GWD 12 阅读第一篇 Q7

agk99

to forlove

the answer to 12-7 suohld be A.

legendbird

Q7为什么不选B呢?B的结论<动物不具有人类的这种reexperience the past through memory的能力>是可以同时被Clayton和Tulving证实的呀:

Clayton的观点在最后一句可以体现出来

Such experiments cannot,

however, reveal whether the birds were

       reexperiencing the past when retrieving the

information.  Clayton acknowledged this by

using the term “episodic-like” memory

Tulving的观点蕴涵在文章第一句

文中开始就提到了Tulving定义的'episodic memory'是指 'the ability to recollect specific past events, to travel back into the past in one's own mind',也就是说,这种能力是reexperience the past through memory. 而且在定义之前用破折号强调这个'episodic memory'是'refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity', 这就暗指动物们是没有这个reexperience the past through memory的能力的

whoami2

GWD 12 Q-7 我的看法是选 E。即

E. The binding of different kinds of information is not a distinctive feature of episodic memory.

我的理由是，首先试验证明鸟也可以binding of different kinds of information。这点大家都没不同意见吧。

但文章倒数第二句话说Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were re-experiencing the past when retrieving the information. 这里的 re-experiencing 对应了文章开头T说的to travel back into the past...就是说，鸟的 “episodic-like” memory 和人的  episodic- memory，其共同点是binding ... information, 但不同点是鸟不能（或者说试验无法证明）re-experiencing。因此我选E.

A的不足之处确实不明显，但有个地方让我感觉不太大好：

Animals’ abilities to use information about a specific past event are not conclusive evidence of episodic memory

这个选项本身是没有错误的，但选项的问题问的是，both Tulving and Clayton would agree。我们从何处可以infer Tulving的态度呢？文中提到T的说法只有一句，就是说he considered a uniquely human capacity。这个态度很坚决或者说明确，但我们不知道他这么说的主要理据在哪里。夸张点说，如果T的主要理据是在其他地方而不是这个鸟试验所测试的部分，那说不定他认为这个鸟试验连 evidence 都算不上，更别说 conclusive evidence 了

所以比较之下我认为E是答案

Pudding

第6题说，C的实验就证明了他们可以bind the information，因此，根据第10行，according....they involve multiple components of a single event "bound" together实验不就证明了scrub jay有EM了吗?

同問... 為什麼第6題不是選A呢? 總覺得C不對啊...

gentledance

第五题应该选 E吧？

yazi123

我也觉得第7题B也很对呀，谁来反驳一下？

而今迈步从头越

I vote BCCA.

7: GWD-12-Q7:

It can be inferred from the passage that both Tulving and Clayton would agree with which of the following statements?

B .Animals do not share humans’ abilities to reexperience the past through memory.

Actually Tuvling agree with B--The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—Line the ability to recollect specific past events,  (5)      to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.

But we cann't infer that Clayton agrees with B because the passage just asserts that Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information. It's what the experiments suggests but not Calyton's opinion.

Open to discuss.

jones79

以下是引用而今迈步从头越在2005-4-18 13:40:00的发言：

I vote BCCA.

7: GWD-12-Q7:

It can be inferred from the passage that both Tulving and Clayton would agree with which of the following statements?

B .Animals do not share humans’ abilities to reexperience the past through memory.

Actually Tuvling agree with B--The term “episodic memory” was introduced by Tulving to refer to what he considered a uniquely human capacity—Line the ability to recollect specific past events,  (5)      to travel back into the past in one’s own mind—as distinct from the capacity simply to use information acquired through past experiences.

But we cann't infer that Clayton agrees with B because the passage just asserts that Such experiments cannot, however, reveal whether the birds were reexperiencing the past when retrieving the information. It's what the experiments suggests but not Calyton's opinion.

Open to discuss.

明白了，thx， 而今迈步从头越

继续提问，可是4题b是怎么来的，看了半天还是不明白

The primary purpose of the passage is to

              

explain how the findings of a particular experiment have been interpreted and offer an alternative interpretation

describe a particular experiment and point out one of its limitations

present similarities between human memory and animal memory

point out a flaw in the argument that a certain capacity is uniquely human

account for the unexpected behavior of animal subjects in a particular experiment

而今迈步从头越

Actually it’s very hard for me to choose between choice A and B when I did it at the first time. Now I vote for choice B. The passage only describes the experiment developed by Clayton. The passage offers only one finding of experiment that “Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time” and provides one interpretation that “showing that they retain (30)information about the what, the where, and the when”. There are no other findings and the focus is not the way to interpret the findings but the experiment.

A emphasizes the way to interpret the   findings of the experiment. Also I think it’s more accurate to describe the last two sentences as “point out one of its limitations(can’t reveal)” than to describe the sentences as “offer an alternative interpretation.”

In fact I don’t think B is the perfect answer but the best answer of all the choices.

Open to discuss.   

jones79

以下是引用而今迈步从头越在2005-5-3 22:48:00的发言：

Actually it’s very hard for me to choose between choice A and B when I did it at the first time. Now I vote for choice B. The passage only describes the experiment developed by Clayton. The passage offers only one finding of experiment that “Clayton’s birds switched their preference from crickets to peanuts once the food had been stored for a certain length of time” and provides one interpretation that “showing that they retain (30)information about the what, the where, and the when”. There are no other findings and the focus is not the way to interpret the findings but the experiment.

A emphasizes the way to interpret the   findings of the experiment. Also I think it’s more accurate to describe the last two sentences as “point out one of its limitations(can’t reveal)” than to describe the sentences as “offer an alternative interpretation.”

In fact I don’t think B is the perfect answer but the best answer of all the choices.

Open to discuss.   

又仔细看了一遍文章和问题，正如版主所说A是强调的解释试验新发现的方式，而文章只是用一句话解释了试验的发现，接着说指出了试验的局限性，而且A的表述方式绝大部分用于新老观点的文章，不同于本篇文章的套路

还向问问版主，本篇的套路是理论解释型or现象解释型？？