【每日逻辑练习第三季】【1-8】

qiuhua01234567

3. People who have specialized knowledge about a

scientific or technical issue are systematically

excluded from juries for trials where the issue is

relevant. Thus, trial by jury is not a fair means of

settling disputes involving such issues.

Which one of the following, if true, most seriously

weakens the argument?

(A) The more complicated the issue being litigated,

the less likely it is that a juror without

specialized knowledge of the field involved

will be able to comprehend the testimony

being given.

(B) The more a juror knows about a particular

scientific or technical issue involved in a

trial, the more likely it is that the juror will be

prejudiced in favor of one of the litigating

parties before the trial begins.

(C) Appointing an impartial arbitrator is not a fair

means of settling disputes involving

scientific or technical issues, because

arbitrators tend to favor settlements in which

both parties compromise on the issues.

(D) Experts who give testimony on scientific or

technical issues tend to hedge their

conclusions by discussing the possibility of

error.

(E) Expert witnesses in specialized fields often

command fees that are so high that many

people involved in litigation cannot afford

their services.

Crops can be traded on the futures market before they are harvested.  If a poor corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures rise; if a bountiful corn harvest is predicted, prices of corn futures fall.  This morning meteorologists are predicting much-needed rain for the corn-growing region starting tomorrow.  Therefore, since adequate moisture is essential for the current crop's survival, prices of corn futures will fall sharply today.



Which of the following, if true, most weakens the argument above?



(A) Corn that does not receive adequate moisture during its critical pollination stage will not produce a bountiful harvest.

(B) Futures prices for corn have been fluctuating more dramatically this season than last season.

(C) The rain that meteorologists predicted for tomorrow is expected to extend well beyond the corn-growing region.

(D) Agriculture experts announced today that a disease that has devastated some of the corn crop will spread widely before the end of the growing season.

(E) Most people who trade in corn futures rarely take physical possession of the corn they trade.









Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week.  According to records maintained by each company, the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P.  Therefore, employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.



Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion?



(A) The employees of Company P lost more time at work due to job-related accidents than did the employees of Company O.

(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.

(C) The employees of Company P were sick more often than were the employees of Company O.

(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident.

(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine.



A drug that is highly effective in treating many types of infection can, at present, be obtained only from the bark of the ibora, a tree that is quite rare in the wild.  It takes the bark of 5,000 trees to make one kilogram of the drug.  It follows, therefore, that continued production of the drug must inevitably lead to the ibora's extinction.D



Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?



(A) The drug made from ibora bark is dispensed to doctors from a central authority.

(B) The drug made from ibora bark is expensive to produce.

(C) The leaves of the ibora are used in a number of medical products.

(D) The ibora can be propagated from cuttings and grown under cultivation.

(E) The ibora generally grows in largely inaccessible places.

qiuhua01234567

The first sentence is a premise, and the second sentence is the conclusion of this argument. To attack this
conclusion, look for an answer choice that shows that the exclusion of knowledgeable individuals from
scientific or technical issue trials is a fair way of proceeding in these trials.
Answer choice (A): This is an Opposite answer that strengthens the conclusion. If specialized knowledge
of these issues makes it more likely that the juror can comprehend the testimony being given, then these
individuals should not be excluded from juries, and their exclusion makes trial by jury an unfair means of
resolving a dispute.
Answer choice (B): This is the correct answer. If the specialized knowledge is likely to produce a
prejudice in a juror, then by all means they should be excluded from the jury. Thus, instead of trial by jury
being an unfair means, it is made more fair by the exclusion of these individuals. The answer is a tricky
one because most people initially think the answer agrees with the argument. It agrees with the principle of
the premise, but not with the conclusion drawn from that premise.
Answer choice (C): This answer simply notes that arbitrators are not a fair means of settling scientific or
technical issue debates. This has no impact on the fairness of jury trials involving these same issues.
Answer choice (D): This answer is about the experts testifying at scientific or technical issue trials. This
information does not attack the claim that jury trials are unfair because of the exclusion of jurors with
knowledge of these issues.
Answer choice (E): This answer can be eliminated by reasoning similar to that used to eliminate answer
choice (D).

qiuhua01234567

Premise:在相关有scientific or technical 的人不能涉足其中
Conclusion：对于这种问题trial by jury 并不是公平的方法
Background：长势好，价格低。长势不好，价格高
Premise：预报说有足够的雨水
Conclusion：雨水对生长很好，因此价格会低。
Premise：O公司比P公司有更少的工伤事故。
Conclusion：O公司比P公司有更少事故。

warmayme

这个是最新的吗？、、、

cherry1102

和1-7有重复滴亲、、、

高七七

除了bible外题目都跟【1-7】一样哦亲~~
再贴一次好了

2.
B: Crops can be trade before harvested.
P: poor corn harvest predicted--$ increased; bountiful crop predicted--$ fall
Rain
C: rain—adequate--$ fall
Choose: A

3.
B: O& employee work same hour/week
P: O had few job accidents than P(record maintained)
C: O are less likely to have job accident than P
Choose  B  

4.
B: a drug--(from bark of ibora-rare) --highly effect many infection can
P: take the bark of 5000 trees—make 1kg drug
C: Drug lead ibora's extinction
Choose: D

livdl

额，，。。我快要赶上进度了。。加油。。

leewonting

6，
背景：People have specialized knowledge
条件：People are systematically excluded from juries for trial where the issue is relevant
结论：The trial by jury is not a fair means of setting disputes involving such issues
推测：对案件知识的掌握程度不影响公平的思考
选B，陪审团知道的越多，审评越不公平


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除了第一题，其他跟1-7一样啊～～
PS,啥米时候对答案来着？