【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-1】

cambridged

1.
1) 计时：18s
2) 逻辑链Situation
Background Information:

Premise:
C  solved a smaller percentage of the assigned cases than his colleges.
Conclusion:
C is incompetent.
3) 推测(Prephrase )：
smaller percentage ≠ smaller number
alternative cause to the smaller percentage
4)Question type: Weaken
4) 选项分析：A
A：给出了可信的替代原因，因为C的案子最难，所以他破案率低于同事。
B：他是否受邻居尊重与他的破案率高低无关。
C：无关：提供的辅助工具与他的破案率高低无必然联系
或，Slightly Support--有辅助破案工具破案率还那么低，所以可以支持他无竞争力的结论。
D：无关：以前的工作条件、环境不同可能导致不同的破案率，所以无关。
或，Slightly Support--4年时间只结局了30分之一的案子，可以理解为他没竞争力。
E：无关：同时升职与他的表现无必然联系。
或，Slightly Support--同事都升职，侧面反映出他缺乏竞争力。

2.
1) 计时：65s（读不懂，读不进去><）
2) 逻辑链Situation
Background Information:
Fullerenes have been found in nature.
Premise:
(Since) the synthesize process requires distinctive conditions of temperature & pressure
Conclusion:
help evaluate the state of the Earth's crust when it synthesize
3) 推测(Prephrase )：
Temperature & pressure is unrelated to evaluating the crust
4)Question type:  Weaken

3.
1) 计时：26s
2) 逻辑链Situation
Background Information:
The treatment for dealing fallen injuries costs X.
Premise:
A program  can help reduce the chance of falling. But it costs Y. Y > X
Conclusion:
Its effectiveness can't be justified.
3) 推测(Prephrase )：
the program costs Y just once when installed. Whereas the old treatment costs X every year.
4)Question type: Weaken

4.
1) 计时：43s
2) 逻辑链Situation
Background Information:
some info about V
Premise:
V live in large groups in some particular seasons. But they live in small groups in other seasons.
Conclusion:
The seasonal variance results from the seasonal mortality of young V.
3) 推测(Prephrase )：
some info about the variance of population of young V
4)Question type: Strengthen

5.
1) 计时：32s
2) 逻辑链Situation
Background Information:
A beach give fish to dolphins.
Premise:
Dolphins get as much as half of their food there.
They are healthy as other dolphins that don't get food along the beach.
Their offspring has a lower life expectancy.
No Conclusion
3) 推测(Prephrase )：
the feeding influence their ability ,which can pass on to their offspring, to find food,
4)Question type: Resolve the paradox(大概按照Bible和自己的理解分一下类)

Cybill

1. 16’
BG: Carl is not a competent detective because he cannot solve much cases.
Weaken: he can solve difficult cases.

2. 33'
Premise: Fullerenes need rigid conditions to live,
conclusion: geologist can evaluating hypotheses the condition of earth crust.
Undermines: shungite not found in earth crust??

3. 25'
BG: emergency treatment fall cost $xxx
Premise: A new therapeutic program can reduce elderly person's chances of falling. The treatment program will cost $xxxx
Conclusion: it cannot be justified.
Undermine: emergency treatment cost much
[fall 是摔倒的意思]

4. 37‘
BG: describe vole.
Premise: vole group number vary seasonal
Conclusion: This is the mortality reason.

5. 39'
BG: feeding program
Premise: dolphins get as much as half food there. Adults live long However young have a lower expectancy.

luzyliu

想知道正确答案在哪里呢

lavender787

Background information: only 1 out of 25—than any
other detective on the police force
Premise: He has
solved a smaller percentage of the cases assigned to
him in the last 3 years
Conclusion: Carl is clearly an incompetent detective

晓野的野

现在果然是应该潜心研究逻辑了啊

none123

精练 26‘ premise  he solve the smallest proportion of the detective assighed to him.  conclusion:he is the worst detective. weakness:he is assighed with the most difficult  tasks.  
逻辑链
1：1'25 background:A was found in the nature has already been found in laboratory.premise:A found in the laboratory need special press and temperature.conclusion :use A found in laboratory toestimate the state of the earth . undermine:A found in laboratory and grow in nature  need  different situation to live.
2: 2'47 background:a kind of treatment needs 11000.and a special program reduce the risk of fall.premise:the special program costs 12500.conclusion:bad
weakness
3:2'25 backgroung : a kind of animal eat around premise:fall and winter ——large，spring to autumn，small。conclusion：mortality among the young。
4：1‘09 background：dolphins are feeded by people。they are common but their offspring have the half life expancy .

