求助OG-62题与OG-77题

flyingsky

我有一好友，名牌大学学的英语专业。从5月中旬开始准备10月底考GMAT，每天只能硬挤出3小时的复习时间，越临近考试越心里越没底，而且堆积了一些百思不解的题目。看她实在没时间，故想帮她在CD上请教高人指点。谢谢！
1、OG-CR第62题：C与D选项的解释如何理解？
2、OG-CR第77题：D选项的解释如何理解？

littlegirl

请你把题目贴出来，谢谢

flyingsky

好的,马上就贴.
62.Which of the following best completes the passage below?
At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent. What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that------------.
(A)any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
(B)any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
(C)the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
(D)all of an given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
(E)environmental damaged already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible

OG Explanation: (B is the best answer)
C: Although it would probably help to avoid excessive restrictions if some of the countries producing the most effluents favored uniform controls, it is not necessary that all such countries do, as Choice C claims.
D: Not all of any given pollutant need reach the North Sea, as choice D claims, since at most some needs to.
ETS 对于C与D的解释如何理解?


77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.
Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor’s reasoning is flawed?
(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.
(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to     take a bus.
(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.
(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor’s plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.
(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city’s traffic congestion.

OG Explanation: (B is the best answer)
Choice D is inappropriate since many drivers not switching to buses is entirely consistent with many people making the switch.
ETS 对于D的解释如何理解?

lxfpku

62题：注意 most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent，意思是不管流出来的东西是不是对环境造成破坏，都要控制。提问的是avoid  excessively restrictive controls，那么一定是别把对环境不会造成破坏的东西也给控制了。

c说谁倒垃圾多谁最倡导联合控制，道理不错，但这里没问你这个。

d说垃圾都流到海里了，也和问的没关系

哎呀，要熄灯了，赶人走了。。。。。。。

zhbeaner

以下是引用flyingsky在2003-10-20 10:36:00的发言：
我有一好友，名牌大学学的英语专业。从5月中旬开始准备10月底考GMAT，每天只能硬挤出3小时的复习时间，越临近考试越心里越没底，而且堆积了一些百思不解的题目。看她实在没时间，故想帮她在CD上请教高人指点。谢谢！
1、OG-CR第62题：C与D选项的解释如何理解？
2、OG-CR第77题：D选项的解释如何理解？

77. A certain mayor has proposed a fee of five dollars per day on private vehicles entering the city, claiming that the fee will alleviate the city’s traffic congestion. The mayor reasons that, since the fee will exceed the cost of round-trip bus fare from many nearby points, many people will switch from using their cars to using the bus.

Which of the following statements, if true, provides the best evidence that the mayor’s reasoning is flawed?

(A) Projected increases in the price of gasoline will increase the cost of taking a private vehicle into the city.

(B) The cost of parking fees already makes it considerably more expensive for most people to take a private vehicle into the city than to take a bus.

(C) Most of the people currently riding the bus do not own private vehicles.

(D) Many commuters opposing the mayor’s plan have indicated that they would rather endure traffic congestion than pay a five-dollar-per day fee.

(E) During the average workday, private vehicles owned and operated by people living within the city account for twenty percent of the city’s traffic congestion.

The mayor’s reasoning rests on assuming that, if it costs more to travel to the city by car than by bus, people will choose to travel by bus rather than by car. Choice B provides evidence that this assumption is false, and is therefore the best answer.

Choice A does not undermine the mayor’s view that the five-dollar fee will provide an incentive to switch to buses. Choice C makes it unlikely that the bus system will lose current riders if new riders are attracted. Choice D is inappropriate since many drivers not switching to buses is entirely consistent with many people making the switch. Choice E supports the mayor’s proposal by indicating that vehicles entering the city produce most of the city’s congestion.

我也想知道Ｄ的解释是什么意思？　怎么还要换的不要换的是一致的？搞不明白这里的逻辑是什么．谢谢！

gening

D的意思是说那些反对的人宁愿忍受交通堵塞也不愿意交那五块钱.跟交钱能否导致转乘公车没有必然联系.

Avantasia

ETS对于consistent with这个词组的用法实在让我无法理解, 很多题都是解释的时候将什么consistent with, 但是逻辑又说不过去, 就像OG77D的解释, 究竟怎么理解啊?

请教各位.

swlfx

agree with Avantasia, I have same quetioin about the words consistent with.

swlfx

agree with lxfpku

jonathantang

对于62题，D选项，其实是一个充分条件与必要条件的判断。D选项是个不充分也不必要的条件。因为，并非所有能造成
environmental damage的pollutant都要at
present流到海里,比如那些现在不控制，将来有可能流的pollutant。其实有部分将被控制的pollutant能流到就可以了，只要保证并非
所有将被control的pollutant都流不到海里就行了，这也就是ETS说since at most some needs
to的意思。反过来，这也不是一个充分条件，因为它没有提到那些at
present还流不到海里，但是将来会流到海里的pollution，其实，对这些pollution的control也不算是excessively
restrictive controls.

请版主指正。