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这是我的一些不明白的地方，仁兄们赐教 34. To read of Abigail Adams’ lengthy separation from her family, her difficult travels, and her constant battles with illness is to feel intensely how harsh life was even for the so-called aristocracy of Revolutionary times. (A) To read of (B) Reading about (C) Having read about (D) Once one reads of（A） (E) To have read of Choice A is correct because the sentence must begin with a verb form that completes the construction To… is to feel. Each of the other choices breaks the parallelism in some way, and B and C substitute about for of, the preferred preposition here. E begins with To, but have read creates a disjunction of tenses by placing the action of reading in the past while to feel is still in the present. The question is of middle difficulty. 请教一下，read of 和read about之间的区别，在我的词典者两个意思是一样的。 2. According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations. (A) like that of earlier generations (B) as that for earlier generations (C) just as earlier generations did (D) as have earlier generations（E） (E) as it was of earlier generations 请问，it 在同一句话中不是应该指代相同的成分吗？ 我看到好多同一句话中it既做了形式主语又做了其他名词的代词，请指点。 3. 错Although it was expected that workers under forty would show hostility to the plan, the research report indicates that both younger and the older people approve of governmental appropriations for Social Security. (A) younger and the older people (B) younger people and the older (C) the younger and the older people (D) younger and older people（D） (E) people who are younger and those who are older the: used before two comparative adjectives or adverbs to show that eg: the degree of one event or situation is related to the degree of another one eg: The more he eats the fatter he gets. 'When do you want it?' 'The sooner the better.' The有一种用法是在两者之间做比较是表示一方比另一方怎么样时用于比较级的，我觉得这道题很应该用the Younger and the older people,后面的the 不修饰people ，修饰older. As Hurricane Hugo approached the Atlantic coast, it increased dramatically in strength, becoming the tenth most intense hurricane to hit the United States mainland in the twentieth century and most intense since Camille in 1969. (A) most intense since Camille in 1969 (B) most intense after Camille in 1969 (C) the most intense since Camille in 1969 (D) the most intense after 1969, which had Camille（C） (E) since 1969 and Camille, the most intense since 在这里能说的通吗？since Camille在这里做的是时间状语吧，可是becoming不应该是having become吗？ 4. More and more in recent years, cities are stressing the arts as a means to greater economic development and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities, despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal support. (A) to greater economic development and investing (B) to greater development economically and investing (C) of greater economic development and invest (D) of greater development economically and invest（A） (E) for greater economic development and the investment of 1.means of eg: For most people, the car is still their main means of transport . The only means of communication was sign language. The window was our only means of escape . Do you have any means of identification ? art as a means of expression Homework should not be used as a means of controlling children. I had no means of telling him I would be late. Brian was prepared to use any means to get what he wanted. They had entered the country by unlawful means . the means by which performance is assessed 没有means of ，太夸张了吧，这里means of 比 means to要好啊 Defense attorneys have occasionally argued that their clients’ misconduct stemmed from a reaction to something ingested, but in attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to some food allergy, the perpetrators are in effect told that they are not responsible for their actions. (A) in attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to some food allergy (B) if criminal or delinquent behavior is attributed to an allergy to some food (C) in attributing behavior that is criminal or delinquent to an allergy to some food (D) if some food allergy is attributed as the cause of criminal or delinquent behavior（B） (E) in attributing a food allergy as the cause of criminal or delinquent behavior some food allergy 是不是算是有歧义呢？ In his research paper, Dr. Frosh, medical director of the Payne Whitney Clinic, distinguishes mood swings, which may be violent without their being grounded in mental disease, from genuine manic-depressive psychosis. (A) mood swings, which may be violent without their being grounded in mental disease, from genuine manic-depressive psychosis (B) mood swings, perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease, and genuine manic-depressive psychosis, (C) between mood swings, which may be violent without being grounded in mental disease, and genuine manic-depressive psychosis (D) between mood swings, perhaps violent without being grounded in mental disease, from genuine manic-depressive psychosis（C） (E) genuine manic-depressive psychosis and mood swings, which may be violent without being grounded in mental disease 1 being grounded in …是动名词 当being adj.在句子中现在分词的时候才是awkward。 2原句中出现的
情态动词may不要轻易改变 perhaps＝maybe 是副词，和may be 无关 3.猜测：distinguish A from B本身是对的，但是当A后面有现在分词，关系从句，adj短语，介词短语修饰的时候from B在后面影响了句子的连贯性，form B可能是修饰A后面修饰成分中的某个成分。 112 The Federal Reserve Board’s reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgement of past economic trends and an effort to influence their future direction. (A) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is both an acknowledgement of past economic trends and an effort (B) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgement both of past economic trends as well as an effort (C) reduction of interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends and attempt (D) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions is an acknowledgement both of past economic trends and an effort（A） (E) reducing interest rates on loans to financial institutions both acknowledge past economic trends as well as attempt
2. In both D and E, the use of the participle
