【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-20】

spencerX

【精练】
Background: Because it is who sell the diamonds to you that assesses them, the price of diamonds is higher than their real quality.
Premise: All diamonds sold at GW are certified in writing
Conclusion: You can buy diamonds at GW at a fair price.
Pre: The certifications are not given by who sell the diamonds to customers.
Analysis:
A.    Out of scope. What concerned in this argument is weather the certification given by GW is neutral, information about other companies cannot strengthen the argument.
B.    Even when the certifications are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems, we cannot know whether they will assess the diamonds neutral.
C.    Irrelevant.
D.    Irrelevant.
E.    Correct. If this statement is true, it is reasonable to infer that customers can buy high-end diamonds at a fair price.

【逻辑链】
1.    
Paradox: 阳光照射使长在海冰上的plants生长。但是当moderate雪减少阳光的时候，plants长得更多了。
Pre：雪保存了营养？
My answer：A

2.
Background：G and R each provide health care for their employees.
Premise: G pays: test- c levels& treatment of high c; high cholesterol left untreated for many years leads to conditions that require very expensive treatment
Subordinate conclusion: G’s strategy can save money
Conclusion: R does not have to adapt the same policy
Pre: R’s employees’ c will not last long
My answer: E

3.
Fact:
United Lumber will use trees from its forests for two products.
Tree trunks: lumber
Branches: wood chips to make fiberboard
Cost of the conversion would be the same whether done at the logging site or factory
HOWEVER, wood chips occupy less than half the volume of the branches from which they are made.
Pre: It will cost less money if people do the job at the site.
My answer: D
虽然在哪里处理树，价格都是一样的，但是如果chop占的地方少，而运费又是根据体积来算的，那么在site处理好之后再运走，会比较节约

4.
Background: Economic stagnation& restrictive regulations inhibited the oil export of U. U oil exports dropped steadily as old fields became depleted.
Premise: U will improve economic situation and have less restrictive regulations, as a result, new fields will develop rapidly.
Conclusion: It is premature to get the conclusion--- development of new fields→ higher oil exports
Pre: ?
My answer: B

这题是“他因”，如果U本国的汽车多了，那么就会使用油，则出口量就不一定增加。

baseboss

1.In contract to nomarl diamond assessing by selling guy.G certified the price in write.
presume:
Certified price is the same as the really price.

(A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also
provide written certification of the quality of
their diamonds.
-->weaken
(B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World
are written by people with years of
experience in appraising gems.
-->irrelevant
(C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally
of higher quality than those sold at other
jewelry stores.
-->irrelevant
(D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of
the most expensive diamonds can change by
hundreds of dollars from one day to the next.
-->weaken
(E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem
World are provided by an independent
company of gem specialists.
-->support,correct


2 presume:
moderate snow cover can hold more nutrients when seawater splashing on to it.

(A) As the weight of accumulated snow forces ice lower in the water, more seawater splashes onto the surface and seeps through the snow.
-->correct
(B) Seawater in the Antarctic often contains higher concentrations of nutrients than does seawater in more temperate regions.
-->irrelevant
(C) As the air temperature around sea ice decreases during the winter, the likelihood decreases that snow will fall and thus add to any existing snow cover.
-->irrelevant
(D) The nutrients on which algae rely are common in seawater throughout the Antarctic.
-->irrelevant
(E) More sunlight filters through a layer of ice than through an equally thick layer of snow.
-->irrelevant

3
presume:
R employee do not have high c.

(A) early treatment of high cholesterol does not entirely eliminate the possibility of a stroke later in life
-->irrelevant
(B) the mass media regularly feature stories encouraging people to maintain diets that are low in cholesterol
-->irrelevant
(C) RenCo has significantly more employees than Garnet has
-->irrelevant
(D) RenCo's employees are unlikely to have higher cholesterol levels than Garnet's employees
-->maybe correct
(E) the average length of time an employee stays with RenCo is less than it is with Garnet
-->irrelevant

4presume:
branches can not 100% convert into wood chips.



(A) Converting the branches into wood chips at the logging site would require transporting a fully assembled wood-chipping machine to and from the site.
-->weaken
(B) It would be more economical to debranch the trees at the factory where the fiberboard is manufactured.
-->correct.
(C) The debranching of trees and the conversion of the branches into chips are the only stages in the processing of branches that it would be in United's economic advantage to perform at the logging site.
-->weaken
(D) Transportation costs from the logging site to the factory that are determined by volume of cargo would be lower if the conversion into chips is done at the logging site rather than at the factory.
-->weaken
(E) In the wood-processing industry, branches are used only for the production of wood chips for fiberboard.
-->irrelevant

5presume:
Economic stafnation will lead to lower requirment on the oil,which will affect the exports.


