SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（四）Role (Boldface)

Vicky90

楼主明见！
关于第二个问题：
2) Something must be done to stop spam. In early days, people seldom received unsolicited email advertisement; but now that numerous bulk email software and email address finders are developed to collect email address all around the world. Advertisers use email addresses to market their products and even sell such email lists to other advertisers. As a result, almost everyone ever get junk email, and sometime several and even tens of annoying emails a day. So, relevant anti-spam regulations should be framed to stop unsolicited advertising.

The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. Background that the argument depends on and conclusion that can be drawn from the argument. (A)
B. Part of evidence that the argument includes, and inference that can be drawn from this passage.
C. Pre-evidence that the argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
D. Background that argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
E. Pre-evidence that argument includes and a method that helps to supports that conclusion.

Main conclusion:
Something must be done to stop spam. Relevant anti-spam regulations should be framed to stop unsolicited advertising.
－－在一段话里可以有两个main point吗？我认为main point是Something must be done to stop spam。因此选E，请解释！谢谢哈

-- by 会员 lxcyun (2011/6/17 6:47:24)

Only one main conclusion.  Just different ways to say it.
Something = regulations
done = framed
spam = unsolicited advertising.

The first BF is not pre-evidence. The first BF is a background of the argument (why now is different from before).

The more I read this question and its answer choices, the more I think this is a badly-written question. Both A and B might be the answer. An inference should be Must-be-true. But the last sentence is clearly not Must-be-true.

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/17 8:22:06)

我能认为last sentence is a method for main conclusion 但不是main conclusion ?

Vicky90

LZ 求！！！！
 
     有很多选项说的 inference  我都觉得它是method 。。这俩个可以等同么？？

谢谢~
PS：一直在看LZ的汇总贴，还是新手啊新手~~>\\\<

qiushuan

"The percentage of children having psychological problems is higher among children of Sea Turtle parents than among other children in China."

The above sentence is simply a fact, not a claim. Claim is a statement made by an author based on facts, background info, known premise, etc. A claim is: Someone thinks something is this or something causes this or something is correct/wrong. A fact usually contains numbers or percentages or other Hard Data.

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/7/3 11:09:32)

thxs!!!!

sdcar2010

LZ 求！！！！

     有很多选项说的 inference  我都觉得它是method 。。这俩个可以等同么？？

谢谢~
PS：一直在看LZ的汇总贴，还是新手啊新手~~>\\\<

-- by 会员 Vicky90 (2011/7/3 14:35:23)

Strictly speaking, inference should not be stated in the stimulus/passage.  Therefore, quite a few questions listing inference as part of the stimulus/passage are very odd to me. Most likely these are questions from sources other than the GMAC.

MarsTOF

8错3啊  哎  一会回来做后十道。。

灭绝湿太

之前木有时间看，现在看了，收获颇丰啊！

感谢lz！！！

rikihsu

感谢LZ啊！

skyindeer

NN 第五题“Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca's schools. Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.”

答案为什么是A？？？ Main conclusion 为什么不是retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially？？？

sdcar2010

5) Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca's schools. Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.

In CR, always pay attention to the author's opion. Here, the author's opinion/main conclusion is that "The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca's schools." Then to support the above conlusion, the author listed "Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially."

So retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially is an intermediate conclusion which is also a premise to the main conclusion.

NN 第五题“Aroca City currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place of this system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on all retail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raised for schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probably not reduce the money going to Aroca's schools. Several large retailers have selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certain to draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where sales are taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially.”

答案为什么是A？？？ Main conclusion 为什么不是retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increase substantially？？？

-- by 会员 skyindeer (2011/7/12 21:01:05)

抓抓sandra

Q1
5) ArocaCity currently funds its public schools through taxes on property. In place ofthis system, the city plans to introduce a sales tax of three percent on allretail sales in the city. Critics protest that three percent of current retail sales falls short of the amount raisedfor schools by property taxes. The critics are correct on this point. Nevertheless, implementing the plan will probablynot reduce the money going to Aroca's schools. Several large retailershave selected Aroca City as the site for huge new stores, and these are certainto draw large numbers of shoppers from neighboring municipalities, where salesare taxed at rates of six percent and more. In consequence, retail sales in Aroca City are bound to increasesubstantially.

In theargument given, the two potions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The firstis an objection that has been raised against a certain plan; the second is aprediction that, if accurate, undermines the force of that objection.[correct]
B. Thefirst is a criticism, endorsed by the argument, of a funding plan; the secondis a point the argument makes in favor of adopting an alternative plan.
C. Thefirst is a criticism, endorsed by the argument, of a funding plan; the secondis the main reason cited by the argument for its endorsement of the criticism.
D. Thefirst is a claim that the argument seeks to refute; the second is the mainpoint used by the argument to show that the claim is false.
E. The first is a claim thatthe argument accepts with certain reservations; the second presents that claimin a rewarding that is not subject to those reservations.[my false choice]




sdcar, could you please explain the meaning of the underlined part in choice E? I don't fully understand it..> <
plus: the first sentence in choice E is correct, right?


Here is the other question, which i kinda doubt the answer..


Q2
6) The stable functioning of a societydepends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact that unless the majority ofindividuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will beimpossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfactionof the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if itslaws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.

The claimthat a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of itscitizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It isthe conclusion of the argument.
(B)It helps to support the conclusion of the argument. (也就是前提)
(C) It isa claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.
(D) It isa consequence of the argument.
(E) It is used to illustrate the general principlethat the argument presupposes.


In your explanation, the highlighted part should be the conclusion, while in choice B it is described as a premise.
Aren't they contradictory? Can you help explain the above two questions please~thx alot~ =）