lsyChris1989

楼主辛苦，试练开始！

gyb192483

Q1
1. 16''
2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION:
PREMISE: He has solved a smaller percentage of the cases assigned to him in the last 3 years—only 1 out of 25—than any other detective on the police force.
CONCLUSION:  Carl is clearly an incompetent detective
3. 推测：有其他原因导致，如案子中途换人
4. A
5. A选项提供了其他原因的解释
B.无关选项
C.有点像加强的选项
D. 加强选项
E.无关选项

Q2
1. 50''
2. BACKGROUND: Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite.
PREMISE: Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure
CONCLUSION: this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed
3. crust和fullerenes的关系要确实成立有效
答案： B
Q3 1.40''
2. BACKGROUND: On average, the emergency treatment for an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall costs $11,000
PREMISE: A new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person's chances of falling
CONCLUSION:  Though obviously desirable for many reasons, this treatment program will cost $12,500 and thus cannot be justified.
答案： E

zhangkiddy

UlysessHope 发表于 2011-11-24 17:29
剩下的再补吧 冒个泡证明我来过。。。 = =|

1. A
Conclusion: Carl is clearly an incompetent detective.
Premise: He has solved a smaller percentage of the cases assigned to him in the last 3 years—only 1 out of 25—than any other detective on the police force.

A. weaken: the tough quality assigned to Carl can undermine the judgement that Carl is incompetent because he solved smaller amount cases than other detective.
B. irrelavant: whether Carl was highly repected as a neighbour police officer before has nothing to do with whether he is an incompetent detective now.
C. strenghen: The truth that extensive resources were provided to help Carl and that he still solved smaller amount of cases than any other detective can indicate that Carl is incompetent as a detective.
D. Strethen: That Carl only solved 1 out of 30 crimes previously uphold the statement that Carl is an incompetent detective.
E. irrelavant: Because we do not know whether those promoted officers include Carl, it is hard to support or jeopardize whether Carl is a competent detective.

2. D
CONCLUSION: The discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed
PREMISE: 1. Fullerenes were first found in the laboratory and they have been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungiteshungite.
         2. Laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure.
A: irrelevant
B: irrelevant——The topic is about the laboratory sythesizing process and the natural forming process of fullerenes, irrelavant to fullerennes found in other sources.
C: irrelevant
D: weaken——this statement indicates that the laboratory sythesis of fullerences is differnt from the natural forming of fullerences so the test cannot reflect the state of earth curst at the time naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.
E: irrelevant

3. C
BACKGROUND: the emergency treatment for an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall costs $11,000. A new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person's chances of falling.
PREMISE: this treatment program will cost $12,500
CONCLUSION: this treatment program cannot be justified.

A: irrelavant
B: irrelevant
C: weaken——since the subsequent fees of emergency treatment are not included in the estimation of the average costs, the new program is probabely justified in the terms of cost.
D: irrelevant——explain why new program focuses on therapies.
E: strenthen——the new program will cost more in this case.

4.  E
BACKGROUND: The prairie vole, breeds year-round, and a group of voles living together consists primarily of an extended family, often including two or more litters.
PREMISE: Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter; from spring through early autumn, however, most voles live in far smaller groups.
CONCLUSION: The seasonal variation in group size can probably be explained by a seasonal variation in mortality among young voles.

A: irrelevant——If thus, from spring through early autumn most voles would live in far bigger groups, a situation opposites to the premise.
B: irrelevant
C: irrelevant——same as A, this choice attacks the permise.
D: irrelavant——If this happens, the family member of vole in winter is possiblely smaller rather than bigger.
E: strenthen——successfully explains the leading factor to the phenomenon in question.

5. E
BACKGROUND: A popular beach has long had a dolphin feeding program in which fish are given to dolphins several times a day; many dolphins get as much as half of their food each day there.  
PREMISE: Although dolphins that first benefit from the program as adults are healthy and long-lived, their offspring have a lower life expectancy than offspring of dolphins that feed exclusively in the wild.
CONCLUSION:

A: irrelevent
B: irrelevent——repeat the statement
C: irrelevant
D: could not explain the phenomenon
E: could explain the phenomenon

haohao8701

请问答案在哪里，第二题弄不明白