[揽瓜阁逻辑小分队] day7

芝麻芋圆

1. 换成牛奶袋之后没有比之前更容易溢出牛奶
2. 医药广告并没有达到educate patients的效果。（医药广告为了不说出反效果，不说有什么效果，说明说出反效果的弊端大于不说效果的弊端）
3. （写错了）选A。判断论点还是论据。BD1是结论，BD2是论据，用来支持1

ZZhiyan

1.        牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption
P：carton变成袋，袋比carton空很多
C：牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
方向：carton和袋装对比的变量不变------两者口感一样，两个都不会洒出来或被学生倒掉

2.        医药公司（今日份送分题）
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。
答案：因此他们的广告不能实现educate patients的效果

3.        海洋生物     答案：A
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

CCCandice

Day 7
1.        牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption
订购牛奶袋和订牛奶carton的人数差不多
2.        医药公司（今日份送分题）
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。
医药公司打广告的目的并不是为了educate patients
3.        海洋生物
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles? A
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

Sharonnnhai

Day7
1. 因果推理：因：牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多：果：换来之后学生的牛奶摄入量增加。 1）牛奶袋喝的时候比牛奶carton更容易漏奶。
2. 医药公司的广告没有达到educate patient的目的。
3. A

CHENOlivia

1.        牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption

相关因果推理：
因：换成牛奶袋之后，空的情况变多
果：牛奶袋增加了学生摄入量

空多少的就是学生摄入的多少。

2.        医药公司（今日份送分题）
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。

patients并没有被educate。或者说病人并不了解效果如何。

3.        海洋生物
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

第一个结论。第二个解释。
A

kirsiii

1.        牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption

牛奶袋喝起来和carton一样方便

2.        医药公司（今日份送分题）
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。
没想到，，
其实医药广告并不能很好的educate patients

3.        海洋生物
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

顾周i

Day 7
1.        牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption
P：袋装奶比盒装奶喝的更空
C：袋装奶增加了学生牛奶摄入量
搭桥：学生确实都喝了牛奶

2.        医药公司（今日份送分题）
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。
结论题
广告不能只说正面的治疗效果还要说副作用——广告含糊
病人买的药没治疗效果——没有实现educate patients


3.        海洋生物
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.
第一句说的气温的影响，第二句说不是，其实是浮游生物嘎了，海洋生物没吃的了影响的（这才是古生物学家的立场）——A

Cocoboyxx

1. 牛奶 空的
学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)， 然后得出结论是换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
问这个argument depends on which assumption

F：学校食堂把牛奶carton换成牛奶袋之后发现收餐的时候 牛奶袋比之前的牛奶carton平均都会空许多(容量前后不变)
P：？
C：换成牛奶袋增加了学生的牛奶摄入量
Q：问假设
思路：控制变量
方向：品质不变情况下，饮用者本身对牛奶的容器有偏好

2. 医药公司
医药公司claim他们的广告是为了educate patients (重点），但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果。结论问，可以从这个推出什么结论。

F：医院公司说自己的广告是为了educate patients，但是现实中因为规定广告说出效果就需要说出反效果，所以很多医药广告都其实没怎么说他到底是什么效果
C：？
Q：问结论
方向：educate patients有时候不需要说明效果也能达到目的

3. 海洋生物
About 2.8 million years ago, many species that lived near the ocean floor suffered substantial population declines. These declines coincided with the onset of an ice age. The notion that cold killed those bottom-dwelling creatures outright is misguided, however; temperatures near the ocean floor would have changed very little. Nevertheless, the cold probably did cause the population declines, though indirectly. However, any bottom-dwellers depended for food on plankton, small organisms that lived close to the surface and sank to the bottom when they died. Most probably, the plankton suffered a severe population decline as a result of sharply lower temperatures at the surface, depriving many bottom-dwellers of food.
In the paleontologist's reasoning, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
(A) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a judgment offered in spelling out that hypothesis
(B) The first introduces the hypothesis proposed by the paleontologist; the second is a position that the paleontologist opposes.
(C) The first is an explanation challenged by the paleontologist; the second is an explanation proposed by the paleontologist.
(D) The first is a judgment advanced in support of a conclusion reached by the paleontologist; the second is that conclusion.
(E) The first is a generalization put forward by the paleontologist; the second presents certain exceptional cases in which that generalization does not hold.

Q：问黑脸
选项：E，①为结论②结论中的一个推断