[揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day40

Sophie_Lee

1. 修桥
一个地方要修桥。修桥的钱要从民众募集。但是这个桥只有一部分居民经常使用，另一部分住在偏远地方的人用不上。所以向所有人募集钱是不公平的。Assumption

想偏远地方匀速物资啥的也不会通过这座桥/ 偏远地区的人和这座桥一点关系都没有

2. 珍稀白鲸
有一种珍稀白鲸 死亡率很高 而且原因是因为colison（忘了怎么拼了就是撞击那个单词）with ships 所以就调低了在某些白鲸密集区域船只航行速度的limit 果然白鲸数量上升了 说明政策有效 问还需要知道什么条件 我选的是在没限速的区域白鲸的数量

3. 三文鱼和小虾米
The economy around Lake Paqua depends on fishing of the lake's landlocked salmon population. In recent years, scarcity of food for salmon there has caused a decline in both the number and the size of the adult salmon in the lake. As a result, the region's revenues from salmon fishing have declined significantly. To remedy this situation, officials plan to introduce shrimp, which can serve as a food source for adult salmon, into Lake Paqua.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the plan's chances for success?                        D
(A) Salmon is not a popular food among residents of the Lake Paqua region.
(B) Tourists coming to fish for sport generate more income for residents of the Lake Paqua region than does commercial fishing.
(C) The shrimp to be introduced into Lake Paqua are of a variety that is too small to be harvested for human consumption.
(D) The primary food for both shrimp and juvenile salmon is plankton, which is not abundant in Lake Paqua.
(E) Fishing regulations prohibit people from keeping any salmon they have caught in Lake Paqua that are smaller than a certain minimum size.

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ZZhiyan

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ZZhiyan

1. 修桥
一个地方要修桥。修桥的钱要从民众募集。但是这个桥只有一部分居民经常使用，另一部分住在偏远地方的人用不上。所以向所有人募集钱是不公平的。Assumption
答案：偏远地方的人不会因为修桥收益

2. 珍稀白鲸
有一种珍稀白鲸 死亡率很高 而且原因是因为colison（忘了怎么拼了就是撞击那个单词）with ships 所以就调低了在某些白鲸密集区域船只航行速度的limit 果然白鲸数量上升了 说明政策有效 问还需要知道什么条件 我选的是在没限速的区域白鲸的数量
答案：没限速区的白鲸数量比限速的少很多，说明限速是有效措施

3. 三文鱼和小虾米
The economy around Lake Paqua depends on fishing of the lake's landlocked salmon population. In recent years, scarcity of food for salmon there has caused a decline in both the number and the size of the adult salmon in the lake. As a result, the region's revenues from salmon fishing have declined significantly. To remedy this situation, officials plan to introduce shrimp, which can serve as a food source for adult salmon, into Lake Paqua.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the plan's chances for success?
(A) Salmon is not a popular food among residents of the Lake Paqua region.
(B) Tourists coming to fish for sport generate more income for residents of the Lake Paqua region than does commercial fishing.
(C) The shrimp to be introduced into Lake Paqua are of a variety that is too small to be harvested for human consumption.
(D) The primary food for both shrimp and juvenile salmon is plankton, which is not abundant in Lake Paqua.
(E) Fishing regulations prohibit people from keeping any salmon they have caught in Lake Paqua that are smaller than a certain minimum size.

PBkk

看一下！               

Xxxxxyi

111

PBkk

1. 修桥
一个地方要修桥。修桥的钱要从民众募集。但是这个桥只有一部分居民经常使用，另一部分住在偏远地方的人用不上。所以向所有人募集钱是不公平的。Assumption

P：一部分居民能用 & 一部分居民用不上
C：向所有人募集资金不公平

Assumption：
1）募钱的公平标准：根据使用/受益频次决定
2）任何关于“不同居民受益程度不同”的描述。


2. 珍稀白鲸
有一种珍稀白鲸 死亡率很高 而且原因是因为colison（忘了怎么拼了就是撞击那个单词）with ships 所以就调低了在某些白鲸密集区域船只航行速度的limit 果然白鲸数量上升了 说明政策有效 问还需要知道什么条件 我选的是在没限速的区域白鲸的数量

