[揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day17

Tiffnini

Day 17
1.        晒皮肤
P：太阳光里有uvb, uvc等（对人体有害），晒灯里大部分是uva
C：晒灯，不要晒太阳
削弱方向：uvb/uvc要达到很大量的时候才会对人体有害，而太阳里uvb和uvc的含量很少很少，达不到伤害人体的量。所以晒太阳没事
(方向1: uvb/uvc伤害其实没有那么大，比如大气会吸收大部分uvb/uvc；方向2:晒灯和晒太阳相比，其实危害更大）


2.        乡下的小鱼场
P：乡下小店离渔场近、进价便宜，开销与大店一样
C：小店的生意依然不好
可能的原因：因为cost跟大店一样，导致利润空间很小，或者最终的售价并不便宜，顾客花相同的钱宁愿去大店消费了
（思路：生意不好——顾客少，或者单价低。方向1: 竞争激烈，鱼只能卖非常便宜；方向2:在乡下买鱼的人比城里的人少）

3.        Lead 会不会生病
P1：有人认为19-20世纪铅中毒是因为当时供水系统使用的是含铅的管道。
C: 反对，做了调查，有人没有铅中毒的症状
resolve the paradox：水里有其他物质，恰好能中和铅含量，让人喝了也没有伤害（比如下题的A选项）

原题：选A
P1：有人认为19-20世纪铅中毒是因为当时供水系统使用的是含铅的管道。
P2: 反对，做了调查，有人没有铅中毒的症状
C：含铅管道不是导致铅中毒的罪魁祸首
削弱的方向：1.调查样本不足（several of them数量太少），不能代表全体；

PennyWen95

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PennyWen95

[揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day17

1.        晒皮肤
劝人们要晒皮肤的话去晒灯不要直接晒太阳，因为晒灯里大部分是UVA，太阳里面还有很多UVB, UVC, 那些对人体有害的，问怎么削弱。

晒灯也有其他的危害，不只是UVA
①        B有更致命的缺点；②A有B没有的有点。

2.        乡下的小鱼场
大致是说乡下小店么离渔场又近，进价又便宜，生意上的开销和城里大店一样，但是生意依然不好，问为啥啊。

乡下的客流量比较少，没有城市的流量大。乡下人不愿意花太多钱。
即要么暗示乡下鱼价售出很低导致净收益很
低(比如，卖鱼的多，相互压价)；要么就是暗示乡下买鱼的人很少，没城市的多，导致卖出
的鱼数量低。

3.        Lead 会不会生病
说原来铅中毒的人很多，因为原来的水管都是铅(lead)做的。水里面含了铅，人喝了就中毒了。但是后来有人发现有些地方的人的血液里的铅含量很少。问哪一个可以解释这个问题。
认为是下面这个题：
Reviewer: The author of a recent book argues that lead contributed to many public health problems in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He claims that the main sources of this pollutant were urban water-delivery systems, which used lead pipes that leached lead into the water supply. But my own research on municipalities that used lead pipes during the period in question has shown that the inhabitants of several of them did not exhibit symptoms of lead poisoning, so the pipes are most likely not the primary culprit.
Which of the following would, if true, most weaken the reviewer's reasoning?
(A) In certain areas, exposure to hard water--water with a high mineral content--promotes the formation of a protective coating on the interior of lead pipes.
(B) In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many household fixtures and consumer products contained lead.
(C) Lead was introduced into gasoline in the 1920s, during which time lead-poisoning symptoms increased in many locales.
(D) Several cities that used lead pipes exhibited unusual rates of convulsive disorders and other conditions associated with lead exposure.
(E) The author in question notes that other factors, including inadequate sewer systems and urban crowding; caused widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases.

wannatechan

Mark一下！               

wannatechan

Day 17
1. 晒皮肤
劝人们要晒皮肤的话去晒灯不要直接晒太阳，因为晒灯里大部分是UVA，太阳里面还有很多UVB,UVC,那些对人体有害的，问怎么削弱。
因果--绝对与相对
前提：晒灯里大部分是UVA，太阳里面还有很多UVB,UVC,那些对人体有害的
结论：人们要晒皮肤的话去晒灯
猜测方向：灯是不是有更坏的特点呢？或者太阳虽然有UVB,UVC，但是带来的好处更大呢？

