62.Starling学说话 TW: the vocal talent of starlings 1.kw1: why talent aw+: talent x: mimic human speech y: a rich repertoire z: mimic the sounds of other animals oreven mechanical noises *Wither的话—descriptions of starling song reflect thedifficulty 2.kw2: why detailed studies delayed x: vocalize too much, too often and too greatnumbers y: catalogue 3.kw3: compare the songs of young malesraised in different social conditions(实验结果) 对比: x: untutored—abnormalsongs (the basic organization missing) y: tape- and live-tutored—normalbasic songs 对比: x:tape—syntactical abnormalities, repertoires half of live, less imitation y:live—better imitation adult male: new structures; produce songs turnover: for the learned motifs; after a changeof tutoring session 一个重要的turnover能够在能力中被观察到,特别是对于学过一些主题。这些turnovers看起来大多在辅导课的一个转变之后发生的。
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