【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-3】

liyao604 · 发表于 2014-4-12 18:15:21

Day three
NO1 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q12
The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth. A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip. Therefore, it is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

60’
P

ne factor prevent human traveling火星is the weight，即使最轻的aircraft（要携带到火星再回来的油）也太重了，使得aircraft不能从地球发射出来
P：最近有一个device被发明→在火星上refill the油箱（油从火星的大气产生的）
C：可以successful travel火星

NO2 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q15
Dental researcher: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure: it inevitably damages some of the healthy parts of the tooth. Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point. Therefore, dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity.

45’
P：填补牙齿的洞并不是harmless
P：因为会破坏牙齿（健康）本身的某些东西
P：对于most the cavities如果untreated不会有什么事。因为会有事当有东西通过洞（decay）reach the nerve
C：所以，不要填补，除非nerve受到威胁

Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researcher’s reasoning?

NO3 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q17
Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?

38’
P：有一些天文学家说：h（星象预测观测，我估计也就是和时间有关的意思）和personality有关
C：不相信
P：在一个地方同时出生的双胞胎有一样的personality
P：record显示：40年前在不同地方同时出生的双胞胎personality不一样

NO4 CR大全不含OG版 TESTC Q2
We have heard a good deal in recent years about the declining importance of the two major political parties. It is the mass media, we are told, that decide the outcome of elections, not the power of the parties. But it is worth noting that no independent or third-party candidate has won any important election in recent years, and in the last nationwide campaign, the two major parties raised and spent more money than ever before in support of their candidates and platforms. It seems clear that reports of the imminent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?

75’
P：report：最近两个政党的重要性-
P

AQ遗漏了一个重要的premise是mass media而不是政党的power来决定election。
P：没有第三个替代的政党
P：最近，这两个政党花费在选举的钱更多
C：report关于政党重要性的comment premature=不准确的

NO5 CR大全不含OG版 TESTC Q3
Psychologists conducted a series of experiments to test the effect upon schoolchildren of violence in films. In the first experiment, grammar school children were shown a film that included scenes of a male teenager engaging in violent acts against others, such as punching, pushing, and kicking. During a free-play session following the film viewing, 42 percent of the children were observed to engage in one or more violent acts similar to those in the film. In a second experiment, a different group of children was shown a similar film featuring a female teenager. Only 14 percent of the children were observed behaving violently afterward. The psychologists concluded that children are more likely to imitate violent behavior on film when a male model is shown than when a female model is shown.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the psychologists’ conclusion?
40’
研究暴力电影对孩子的影响
P：一个关于男人的暴力电影→42%的孩子学
P：（另一组）关于女人的暴力电影（同样的）→14%的孩子学
C：男人暴力电影比女人暴力电影对孩子影响更大（模仿）

问啊问啊 · 发表于 2015-6-4 05:36:32

6/3/2015 1-3
NO1  FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q12
The only physical factor preventing a human journey to Mars has been weight. Carrying enough fuel to propel a conventional spacecraft to Mars and back would make even the lightest craft too heavy to be launched from Earth. A device has recently been invented, however, that allows an otherwise conventional spacecraft to refill the craft’s fuel tanks with fuel manufactured from the Martian atmosphere for the return trip. Therefore, it is possible for people to go to Mars in a spacecraft that carries this device and then return.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
46
F：即使最轻的火星飞船带太多燃料会也会造成太重无法顺利完成飞行
P：最近的一个发明，可以让飞船用火星的大气制造出跟原厂燃料一样的燃料
C：火星飞船可以少带燃料完成飞行，只要他们再带一个这样的device，在return时用
G：这个device也有重量，

F：重量是唯一的阻碍人们火星之旅的因素。带足够的燃料在完成往返火星的飞行器，会使得最轻的飞船也太重，而导致地球上无法发射
P：最新一个设备被发明，允许传统飞船加油用于返回地球，这个油是用火星大气制造的
C：因此，人们可能去火星，通过携带这样的设备
问所依赖的假设?
G：1）这个设备不重 2）真的可以完成获取火星的大气3）带足够去火星大气飞行的燃料

NO2 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q15
Dental researcher: Filling a cavity in a tooth is not a harmless procedure: it inevitably damages some of the healthy parts of the tooth. Cavities are harmful only if the decay reaches the nerves inside the tooth, and many cavities, if left untreated, never progress to that point. Therefore, dentists should not fill a cavity unless the nerves inside the tooth are in imminent danger from that cavity.

Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the researcher’s reasoning?
35
F：补牙洞并不是一个没有害处的事情
P：因为补牙会伤害神经系统，造成疼痛
C：只要酸性物质没有伤害到牙齿里边的神经，医生可以不需要给病人补牙
F:牙医研究者：牙齿补洞并不是一个没有害处的事情，不可避免的会损害一些健康的牙齿。
P1：牙洞只有在腐烂达到牙齿内部的神经层的时候才有害
P2：大部分牙洞如果不治疗，并不会到达那种程度。
C：因此，牙医不应该补牙洞，除非内部的神经即将被牙洞损害。
问支持？
G：神经有害+不补牙，不到神经 =》不用补牙，除非到神经
所以gap是不用补牙和伤害之间，少了一环，默认假设了，看答案说: ，即对于潜在的伤害不应用必然带来其他伤害的方法来治疗。

NO3 FEIFEI Logic Test1 Q17
Psychologist: Some astrologers claim that our horoscopes completely determine our personalities, but this claim is false, I concede that identical twins---who are, of course, born at practically the same time---often do have similar personalities. However, birth records were examined to find two individuals who were born 40 years ago on the same day and at exactly the same time---one in a hospital in Toronto and one in a hospital in New York. Personalities of these two individuals are in fact different.
Which one of the following is an assumption on which the psychologist’s argument depends?
53
第一遍没理清逻辑顺序
F：H是造成人类性格的差异的主要物质
P：双胞胎同时出生的，性格相似。但是研究一下40年前同样时间出身的，一个多伦多，一个纽约，两个人的性格不同
C：求假设
F:心理学家说，占星者认为，星座是造成人类性格的差异的主要物质
C：这个结论是错的（星座，或者说出身时间并不是决定性格的因素）
P：我承认双胞胎同时出生的，性格相似。但是研究一下40年前同样时间出身的，一个多伦多，一个纽约，两个人的性格不同
问假设？
G：他因，其他一组一样的因素，导致了双胞胎性格一样，另一个研究性格不一样
割裂因果：

NO4 CR大全不含OG版  TESTC Q2
We have heard a good deal in recent years about the declining importance of the two major political parties. It is the mass media, we are told, that decide the outcome of elections, not the power of the parties. But it is worth noting that no independent or third-party candidate has won any important election in recent years, and in the last nationwide campaign, the two major parties raised and spent more money than ever before in support of their candidates and platforms. It seems clear that reports of the imminent demise of the two-party system are premature at best.
Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument above?
75
F：我们听说两党的支持率都在下降
P：通常是媒体决定结果，而不是
C：
这篇太混乱了

NO5 CR大全不含OG版  TESTC Q3
Psychologists conducted a series of experiments to test the effect upon schoolchildren of violence in films. In the first experiment, grammar school children were shown a film that included scenes of a male teenager engaging in violent acts against others, such as punching, pushing, and kicking. During a free-play session following the film viewing, 42 percent of the children were observed to engage in one or more violent acts similar to those in the film. In a second experiment, a different group of children was shown a similar film featuring a female teenager. Only 14 percent of the children were observed behaving violently afterward. The psychologists concluded that children are more likely to imitate violent behavior on film when a male model is shown than when a female model is shown.

Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the psychologists’ conclusion?

60
心理学家做实验研究孩子的暴力倾向
通过给孩子看暴力视频，观察暴力视频后孩子有暴力倾向的百分比
F1：男青年的暴力视频，之后50%的孩子有暴力倾向
F2：女青年暴力视频，只会14%的孩子有暴力倾向
C：男青年的视频比女青年的视频更容易引起孩子暴力
Q：问削弱
G：他因导致，可能做实验的时候正好别的。。
割裂因果，另一组实验，是女青年的暴力比例高

