gwd-3-40（没讨论过的）请教

smartcoco

将C取非，the mainland's environment has changed   in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mianland growing to be 40 centimenters taller than they did two  centuries ago.
中文为：mainland的环境发生了 导致mainland 的turfil sunflowers比他们200年前长高了40公分   的变化。
即，mainland 上面的太阳花自己因为环境的变化长高了40cm ，而Tufe Island上面的花高度没有改变，对原文进行weaked.

dirrrk

以下是引用bryan0806在2004-10-8 1:21:00的发言：

以前看也觉得怪怪的 忘了回来想

现在想通了  

1。Tufe Peninsula(半岛) = Tufe Island(岛屿)   半岛和大陆分开当然就变岛屿拉 只不过一个是以前 一个是现在  下面这句可以验证

2。Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was.

醍醐灌顶。

phoebe2009

Q40:

Two centuries ago, Tufe Peninsula became separated form the mainland, isolating on the newly formed Tufe Island a population of Turfil sunflowers. This population’s descendants grow to be, on average, 40 centimeters shorter than Turfil sunflowers found on the mainland. Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was. So the current average height of Tufe’s Turfil sunflowers is undoubtedly at least partially attributable to changes in Tufe’s environmental conditions.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

1. There are no types of vegetation on Tufe Island that are known to benefit from dry conditions.
           
2. There were about as many Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Peninsula two centuries ago as there are on Tufe Island today.
           
3. The mainland’s environment has not changed in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mainland growing to be 40 centimeters taller than they did two centuries ago.

4. The soil on Tufe Island, unlike that on the mainland, lacks important nutrients that help Turfil sunflowers survive and grow tall in a dry environment.
           
5. The 40-centimeter height difference between the Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Island and those on the mainland is the only difference between the two populations.

结论说花的平均高度至少部分的是由于Tufe的环境条件的改变

D说,在Tufe Island上的土壤,不像在mainland上,缺乏能帮助Turfil sunflowers在dry环境下生存和长高的营养.

D是支持啊,是土壤的原因正好支持了是由于环境的变化,

为什么前面的人都说D是削弱呢?

rpch2004

以下是引用phoebe2009在2008-10-22 22:31:00的发言：

Q40:

Two centuries ago, Tufe Peninsula became separated form the mainland, isolating on the newly formed Tufe Island a population of Turfil sunflowers. This population’s descendants grow to be, on average, 40 centimeters shorter than Turfil sunflowers found on the mainland. Tufe Island is significantly drier than Tufe Peninsula was. So the current average height of Tufe’s Turfil sunflowers is undoubtedly at least partially attributable to changes in Tufe’s environmental conditions.

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

1. There are no types of vegetation on Tufe Island that are known to benefit from dry conditions.
     
2. There were about as many Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Peninsula two centuries ago as there are on Tufe Island today.
     
3. The mainland’s environment has not changed in ways that have resulted in Turfil sunflowers on the mainland growing to be 40 centimeters taller than they did two centuries ago.

4. The soil on Tufe Island, unlike that on the mainland, lacks important nutrients that help Turfil sunflowers survive and grow tall in a dry environment.
     
5. The 40-centimeter height difference between the Turfil sunflowers on Tufe Island and those on the mainland is the only difference between the two populations.

结论说花的平均高度至少部分的是由于Tufe的环境条件的改变

D说,在Tufe Island上的土壤,不像在mainland上,缺乏能帮助Turfil sunflowers在dry环境下生存和长高的营养.

D是支持啊,是土壤的原因正好支持了是由于环境的变化,

为什么前面的人都说D是削弱呢?

本题看到这里可以看出3个导致大陆比岛上的花更高的原因：

（1）原文结论：大陆的花更高是因为Tufe Island分离后Tufe Island的环境条件改变了（或者说分离变干了）

（2）正确选项C：大陆的花更高不是因为大陆的生长方式改变，使的太阳花现在可以长更高了  

这里的“不是”就是否掉他因，支持原有原因，属于not weaken型假设 

（3）D：岛上花更矮是因为Tufe Island上的土壤没有提供可以长高营养

这里给出他因，削弱原有原因，属于weaken

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-10-22 23:05:21编辑过]

phoebe2009

（3）D：岛上花更矮是因为Tufe Island上的土壤没有提供可以长高营养

这里给出他因，削弱原有原因，属于weaken

是土壤的原因,正好支持了是环境变化的原因啊,土壤不是属于环境吗?

rpch2004

以下是引用phoebe2009在2008-10-22 23:28:00的发言：

（3）D：岛上花更矮是因为Tufe Island上的土壤没有提供可以长高营养

这里给出他因，削弱原有原因，属于weaken

是土壤的原因,正好支持了是环境变化的原因啊,土壤不是属于环境吗?

原文说的环境变化是指干旱，而你说土壤虽然也是环境，但是是环境里头的他因啊。原文说是干旱导致，你又说是土壤，那到底是谁呢？？？削弱！

johnbelieve

终于明白了……看得头大了……

ursula_1

总结一下，c，取非削弱，d它因削弱，取非削弱优于它因削弱

伯爵奶茶

大家都认为：原来的岛和原来的大陆没有分离时是一样的    后来分离了，现在的岛比现在的大陆矮了  是因为两种原因  1.岛变矮了  大陆没有变    2.岛没变   大陆变高了

所以c选项取非后是：大陆变高了  即第2种原因（ 岛没变   大陆变高了）     那么原文changes in Tufe’s environmental conditions→the current average height of Tufe’s Turfil sunflowers  即第1种原因（岛变矮了  大陆没有变）  一定推不出来  所以c正确

可是我认为：岛比大陆矮了   是有5种原因   1.岛变矮了，大陆没有变  2.岛没变，大陆变高了  3.同时都变高  4.同时都变矮  5.岛变矮，大陆变高   只要相对变化幅度相差40就行了

所以c选项取非后是：大陆变高了  即第2种原因或者第3种原因又或者第5种原因     那么原文changes in Tufe’s environmental conditions→the current average height of Tufe’s Turfil sunflowers  即因为岛的环境变化导致现在岛上的高度   依然可以由于第3或第5种原因，让原文推理成立啊  那说明c不是assumption

请大家指正啊，我也不知道我的想法对不对？我觉得此题没有答案，没有一个是assumption。

[此贴子已经被作者于2009-3-30 10:00:21编辑过]

小羽羽

文中说干旱的土壤导致植被高矮不一
C说不是因为土壤变化导致了高矮变化，即除了干旱，没有别的影响会导致高矮不一，是排他因
D说，因为土质缺乏养分，是指出他因，因而是削弱

当时看到C中的environment has not changed楞了半天，觉得是削弱，后来发现题干的environmental conditions觉得和environment还是有差别的