OG-39,49 现在分词放在句尾的修饰

joywzy

39. For members of the seventeenth-century Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears.

a method to protect
as a method protecting
protecting
as a protection of
to protect
Choice C is best because the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did. Choices A and B awkwardly use the singular word method to refer to items of military equipment rather than to the use of such items. Also, a method of protecting would be more idiomatic than a method to protect in A or a method protecting in B. In B and D, as is incorrect; also, a protection in D has no noun for which it can logically substitute. Choice E is incomplete; used to protect would have been acceptable.

49. The cameras of the Voyager II spacecraft detected six small, previously unseen moons circling Uranus, which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting the distant planet

which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting
doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known to orbit
which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known in orbit around
doubling to twelve the number of satellites now known as orbiting
which doubles to twelve the number of satellites now known that orbit
The pronoun which should be used to refer to a previously mentioned noun, not to the idea expressed in an entire clause. In A, C, and E, which seems to refer to a vague concept involving the detection of moons, but there is no specific noun, such as detection, to which it can refer. Also in E, the use of the phrasing the number... now known that orbit is ungrammatical and unclear. B and D use the correct participial form, doubling, to modify the preceding clause, but D, like A, uses known as orbiting rather than known to orbit, a phrase that is more idiomatic in context. B, therefore, is the best answer.

T39题,protecting修饰的是什么?要不要考虑什么发起者?

T49,doubling修饰的是什么?

现在分词短词在句末,是如何判断修饰的什么呢?我一直不明白.不知哪位能讲讲?

谢谢.　

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-27 8:06:43编辑过]

braveMBA

39、the participle protecting begins a phrase that explains what the shields did，动作的发起者就是shields，句子主语。

49、这里modify the preceding clause，现在分词在句尾，可以做定语、伴随状语、目的状语（结果状语）。我认为这里做结果状语。比较灵活，要根据句子意思来判断。

joywzy

可是,为何现在分词有时又修饰前面的主句,有进又修饰前面的句子呢?

在判断现在分词在句末修饰什么,有什么标准吗?


谢谢.

braveMBA

现在分词做定语时，其一定有修饰对象，一般情况下，在句尾做定语，其逻辑主语是句子主语，但是还是要根据句子意思来判断；
做状语时，如果是表示伴随动作，一般情况下是修饰主句的动作谓语；如果做伴随结果，是修饰整个句子。
所以，以上主要都是通过句子意思来判断的。

joywzy

brave GG,谢谢你.

现在分词放在句尾的修饰,我一直糊涂呢.头都痛了.

咱们拿题说,好吗?

T39,protecting修饰的是shield,是作状语吗,解释性状语?
T49,doubling,修饰的是前面的句子,是做状语,表示结果?

我还是晕.

昨晚查了LZM和张道真的语法书,这方面没有非常明确的说法.只是说放在句尾,表示状语时,有表示伴随或表示结果?

或者换个角度来想,不用考虑用什么样的状语,只要考虑修饰的是谁?有什么标准吗?(考试中是不是只考修饰的是谁?)

谢谢.

braveMBA

T39 感觉是定语，修饰句子主语
T49 感觉是结果状语

joywzy

怎么回事呢???

braveMBA

JOY，39你可以这样理解：
animal-hide shields with wooden frames protecting warriors against enemy arrows and spears were essential items of military equipment

只不过分词短语放在主谓之间太累赘，所以放在了句尾。还记得TOEFL里有很多这样的分词做定语的形式吗？

如果分词修饰的是名词，一定是做定语；如果修饰的是谓语动词，通常是伴随动作状语；如果修饰的整个句子，通常是结果状语，例如第二题。

MAKE SENSE？

joywzy

brave GG:

可不可以这样讲:

修饰名词就是做定语,如T39.

修饰前面句子的就是做状语,

可是问题是,我就是没搞清现在分词放在句尾究竟修饰的是什么啊???

braveMBA

修饰名词就是做定语,如T39.

修饰前面句子的就是做状语,

对！
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可是问题是,我就是没搞清现在分词放在句尾究竟修饰的是什么啊???

这要根据句子意思，如果修饰的是句子主语或者就近的名词，就是定语；如果修饰的是动词或者是句子，则是状语。