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45. 软件行业的发展
P1 - A business history of the software industry from the days of custom programing to the mass-market software and games.
The most influential softwares at ealy stage: Autoflow, Mark IV. => Proved viable after IBM unbundling decision.
Previously, SWs were free of charge => A turning point as IBM unbundle SWs under antitrust pressure.
P2 - At first, the SW business was likened to the recorded-music industry. => Because of high marketing costs and the need for sales support, SW were capital goods. => The firms looked to computer manufacturers for role models.
The capabilities developed by SW firms were: exploitation of scale(EOS), corporate marketing, quality assurance, pre-post-sales support.
1/ EOS is the most important since it is the only way to recover the high development cost of SWs.
2/ Quota-based sales organization.
3/ Quality is paramount. => beta testing to ensure quality.
4/ Pre-/post- sales support was needed to establish a long-term customer relationship: e.g. customization, user training, regular upgrades=> additional income.
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