reducing rather than the noun reduction is awkward. Like B, D misplaces both, while E repeats both the redundancy of B and the agreement error of C. 98．Two new studies indicate that many people become obese more due to the fact that their bodies burn calories too slowly than overeating. E) because of their bodies burning calories too slowly than because of their eating too much E This alternative，though parallel，is awkward and wordy；bodies must be bodies’ because the possessive case is required before a gerund． V-98中’s burning 是动名词，为什么这里却说one’s reducing是participle呢？ OG-11-114 Gall’s hypothesis of there being different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today. (A) of there being different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today (B) of different mental functions that are localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today (C) that different mental functions are localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today (D) which is that there are different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain is widely accepted today（C） (E) which is widely accepted today is that there are different mental functions localized in different parts of the brain Choices A and B are faulty because a relative clause beginning with that is needed to state Gall’s hypothesis. The phrase of there being, as used in A, is wordy and unidiomatic; in B, of different mental functions does not convey Gall’s point about those functions. Choices D and E are awkward and wordy, and both use which where that would be the preferred pronoun for introducing a clause that states Gall’s point. Further, the phrasing of E misleadingly suggests that a distinction is being made between this hypothesis and others by Gall that are not widely accepted today. Choice C is best.这层意思是怎么看出来的呢？ Which引导定语从句不是得用逗号隔开吗？这道题不是错在吗？
时态专栏 5. His studies of ice-polished rocks in his Alpine homeland, far outside the range of present-day glaciers, led Louis Agassiz in 1837 to propose the concept of an age in which great ice sheets had existed in now currently temperate areas. (A) in which great ice sheets had existed in now currently temperate areas (B) in which great ice sheets existed in what are now temperate areas (C) when great ice sheets existed where there were areas now temperate (D) when great ice sheets had existed in current temperate areas（B） (E) when great ice sheets existed in areas now that are temperate had existed的时态不对吗？great ice sheets existed in what are now temperate areas不能是在Louis Agassiz in 1837 to propose之前发生的事情吗？ 62. A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States
reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lakes. (A) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump (B) reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping (C) reduces the phosphate amount municipalities have been allowed to dump (D) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump （D） (E) reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities (A) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump 用过去完成时，表示allow的动作发生在reduced之前，并且在过去某个时间已经完成，由于过去完成时从句中没有since或者表示延续的时间状语，可以认为allow在reduced的之前已经完成。 OG-11.1Although a surge in retail sales
have raised hopes
that there is a recovery finally underway, many economists say that without a large amount of spending the recovery might not last. (A) have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally (B) raised hopes for there being a recovery finally (C) had raised hopes for a recovery finally being (D) has raised hopes that a recovery is finally (E) raised hopes for a recovery finally Agreement + Rhetorical construction The subject of the first clause, the singular noun surge, must take the singular verb has raised rather than the plural have raised;
the context of the sentence demonstrates that the verb tense must show action continuing into the present, as the use of the present perfect does here. There is may frequently be omitted to create a more concise sentence, and that is the case here: a recovery is finally ... is a better construction. 什么时候完成时是表示持续到现在，什么时候表示动作已经终止，是用时间状语吗？ 97
The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are
in motion just as the planets are, yet being so far away from Earth that their apparent positions in the sky do not change enough for their movement to be observed during a single human lifetime. (A) The stars, some of them at tremendous speeds, are in motion just as the planets are, yet being (B) Like the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are (C) Although like the planets the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, yet (D) As the planets, the stars are in motion, some of them at tremendous speeds, but they are (E) The stars are in motion like the planets, some of which at tremendous speeds are in motion, but Some of them at tremendous speeds中的them 并没有被误会是指代the planets? OG-11-128. Today, because of improvements in agricultural technology, the same amount of acreage produces double the apples that it has in 1910. (A) double the apples that it has (B) twice as many apples as it did (C) as much as twice the apples it has (D) two times as many apples as there were（B） (E) a doubling of the apples that it did Choice B, the best answer, correctly uses the adverbial phrase twice as many... to modify the verb produces; properly employs many rather than much to describe a quantity made up of countable units (apples); and appropriately substitutes did for
the understood produced to express the logically necessary past tense of produces.
Choice A awkwardly substitutes the adjective double for twice; uses that without a clear referent; and misuses has to refer to events occurring in 1910. Choice C employs the incorrect much in a wordy construction and also misuses has. D is wordy and imprecise;... as there were in 1910 refers to all apples produced in 1910, regardless of location. E is illogical: since that refers to a doubling, E nonsensically asserts that the doubling occurred in 1910. A中的double不是predeterminer吗？ 为什么这个句子是对的We'll need double this amount for eight people.而上面的就不对呢？ V-44
Though the term “graphic design” may suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging work, from package designs and company logotypes to signs, book jackets, computer graphics, and film titles. (A) suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging (B) suggest laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, it has come to signify a wide range of (C) suggest corporate brochure and annual report layout, it has signified widely ranging (D) have suggested corporate brochure and annual report layout, it has signified a wide range of（B） (E) have suggested laying out corporate brochures and annual reports, they have come to signify widely ranging Choice A contains an agreement error: the term requires the singular it has in place of the plural they have. Furthermore, widely ranging is imprecise: graphic design work does not range about widely
(什么意思？)but rather comprises a
wide range
of
activities.
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