news reports, etc.

Opinion or viewpoint or assertion is a statement to affirm or deny a proposition.

Fact: A summary of what happened or what was observed.

Principle: A rule which governs actions.

Prediction: A guess of what might happen in the future

Consideration: A factor to be considered when forming a judgment or making a decision.

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/22 12:04:02)

thanks for such a clear definition.

sandychen168

honored sdcar2010:
At first, thank you very very very much for your masterpiece. It successfully dragged me out of a complete mess.

But I still have a question about Q1, whose correct answer says "the first presents a development that the argument ........"

what dose "development" mean in this case?

couldn't thank you more!

shallowshade

sdcar2010:
       I' m so lucky that I found this discussion, with your help I get really clear about the elements in CR, mark for further digesting !!!!!