难题！天山－4－38

bonniexq

看得十分晕，转不过了

都挺有道理，但如果说rural area没有这些设施就说不是nationwide觉得有些牵强，

还是C吧

scorp_w

此题真的难！想了好久了！很迷茫！

我的答案还是倾向于c的！这次对lawyer的解释不是很认同

c和b的区别在于，重点强调地方法规的全州化还是强调州法律是否在全州范围内有效。前者是c后者是b

而问题问misleading  to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances statewide?

答案就要是上面的反面：地区条例未扩展到整个州！

这里地区条例是关键。

其实写这个时候，我滴态度还是摇摆滴！在想想吧！群策群力！

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-10-31 19:57:04编辑过]

josan

支持B。B和C都能够从不同侧面解释此题，但是纯粹从解题方法的角度来说，提干仅有3句话组成，相信每一句都包含有解题的信息，而C即使第3句不存在也不影响C的答案，而B则充分的应用了文中每句的信息。

12345678912345

头大，我直接翻到10th pasage还没有结论，这题我选的是c

因为这个misleading是选民可能误认为是将local的条例扩展到全州，如果根据c选项，那么事实不是这样的，state的law会压制local law，但是选民没有在circulation上看到这点含义的话，就会被misleading为local law扩展state了，嘻嘻，不知所云，anyway，support c

evonneangela

E

关键在于理解吧，问题中不是“误导选民去认为要extenging”

而是问的“会误导那些已经认为是extending的选民”

注意that的修饰啊！

下面是我的一些观点，考试时我还是会选择E的

★Q38:

In one state, all cities and most towns have antismoking ordinances. A petition entitled

“Petition for Statewide Smoking Restriction” is being circulated to voters by campaign

workers who ask only, “Do you want to sign a petition for statewide smoking

restriction?” The petition advocates a state law banning smoking in most retail

establishments and in government offices that are open to the public.

翻译:在一个州,所有的城市和乡镇里都有反吸烟的法令.一个以“请求州范围内的吸烟限制”命名的请愿被发放到选民们中去，但这些选民只被竞选工作人员问了一个问题：“你们愿意为全州范围的吸烟限制签名请愿吗？”而实际上，那个请愿只要求州法律禁止在零售业机构和政府机构那些公共场所吸烟。

Which of the following circumstances would make the petition(请愿) as circulated misleading to voters who understand the proposal as extending the local ordinances (法令)statewide?（下面哪种情况下这种请愿会误导选民，而那些选民本以为请愿是建议将地方法律扩展到州法令而是限烟更有效）

A. Health costs associated with smoking cause health insurance premiums to rise for everyone and so affect nonsmokers. 无关

B. In rural areas of the state, there are relatively few retail establishments and government offices that are open to the public.（无关！题目说的是请愿与选民之间，与这个petition是否是公正对待地区的无关，而且这项有关，petition的建议并没有说明他们不同意在其他地方的禁烟，或者这个建议与地方是否还生效无关）

C. The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger bans than the state law does.州法令本身高于地方法令＝＝没有误导，符合选民观点，即州法令更有效

D. There is considerable sentiment among voters in most areas of the state for restriction of smoking.无关

E. The state law would not affect existing local ordinances banning smoking in places where the fire authorities have determined that smoking would constitute a fire hazard.（州法令的效力实际不如地方法令，这样的请愿方式就会误导选民，让其投错票，即实际上投票结果是使禁烟更没有效力了）

zx_nju

第一感选了C,没想到有这么大争议！

leonchan

第10页几位同志该打PP，不看完全部讨论怎么能提出自己意见？

的确是存在“程度”说和“范围”说两种理解。

但是extend的意思是什么？

ex*tend   
          extend  extends  extending  extended      
1     If you say that something, usually something large, extends for a particular distance or extends from one place to another, you are indicating its size or position.
  The caves extend for some 18 kilometres...
  The main stem will extend to around 12ft, if left to develop naturally...
  Our personal space extends about 12 to 18 inches around us...
  The high-speed train service is planned to extend from Paris to Bordeaux...
  The new territory would extend over one-fifth of Canada's land mass.
     VERB: V for amount, V to amount, V amount, V from n to n, V over n, also V to n  
     
2     If an object extends from a surface or place, it sticks out from it.
  A shelf of land extended from the escarpment.
     VERB: V from n  
     
3     If an event or activity extends over a period of time, it continues for that time.
  ...a playing career in first-class cricket that extended from 1894 to 1920...
  The courses are based on a weekly two-hour class, extending over a period of 25 weeks.
     VERB: V from n to n, V over n, also V to n  
     
4     If something extends to a group of people, things, or activities, it includes or affects them.
  The service also extends to wrapping and delivering gifts...
  His influence extends beyond the TV viewing audience.
     VERB: V to n/-ing, V beyond n  
     
5     If you extend something, you make it longer or bigger.
  This year they have introduced three new products to extend their range...
  The building was extended in 1500.
  ...an extended exhaust pipe.
     VERB: V n, V n, V-ed  
     
6     If a piece of equipment or furniture extends, its length can be increased.
  ... a table which extends to accommodate extra guests...
  The table extends to 220cm.
     VERB: V, V to amount  
     
7     If you extend something, you make it last longer than before or end at a later date.
  They have extended the deadline by twenty-four hours.
  ...an extended contract.
     VERB: V n, V-ed  
     
8     If you extend something to other people or things, you make it include or affect more people or things.
  It might be possible to extend the technique to other crop plants.
     VERB: V n to n  
     
9     If someone extends their hand, they stretch out their arm and hand to shake hands with someone.
  The man extended his hand: `I'm Chuck'.
     VERB: V n  
     = stretch out  
(c) HarperCollins Publishers.

从上面所有解释可以看出，extend的意思是一个冬冬扩展了它的长度、范围，可是你不能理解成一个冬冬在extend的过程中改变了自身吧？肯定是一个本质上不变的冬冬extend。所以我认为应该是“程度”说有效。

Vote for C

leonchan

携隐的例子有一个assumption：

那些员工只想去某些特定的国家；所以一旦旅游目的地发生变化，他们会反对。

但是原文中并没有说那些voter到底想在什么地方禁烟。两个情况不一样。好比原来我本可以享受公司福利出国旅游，现在说新计划公司提供的资助少了，问我支不支持新计划？TMD我当然不支持，我干嘛要多花钱，那还不如原来的旅游计划呢。

MochaWei

it' s definitely B.

evan5294

又来插一句

来个反推B项:

如果In rural areas of the state, there are MANY retail establishments and government offices, 那么这个请愿有没有mislead?

这个问题就涉及到statewide的定义. 如果在全州的retail establishments and government offices禁烟就算是全州的全面的禁烟, 那么林则徐就冤死了.他只要在全中国的政府衙门里禁烟, 那么他就可以大言不惭: 我在全中国禁烟了, 何必冒那么大的危险去查封洋鬼子的烟呢?

C中有个前提可以强调:

C. The state law would supersede the local antismoking ordinances, which contain stronger

bans than the state law does

这个would说明还没有state law banning smoking . 这个前提可以合理的导致被问者以为要将本地法推广. (如果已经有state law banning smoking, 那就应该用废除,而不是扩展 )

题外话: 看见各位大牛们的推理, 非常佩服. 不过12页看下来,比模考还痛苦. 记得众多NN评价:GMAT逻辑没有LSAT严密. 所以没有必要钻牛角尖. 体会下大家对题目的理解, 看看自己有没有理解错, 就差不多了. 非要弄个正确答案, 就只好请教ETS, 不知道它肯不肯呢?