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[揽瓜阁精读] 307. The atrocities committed during the Second World War

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发表于 2023-5-22 08:08:22 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
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The atrocities committed during the Second World War by the National Socialists are well known and have been meticulously documented by historians. Far less known, however, are the mass deportations that took place almost two years after the conclusion of the war, this time orchestrated by the Allied governments. In the years after 1945, over 12 million German-speaking citizens of Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Poland were dispossessed, packed into trains, and left to fend for themselves in newly defeated and impoverished Germany. What allowed for this mass exile—the largest forced migration in history—was the confluence of political motivations on the part of the key players. The expelling countries of Eastern and Central Europe were especially keen on punishing Germans for the horrors of the war—though, of course, their own German-speaking populations were hardly responsible for Germany’s actions—and on increasing the ethnic homogeneity within their borders. The Allied powers, too, had something to gain. The Soviet Union, intent on capitalizing politically on German’s defeat, aimed to irrevocably undermine relations between Germany and Poland, especially by ceding German territory to Poland and emptying it of its inhabitants. Britain, weary from the war, hoped the resulting mass suffering would reinforce the completeness of Germany’s defeat. And the United States, in turn, was attempting to cozy up to the nations of Eastern and Central Europe in the hopes of keeping them away from Soviet influence.

The result of the deportations, however, was the death of at least 500,000 people and Germany’s acquisition of a homeless population far greater than that of any other industrialized country. The death toll was not far worse, furthermore, only because the Soviets’ ambition to cripple Germany was unsuccessful. Following the war, Germany underwent what is known as its “economic miracle,” which made it possible to house, feed, and employ the mass of exiles. That this episode is practically excised from the history books in some countries, however, is surely corroboration of the platitude that history is written by the victors.

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沙发
发表于 2023-5-22 08:23:36 发自 iPhone | 只看该作者
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5#
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666
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P1 背景
二战结束后,欧洲许多国家把讲德语的人驱逐回战败的德国。造成此次大驱逐的同盟国各自打着自己算盘:苏联想进一步破坏德国-波兰关系;英国希望巩固德国彻底的失败;美国想通过此举亲近欧洲,使后者远离苏联势力影响。

P2 结果
至少50万人死亡。死亡人数没有更多,只是因为苏联想削弱德国的计划失败了。大驱逐发生后德国经历了经济奇迹,只不过这件事没有被其他国家提及,印证了那句古话,“历史由胜利者书写”
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