2. 乡下的小鱼场
大致是说乡下小店么离渔场又近，进价又便宜，生意上的开销和城里大店一样，但是生意依然不好，问为啥啊。
解释：
分析：profit= sale-cost，因此虽然cost的低，但是可能sale也低
猜测：基本没有去乡下小店吃东西

3. Lead 会不会生病
说原来铅中毒的人很多，因为原来的水管都是铅(lead)做的。水里面含了铅，人喝了就中毒了。但是后来有人发现有些地方的人的血液里的铅含量很少。问哪一个可以解释这个问题。
认为是下面这个题：
Reviewer: The author of a recent book argues that lead contributed to many public health problems in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He claims that the main sources of this pollutant were urban water-delivery systems, which used lead pipes that leached lead into the water supply. But my own research on municipalities that used lead pipes during the period in question has shown that the inhabitants of several of them did not exhibit symptoms of lead poisoning, so the pipes are most likely not the primary culprit.
Which of the following would, if true, most weaken the reviewer's reasoning?
(A) In certain areas, exposure to hard water--water with a high mineral content--promotes the formation of a protective coating on the interior of lead pipes.
(B) In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many household fixtures and consumer products contained lead.
(C) Lead was introduced into gasoline in the 1920s, during which time lead-poisoning symptoms increased in many locales.
(D) Several cities that used lead pipes exhibited unusual rates of convulsive disorders and other conditions associated with lead exposure.
(E) The author in question notes that other factors, including inadequate sewer systems and urban crowding; caused widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases.
答案：A
因果：
因：research on municipalities that used lead pipes during the period in question has shown that the inhabitants of several of them did not exhibit symptoms of lead poisoning
果：the pipes are most likely not the primary culprit
分析：有没有其他因素使得这些人没有lead中毒

sherlockkkkk

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粥桃叽

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jojolitbun

abc1654

ZZhiyan

1.        晒皮肤
劝人们要晒皮肤的话去晒灯不要直接晒太阳，因为晒灯里大部分是UVA，太阳里面还有很多UVB,UVC,那些对人体有害的，问怎么削弱。
P：晒灯里大部分是UVA，太阳里面还有很多UVB,UVC，对人体有害
C：晒皮肤的话去晒灯不要直接晒太阳
答案：（削弱）可以直接晒太阳不晒灯-- UVB和UVC对人体伤害是少量的，晒灯的UVA很多，伤害大

2.        乡下的小鱼场
大致是说乡下小店么离渔场又近，进价又便宜，生意上的开销和城里大店一样，但是生意依然不好，问为啥啊。
P：乡下小店离渔场近，进价便宜，开销和城里一样
C：生意不好
答案：顾客都在集中在城里，乡下的店相对少人买难回本

3.        Lead 会不会生病
说原来铅中毒的人很多，因为原来的水管都是铅(lead)做的。水里面含了铅，人喝了就中毒了。但是后来有人发现有些地方的人的血液里的铅含量很少。问哪一个可以解释这个问题。
认为是下面这个题：
Reviewer: The author of a recent book argues that lead contributed to many public health problems in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He claims that the main sources of this pollutant were urban water-delivery systems, which used lead pipes that leached lead into the water supply. But my own research on municipalities that used lead pipes during the period in question has shown that the inhabitants of several of them did not exhibit symptoms of lead poisoning, so the pipes are most likely not the primary culprit.
P：是铅导致健康问题，但是研究发现铅管不导致居民中毒
C：管道不是罪魁祸首答案：管道是罪魁祸首
Which of the following would, if true, most weaken the reviewer's reasoning?
(A) In certain areas, exposure to hard water--water with a high mineral content--promotes the formation of a protective coating on the interior of lead pipes.
(B) In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, many household fixtures and consumer products contained lead.
(C) Lead was introduced into gasoline in the 1920s, during which time lead-poisoning symptoms increased in many locales.
(D) Several cities that used lead pipes exhibited unusual rates of convulsive disorders and other conditions associated with lead exposure.
(E) The author in question notes that other factors, including inadequate sewer systems and urban crowding; caused widespread outbreaks of infectious diseases.