For protection from the summer sun, the Mojave lived in open-sided, flat-topped dwellings known as shades, each a roof of poles and arrowweed supported by posts set in a rectangle.
A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A. The first is an assumption that forms the basis for a course of action that the argument criticizes; the second presents the course of action endorsed by the argument.
B. The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.
C. The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption.
D. The first is a consideration raised in support of a strategy the argument endorses; the second presents grounds in support of that consideration.
E. The first is a consideration raised to show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect; the second is presented to explain the appeal of that strategy. 一、题干四句话分析如下： A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price. 第一句话，摆出一个事实作为论述的前提。Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product. 第二句话，基于第一句话所论述的前提和本句because后所列的两个考虑因素，得出一个结论：即许多公司采取的一个行动策略。But large profits on the mew product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities. 第三句话，分析指出如果执行上述行动策略，将给公司造成不利。Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price. 第四句话，最后得出一个改进后的行动策略，也即是大结论。 二、选项分析如下： A. The first is an assumption that forms the basis for a course of action that the argument criticizes; the second presents the course of action endorsed by the argument. The first 不是 an assumption, 而是对事实的一个判断；The second 没有提出一个行动策略，而是分析前文提出的行动策略将带来的结果。因此本项错。
B. The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy. 本项描述最准确。
C. The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption. The first 不是 an assumption, 而是对事实的一个判断，其作用也不是去证明某策略的正确，而是作为推出某策略的一个原因；The second 没有质疑 the first 。
D. The first is a consideration raised in support of a strategy the argument endorses; the second presents grounds in support of that consideration. the argument 并没有 endorses the first 支持的a strategy（即：第二句话的主句）；the second 也没有支持 the first。
E. The first is a consideration raised to show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect; the second is presented to explain the appeal of that strategy. the first 只是指出第二句中所述行动策略的一个原因，并没有show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect；the second 并没有指出 that strategy（即第二句中的行动策略）的引人之处，而是相反地指出其不利因素。
GWD3-Q31: Although most smoking-related illnesses are caused by inhaling the tar in tobacco smoke, it is addiction to nicotine that prevents most smokers from quitting. In an effort to decrease the incidence of smoking-related illnesses, lawmaker in Sandonia plan to reduce the average quantity of nicotine per cigarette by half over the next five years. Unfortunately, smokers who are already addicted to nicotine tend to react to such reductions by smoking correspondingly more cigarettes. The information above most strongly supports which of the following predictions about the effects of implementing the Sandonian government’s plan? A. The average quantity of tar inhaled by Sandonian smokers who are currently addicted to nicotine will probably not decrease during the next five years. B. Sandonian smokers who are not already addicted to nicotine will probably also begin to smoke more cigarettes during the next five years than they had previously. C. The annual number of Sandonian smokers developing smoking-related illnesses will probably decrease during the next five years. D. The proportion of Sandonians attempting to quit smoking who succeed in that attempt will probably decrease during the next five years. E. The number of Sandonians who quit smoking during the next five years will probably exceed the number who quit during the last five years.
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发表于 2008-12-18 12:44:00
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