P（现象）：调低航行速度  同时， 白鲸数量上升
C（结论）：调低航行速度的政策 -> 白鲸数量上升

条件：控制变量 - 没有政策 & 白鲸数量的关系

3. 三文鱼和小虾米
The economy around Lake Paqua depends on fishing of the lake's landlocked salmon population. In recent years, scarcity of food for salmon there has caused a decline in both the number and the size of the adult salmon in the lake. As a result, the region's revenues from salmon fishing have declined significantly. To remedy this situation, officials plan to introduce shrimp, which can serve as a food source for adult salmon, into Lake Paqua.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the plan's chances for success?
(A) Salmon is not a popular food among residents of the Lake Paqua region.
(B) Tourists coming to fish for sport generate more income for residents of the Lake Paqua region than does commercial fishing.
(C) The shrimp to be introduced into Lake Paqua are of a variety that is too small to be harvested for human consumption.
(D) The primary food for both shrimp and juvenile salmon is plankton, which is not abundant in Lake Paqua.
(E) Fishing regulations prohibit people from keeping any salmon they have caught in Lake Paqua that are smaller than a certain minimum size.

P：没食物 -> size & number of adult salmon下降 - > revenue下降
C：引入虾 -> 有食物 -> size & number of adult salmon不下降 - > revenue不下降

引入虾 是否能 导致 有食物？D 反驳了该逻辑链条

WinnerWSW

同意！               

WinnerWSW

1. 修桥
一个地方要修桥。修桥的钱要从民众募集。但是这个桥只有一部分居民经常使用，另一部分住在偏远地方的人用不上。所以向所有人募集钱是不公平的。Assumption解析：
假设题：
①桥修好之后会有一部分居民经常使用，这些居民转而去使用新桥并不能减弱偏远地区居民的交通负担，或者这些居民去使用新桥对于偏远地区居民来说没有一丁点好处，如果是这样的话，新桥确实跟偏远地区的居民不相干，他们才有理由不交钱，如果，这座新桥能分流一部分居民而减轻偏远居民出行时的交通负担（比如，拥堵减轻）或者这些被分流的居民不再需要经过偏远地区居民们的住宅区，以此减少了偏远地区的污染和噪音，那么这些都可以算作新桥为偏远地区居民带来的好处，尽管偏远地区居民虽然没有直接利用这座桥出行，但是他们也间接地获得了建桥的好处，应该交钱。

2. 珍稀白鲸
有一种珍稀白鲸 死亡率很高 而且原因是因为collision with ships 所以就调低了在某些白鲸密集区域船只航行速度的limit 果然白鲸数量上升了 说明政策有效 问还需要知道什么条件 我选的是在没限速的区域白鲸的数量 解析：
①要评估一项政策是否有效，需要用到“无因是否也有果”来判定政策到底有没有带来变化，所以需要与没有进行限速的区域的白鲸数量变化进行对比，如果没限速的区域白鲸数量与之前没区别，还是有那么高的死亡率，而限速区的白鲸数量死亡率没那么高了，就能够说明限速确实有效果；但如果没限速区的白鲸死亡率也降低了（无因也有果），那就不能确定限速是有效的了，可能还有其他的因素造成白鲸死亡率降低。

