SDCAR2010【逻辑入门】（四）Role (Boldface)

ZZmoment

同问！ 第四题 B 为何不对？

sdcar2010

Hi Sdcar,

In your interpretation, Consideration: A factor to be considered when forming a judgment or making a decision.
Can Consideration be regarded as Premise?

Thank you!

-- by 会员 twobirds (2011/10/30 11:37:14)

Sure. I do not see why not.

xqxqzym

必顶好贴啊··

viola芊

thx

Ellen影子

牛牛谢谢你的讲解 对我帮助很大
我想请问下8题中的第4题。Conclusion是 That plan is ill conceived
从这个 ill conceived 可不可以理解 这个PLAN 有所欠缺，作者在这里没有直接的反对，也没有表示支持。
所以A      reject     错
BC 的 concludes cannot be attained   也错
E    endorses    错


这样逻辑好像有问题，请牛牛指教！

安吉拉丁白痴痴

受益匪浅~THX~

翠儿卡

LZ, something discussed here: http://gmatclub.com/forum/something-must-be-done-to-ease-traffic-congestion-in-5128.html

i think the answer for #9 "something must be done to ease traffic congestion" is A.

in addition, #2 is almost analogous to #9 in structure.

wildmantomba

有个疑问请教一下
第一组练习题的第二题和第二组练习题的第九题的结构不是一样吗
为什么会有两种答案取向呢

2) Something must be done to stop spam. In early days, people seldom received unsolicited email advertisement; but now that numerous bulk email software and email address finders are developed to collect email address all around the world. Advertisers use email addresses to market their products and even sell such email lists to other advertisers. As a result, almost everyone ever get junk email, and sometime several and even tens of annoying emails a day. So, relevant anti-spam regulations should be framed to stop unsolicited advertising.

The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. Background that the argument depends on and conclusion that can be drawn from the argument. (A)
B. Part of evidence that the argument includes, and inference that can be drawn from this passage.
C. Pre-evidence that the argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
D. Background that argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
E. Pre-evidence that argument includes and a method that helps to supports that conclusion.

Only one main conclusion.  Just different ways to say it.
Something = regulations
done = framed
spam = unsolicited advertising.

The first BF is not pre-evidence. The first BF is a background of the argument (why now is different from before).

The more I read this question and its answer choices, the more I think this is a badly-written question. Both A and B might be the answer. An inference should be Must-be-true. But the last sentence is clearly not Must-be-true.
-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/17 8:22:06)
[/quote]

Thank you ! Sdcar2010, but i am little confused about the distiction between the premise and the evidence, i think the 1st BF is part of evidences which parallels with "More and more computer programs that provide solutions to mathematical problems in engineering are being produced" as a whole to substantiate the main conclusion. could you shed some light on the difference between the premise and evidence?

-- by 会员 jameshzd (2011/6/19 14:31:57)

In a nutshell,
A Premise directly supports a Conclusion; and
An Evidence directly supports a Premise.

Based on the above definition, 1st BF is a premise, not an evidence, since it directly supports the conclusion, not the first premise.

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/19 20:35:40)

9. Something must be done to ease traffic congestion. In traditional small towns, people used to work and shop in the same town in which they lived; but now that stores and workplaces are located far away from residential areas, people cannot avoid traveling long distances each day. Traffic congestion is so heavy on all roads that, even on major highways where the maximum speed limit is 55 miles per hour, the actual speed averages only 35 miles per hour. So new businesses should be encouraged to locate closer to where their workers would live.

The two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) Background that the argument depends on and conclusion that can be drawn from the argument.
(B) Part of evidence that the argument includes, and inference that can be drawn from this passage.
(C) Pre-evidence that the argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
(D) Background that argument depends on and part of evidence that supports the conclusion.
(E) Pre-evidence that argument includes and a method that helps to supports that conclusion.

Something must be done to ease traffic congestion (Main Conclusion). In traditional small towns, people used to work and shop in the same town in which they lived; but now that stores and workplaces are located far away from residential areas, people cannot avoid traveling long distances each day (Evidence). Traffic congestion is so heavy on all roads that, even on major highways where the maximum speed limit is 55 miles per hour, the actual speed averages only 35 miles per hour (Premise). So new businesses should be encouraged to locate closer to where their workers would live (inference? or recommendation).

So the structure is: Conclusion, Evidence, Premise, Inference (?) or recommendation.

Inference: It is something that must be true based on certain facts. Normally, it would not show up in an argument in which premises and a conclusion are present. However, we have seen quite a few similar question, where the author starts with a conclusion like (Something must be done) and ends with a recommandation (Somthing very detailed should be done). Does the last sentence fits the bill of an inference? Not quite because it is not a Must-be-true type of answer. It is more like a subsidiary conclusion, something that the author recommends. However, you cannot arrive at the recommendation simply following from the premise given.

Therefore, the answer is a toss-up between A and B.

I suspect the origin of this question is not from GMAC. Too many confusions, no clear-cut winner among the answer choices!

-- by 会员 sdcar2010 (2011/6/19 20:39:38)

wildmantomba

6) The stable functioning of a society depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens. This is clear from the fact thatunless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry, and it should be obvious that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens.

The claim that a society is stable only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.
(B) It helps to support the conclusion of the argument. (B)
(C) It is a claim that must be refuted if the conclusion is to be established.
(D) It is a consequence of the argument.
(E) It is used to illustrate the general principle that the argument presupposes

没有看懂啊， SHOULD BE这个语气， 更像是作者的一个判断, 为什么算PREMISE？

-- by 会员 gelukkig (2011/9/20 21:30:56)

Conclusion
The stable functioning of a society（A） depends upon the relatively long-term stability of the goals of its citizens（C）.
This is clear from the fact that
Premise 1
unless the majority of individuals have a predictable and enduring set of aspirations（C）, it will be impossible for a legislature to craft laws that will augment the satisfaction of the citizenry （B）
, and it should be obvious that
Premise 2
a society is stable（A） only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens（B）.

The claim that a society is stable（A） only if its laws tend to increase the happiness of its citizens（B）plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

sdcar2010

You are right. Both questions have the same argument structure. I tend to think that neither was an authentic GMAT question. So treat my analysis with a grain of salt.

有个疑问请教一下
第一组练习题的第二题和第二组练习题的第九题的结构不是一样吗
为什么会有两种答案取向呢

-- by 会员 wildmantomba (2011/12/28 14:33:42)