○ Take place: 4 traditions of Buddhist texts
§ Pali, China, Tibetan and Sanskrit
○ Mr.salomon: study the language
○ 1994 29 fragments of manuscript
§ Fragile
§ Gandhara: 3 BC-4 AD
□ Important center of Buddhism
○ Manuscripts: discarede ones
○ Support Gandhari hypothesis
§ Chinese translations: from Gandhari, not Sanskrit[梵文】
介绍一个新发现验证了长期的假设,也证明了更多的相关假设
结构:
新发现验证假设-》更多资料的出现-》介绍研究发现的细节-》验证了另一个假设
1. researchers confired a longstanding hypothesis
● hypot: Buddihist literature existed in Gandhari
● influence: canon may soon take its place next to 4 other traditions of BUDDIST texts
2. the sources of the manuscript
● Mr Salomon: from the Brough, secular documents and from inscriptions ion pots,coins and archaeological ruins
● specialized in arcane inscriptions
3. anonymous miracle donor of fragile and fragments of manuscripts
● on brich-barkrolls->treasure 树皮
● material comparison: paper& vellum ->are like cast iron
4. Introduce the history of Gandhara
● crossroads of cultural indluences from INDIA, WEST,CHINA amd EAST ASIA
● important center of Buddihism
5. interlinear notations provide information
● was discarded by freshly made new ones
● monasteries had well-organized scriptoriums and large libraries
6. texts have enormous significance
● Gandhara hyphothese->early Chinese translation from G