OG-112 以前没人问过

happythree

112. In an attempt to promote the widespread use of paper rather than plastic, and thus reduce

nonbiodegradable waster, the council of a small town plans to ban the sale of disposable plastic goods for which substitutes made of paper exist. The council argues that since most paper is entirely biodegradable, paper goods are environmentally preferable.

Which of the following, if true, indicates that the plan to ban the sale of disposable plastic goods is ill suited to the town council’s environmental goals?

(A) Although biodegradable plastic goods are now available, members of the town council believe

biodegradable paper goods to be safer for the environment.

(B) The paper factory at which most of the towns-people are employed plans to increase production of biodegradable paper goods.

(C) After other towns enacted similar bans on the sale of plastic goods, the environmental benefits were not discernible for several years.

(D) Since most townspeople prefer plastic goods to paper goods in many instances, they are likely to purchase them in neighboring towns where plastic goods are available for sale.

(E) Products other than those derived from wood pulp are often used in the manufacture of paper goods that are entirely biodegradable.

答案是D, 这个我明白.但是答案C,我觉得好像也行.OG的解释为:Choice C suggests that environmental benefits would ensue, albeit not immediately. 但我觉得看不出would ensue

请指教!!!

babypace

逻辑上的一个大问题，你可能在AWA上也会遇到的，就是C这类横向比较。首先，类似的城镇用了相同的政策效果不明显，不能证明这个镇用了也会效果不明显。两者之间不一定可比。另外，OG说的，C只讲了“几年之内没有看到效果”，也就是说几年后可能会看到效果的，只是效果来的不是马上。这就是albeit not immediately的。

happythree

感谢babyleader的精彩回答.

那能不能说在逻辑中这种横向比较都是错的哪?

谢谢

babypace

目前我看到这样比的都是错的。你可以自己观察一下OG CR的题。我觉得这种比较不严密的。因为同一政策在不同城镇，即使是类似的城镇，但不是完全一抹一样的城镇，就会有一些其他因素影响，比如每个城镇的居民的消费习惯可能不同，导致了政策不能收到好的效果。等等，类似的条件还可以举出很多的，所以我觉得这样的比较不够严密。

happythree

但
OG97中的C,D两项好像有些类比的味道

happythree

OG97:

Leaders of a miners’ union on strike against Coalco are contemplating additional measures to pressure the company to accept the union’s contract proposal. The union leaders are considering as their principal new tactic a consumer boycott against Gasco gas stations, which are owned by Energy Incorporated, the same corporation that owns Coalco.

Answer to which of the following questions is LEAST directly relevant to the union leaders’ consideration of whether attempting a boycott of Gasco will lead to acceptance of their contract proposal?

(A) Would revenue losses by Gasco seriously affect Energy Incorporated?

(B) Can current Gasco customers easily obtain gasoline elsewhere?

(C) Have other miners’ unions won contracts similar to the one proposed by this union?

(D) Have other unions that have employed a similar tactic achieved their goals with it?

(E) Do other corporations that own coal companies also own gas stations?

babypace

97题是很容易选出E的。因为这题是比较几个选项中哪个和工会要达到的目的最不相关的。当然是E了， Ｅ讨论到其他公司又有煤矿又有卖油的。这个和题目是一点边都沾不上的。当然，Ｃ和Ｄ选项时我们上面说过不严密的横向比较，但是不严谨不等于不相关。另外，横向比较的结果可以作为一个参考数据，但是不能完全代表另一个事务的结果。

比如：Ａ和Ｂ同时准备ＧＭＡＴ，复习资料相同，　他们同一大学毕业的，毕业后都没有接触过英语。Ａ考到了７００分以上，所以Ｂ认为自己也能考到７００分以上。

你觉得这个推理是不是不太严密？但是它却可以作为一种参考，某种程度上有意义的，而且这种比较是相关的比较。

zenithy

其实D也不是完美的，我心中的答案是“代用品如纸制品也有污染环紧的问题...”，可惜没这个选项。

welkin

以下是引用zenithy在2005-3-28 0:43:00的发言：
其实D也不是完美的，我心中的答案是“代用品如纸制品也有污染环紧的问题...”，可惜没这个选项。

我当时做题的时候和你想法一样（后来误选了E，我以为E是在说造纸需要木头），后来觉得就算选项是“使用纸会导致树木的减少”或者“使用纸会也有环境污染问题” 也不是正确答案，因为此题的问题是： Which of the following, if true, indicates that the plan to ban the sale of disposable plastic goods is ill suited to the town council’s environmental goals? 只要选项没有说禁止了塑料制品不一定能达到town council’s environmental goals（这个goal是reduce nonbiodegradable waster），选项就不是正确答案，（也许这就是lawyer NN说的要注意结论的具体性）。比如我们猜想的答案“使用纸会导致树木的减少”或者“使用纸会也有环境污染问题” ， 这些只是在说使用纸会有环境问题，但并没有说会妨碍reduce nonbiodegradable waster，所以不能是正确答案。

不知道我说的有没有道理，请大家多多指正

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-22 11:19:18编辑过]

gigiga0118

不好意思

我是在閱讀的部分出了問題

the council of a small town plans to ban the sale of disposable plastic goods for which substitutes made of paper exist. The council argues that since most paper is entirely biodegradable, paper goods are environmentally preferable.

which關代代誰??

made of怎麼會放在substitute後面??

紅色的部分我實在不懂

可以幫我說明一下嗎???