3. 三文鱼和小虾米
The economy around Lake Paqua depends on fishing of the lake's landlocked salmon population. In recent years, scarcity of food for salmon there has caused a decline in both the number and the size of the adult salmon in the lake. As a result, the region's revenues from salmon fishing have declined significantly. To remedy this situation, officials plan to introduce shrimp, which can serve as a food source for adult salmon, into Lake Paqua.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the plan's chances for success?
(A) Salmon is not a popular food among residents of the Lake Paqua region.
(B) Tourists coming to fish for sport generate more income for residents of the Lake Paqua region than does commercial fishing.
(C) The shrimp to be introduced into Lake Paqua are of a variety that is too small to be harvested for human consumption.
(D) The primary food for both shrimp and juvenile salmon is plankton, which is not abundant in Lake Paqua.
(E) Fishing regulations prohibit people from keeping any salmon they have caught in Lake Paqua that are smaller than a certain minimum size.
答案：D
解析：
削弱题
某地的经济依靠捕捞湖里的鲑鱼，但是近年来由于鲑鱼的食物缺乏，导致成年鲑鱼数量和大小都减小了，当地的渔业收入也大幅下降，为了解决这个问题，官员们计划引入一种可以作为成年鲑鱼食物的虾。以下哪项成立的话，会削弱这个计划？
A.对于该湖当地的居民来说，鲑鱼并不是一种受欢迎的食物。无关选项，鲑鱼作为食物受不受到当地人欢迎都不影响其成为当地的经济收入来源，因为可以把鲑鱼运出去卖给外地人。
B.把捕获P湖里的鲑鱼当作一种运动的游客为当地居民带来的收入超过了商业化的渔业收入。与主要逻辑线无关，没提到作为鲑鱼食物的虾能不能对当地渔业经济起到改善作用。就算吸引游客来钓鱼产生的经济收益大于商业捕鱼，但是并不能否认把商业化捕鱼振兴起来可以为当地增加更多收入。
C.被引入P湖的虾的品种太小而不能供人类食用。无关，虾是鲑鱼的食物，没说是给人类准备的。
D.虾和幼年鲑鱼的主要食物浮游生物在P湖里并不丰富。正确，表明虾的引入会与幼年鲑鱼起到竞争作用，不管二者中谁的竞争力更强都会对渔业不利，如果虾的竞争力更强，虽然虾能作为成年鲑鱼的食物，但是对于食物本就不丰富的幼年鲑鱼来说是雪上加霜，幼年鲑鱼还没长大到能够吃虾的年纪就饿死了。如果幼年鲑鱼的竞争力更强，那么虾的食物有都被幼年鲑鱼抢走了，虾在这个湖里活不下去，那么成年鲑鱼还是缺乏食物，引不引入没区别。
E.渔业的规定禁止人们养殖他们在P湖抓的比某最小尺寸还小的鲑鱼。与逻辑主线无关，没有提到引入虾的影响，并且该选项具有支持的意味，而不是削弱。

顾周i

Day 40

1. 修桥
一个地方要修桥。修桥的钱要从民众募集。但是这个桥只有一部分居民经常使用，另一部分住在偏远地方的人用不上。所以向所有人募集钱是不公平的。Assumption

削弱点：你自己不用，你衣食住行生活起居进口出口也不用是吧

assumption：对，咱不用，各个方面都不用

2. 珍稀白鲸
有一种珍稀白鲸 死亡率很高 而且原因是因为colison（忘了怎么拼了就是撞击那个单词）with ships 所以就调低了在某些白鲸密集区域船只航行速度的limit 果然白鲸数量上升了 说明政策有效 问还需要知道什么条件 我选的是在没限速的区域白鲸的数量

白鲸撞船就容易嘎了——船只降速——白鲸数量上升

C：政策有效

补gap：

切入点：白鲸数量上涨是他因导致，所以要排他因，加强限速和白鲸数量之间的逻辑关联

取非：不限速的地区，白鲸数量仍然是下降的

3. 三文鱼和小虾米
The economy around Lake Paqua depends on fishing of the lake's landlocked salmon population. In recent years, scarcity of food for salmon there has caused a decline in both the number and the size of the adult salmon in the lake. As a result, the region's revenues from salmon fishing have declined significantly. To remedy this situation, officials plan to introduce shrimp, which can serve as a food source for adult salmon, into Lake Paqua.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the plan's chances for success?
(A) Salmon is not a popular food among residents of the Lake Paqua region.
(B) Tourists coming to fish for sport generate more income for residents of the Lake Paqua region than does commercial fishing.
(C) The shrimp to be introduced into Lake Paqua are of a variety that is too small to be harvested for human consumption.
(D) The primary food for both shrimp and juvenile salmon is plankton, which is not abundant in Lake Paqua.
(E) Fishing regulations prohibit people from keeping any salmon they have caught in Lake Paqua that are smaller than a certain minimum size.

这题做过，虾米不和三文鱼抢吃的——D