进击的智人阿飞 · 发表于 2018-10-12 18:06:15

1. 43s：

Premise：飞到火星上的阻碍是weight+ 因为要带燃料所以很重+新型工具能使飞船在火星环境下产生燃料

Conclusion:这种工具能使飞船成功来回。

Assumption:fill the gap。产生的燃料足以让飞船返回；反条件不存在。这种工具不需要飞船带额外很重的材料

2. 32s

Premise:牙医补牙会对牙本身产生伤害+ 虫牙只有到达牙神经时才会产生危害+不补的虫牙很少伤及牙神经

Conclusion:牙医应该只有在伤及牙神经时才帮补牙

Strengthen:前提不导致结论的情况不存在。牙医补牙不是为了防止加重； fill the gap, 牙医补牙是为了让病人不痛

3. 35s

Premise:A说星座决定性格+双胞胎性格相同+同时间不同地点出生的人性格不同

Conclusion:A 说的不对

Assumption:同时间不同地点的人星座是一样的

4. 46s

Counter：两党派的影响不像之前那么大了+Premise:大众传媒只影响选举结果不传达党派影响

Counterpremise: 没有第三党派的人被选上总统+两主要党派花更多钱宣传了

Conclusion：最早的观点不成熟 assumption: 前提不导致结论不存在，当选的票数比例与以前相比没有更少

5. 40s

Premise:小学生看男性青少年犯罪电影，很多模仿+他们看女性青少年犯罪电影+很少模仿

Conclusion：男性犯罪行为对小学生影响更大

Weaken :compare, 两者不能相比，女性青少年犯罪电影很少暴力镜头，少于男性的；

Data problem：样本男女不均匀，小学生爱模仿同性别的人

tinatang1116 · 发表于 2018-12-21 20:10:15

又是一年二度的逻辑题，今天依然是assumption
1. 29.5s
Premise: the reason that people cannot go to Mars is the weight. Now the change of tank containing fuel has been designed to carry enough fuel to and back.
Conclusion: now people can go to Mars
Assumption: weight problem is the only one and people’s weight will not increase.
2. 32.72s
Premise: cavity is not harmful unless it reach the nerve of teeth
Conclusion: dentist should not deal with cavity until it has become harmful
Strengthen: if dentist do unnecessary treatment may cause harm to patient.
3. 32.15s
Premise: two people who were born in the same time were not own the same personality.
Conclusion: horoscopes not completely determine our personalities.
Assumption: horoscopes were determined by time that people born(if born time is the same, horoscopes are the same)
4. 33.6s
Premise: while mass determine elections, no the third party has showed up
Conclusion: the two party have become premature enough.
Strengthen: maybe about the number of these two party are becoming larger.
5. 39.5s
Premise: during two experience, more students imitate violate behavior made by male instead of female.
Conclusion: students are more likely to imitate male behavior rather than female’s
Weaken: in other behavior rather than violate, students show no obvious trend vary from gender.
第四题理解发生了偏差呵呵，实际上应该是：
premise： influence of mass media has incresed
premise: more money has been spent on election
conclusion: the two parties are not mature enough
strenghten: mature party will not spend so much money on election or they can control finance better.

FredaCi · 发表于 2020-12-20 18:05:07

1. One obstacle that prohibt people from getting to mars is that no aircraft can carry as much as fuels needed to support the trip to mars can back.
However, since scientists can use another aircraft to add the needed fuel to the aircraft, the exploration to mars is possible in the future.
assumption: it is possible for another aircraft to add fuel to the first one

2.Filling a cavity can do harm to some healthy part of the tooth, and if the cavities do not reach the nerve, they will do no harm to the tooth.
So only if the cavities are in imminent danger should dentist fill a cavity.
support: there is no potential dangers with most of the cavities which are left untreated

3.It is wrong to say that horoscopes determine our personalities. Identical twins often has similar personlaties and people born in different places at the same time will have different personalities.
assumption: there is no other factors that can conter the effect of horoscopes on one's personality

4. The assumption that the power of two-side party is wrong. Although it is said that the media determine the outcome of the selection, people are spending more money to support the two main parties.

5.Researchers suppose that watching violent movies will affect teenager's behavior. Two experiments show that a higher pecentage of teenagers did similar violence after seeing a male teenager who did violent actions than a female teenager.
So the gender of the teenager in the movie will affect the teenagers' behavior.
Weaken: in two experiement, the participants are diffenet. The former group were more violent before the experiment.

ssssshhhh123 · 发表于 2021-1-5 08:44:48

gouguoqu · 发表于 2021-1-17 16:33:46

第三天
1、58s
2、47s
3、49s
4、1:58s
5、57s

【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-3】

所属分类: GMAT考试

正在浏览此版块的会员 ()