(A) the price of oil is expected to remain relatively stable over the next several years
-->support
(B) the improvement in the economic situation in Utrania is expected to result in a dramatic increase in the proportion of Utranians who own automobiles
-->support
(C) most of the investment in new oil fields in Utrania is expected to come from foreign sources
-->correct
(D) new technology is available to recover oil from old oil fields formerly regarded as depleted
-->support
(E) many of the new oil fields in Utrania are likely to be as productive as those that were developed during the period when Utrania was a major oil exporter
-->irrelevant


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二楼往下掉

(1)47s support
(2)逻辑链
Background：
At most jewelry stores, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is.
Primes：
all diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing
Conclusion：
you’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem World.
(3)有很多钻石的售卖的价格与收购的价格差不多
(4)A：说明G这家店的优势不是优势，大家都有，loser
B：说明G家的这个鉴定很可信，contender
C：文中没有比较G家与其他珠宝店的宝石的质量，而是比较了性价比，loser
D：说明宝石市场价格波动很大，但是没提到文中比较的性价比的问题，loser
E：说明G家的鉴定是由独立机构完成的，所以比较可信，contender
B中算不算权威观点？所以，选E

今儿家里电脑突然坏了。。。我就只能用爱拍的先把精炼做了。。。剩下的明儿修了电脑再发上来吧。。。
话说，磕磕绊绊二十几天中午做完了一季，真心不容易，我就是个没什么耐性的人。不过做完不是目的，这不知不觉也做了一百道题了，需要好好总结下。加油！！！！！

补上剩下四道题
2.
（1）55s explain
（2）逻辑链
Background：
Microscopicplants called algae grow inside the top layer of sea ice in the Antarctic ifenough sunlight reaches that layer of ice and enough seawater, which containsnutrients, reaches that layer after splashing onto the surface.
Fact：
moderatesnow cover reduces the sunlight that filters into the top layer, sea ice withmoderate snow cover typically contains even more algae in the top layer thandoes sea ice with less snow cover.
（3）雪的覆盖会提高温度，导致alga数量多
（4）A：雪的积累导致冰面下沉可以接触更多的海水，contender
B：只讨论南极附近的海水，跟别的地方的没关系，loser
C：文章要讨论的是雪的覆盖与alga的问题，不是雪会覆盖在哪里，loser
D：无关选项，loser
E：如果E对，应该没有雪或者雪少的地方alga比较多，loser
所以，选A

3.
（1）30s explain
（2）逻辑链
Background：
Garnetand RenCo each provide health care for their employees.
Fact1：
Garnetpays for both testing of its employees' cholesterol levels and treatment ofhigh cholesterol. This policy saves Garnet money, since high cholesterol leftuntreated for many years leads to conditions that require very expensivetreatment.
Fact2：
RenCodoes not have the same financial incentive to adopt such a policy.
?
（3）R公司的员工流动性比较大，所以很多员工并未在公司工作很长时间，所以公司不会提供治疗费用。
（4）A：不能完全消除但是也能消除一部分，所以总的来说治疗还是有效果的，loser
B：大量媒体的宣传不能解释两个公司的差异，loser
C：R有更多的员工，那么多年以后患病的人数可能会更多，更应该提早治疗，loser
D：R员工患病的概率低，低也应该提前治疗啊，因为总会有患病的可能性，如果患病就是很大一笔费用，loser
E：同预测，contender
所以，选E

4.
（1）1’05’’  mustbe true
（2）逻辑链
Facts：
<1>United Lumber will use trees from its forests for two products. The treetrunks will be used for lumber and the branches converted into wood chips tomake fiberboard.
<2> The cost of this conversion would be the same whether done at the loggingsite, where the trees are debranched, or at United's factory.
<3> wood chips occupy less than half the volume of the branches from whichthey are made.
（4）A：无关选项，loser
B：没有提到在工厂具体如何制造，loser
C：没有说这是优点，loser
D：因为同样的成本下，chips更省地方，所以运输成本更低，contender
E：没说branches还有没有其他用处，loser
所以，选D

5.
（1）44s explain
（2）逻辑链
Background：
<1>Utrania was formerly a major petroleum exporter, but in recent decadeseconomic stagnation and restrictive regulations inhibited investment in new oilfields.
<2>In consequence, Utranian oil exports dropped steadily as old fields becamedepleted.
<3>Utrania's currently improving economic situation, together withless-restrictive regulations, will undoubtedly result in the rapid developmentof new fields.
Primes:
?
Conclusion：
Itwould be premature to conclude that the rapid development of new fields willresult in higher oil exports
（3）会有新的竞争对手，新的市场规则
（4）A：保持价格稳定不会影响U的复苏速度，loser
B：新的经济环境，汽车很重要，contender
C：与是否来自外国资源没关系，loser
D：新技术表明可以从旧的油田得到油，这必然会导致U的复苏，loser
E：很多新油田都有很好的生产前景，所以有理由相信U会复苏，loser
所以，选B

jetyxo

1 27"  background: the man assessing the diamond is the man selling it--->he will assessing it as more good than true
          premise: all diamond in GM are certificated in writing
          conclusion: they will be sold at fair price
           support? the certificate will not unfairly say that the quality of the diamond is more better than they really are
           answer:E
--------------------------------------------------------------
2  28"  premise: algae grow need 1)sunlight  2) seawater contained nutrition
           fact: there was a  snow cover the area that reduce the sunlight, but algae in this area grown more than other areas
           reason?   A  sown---> lower location ---> more seawater --->more nutrition
---------------------------------------------------------
3  22"  bcakground: G supply health care for its employees ,including test and treatment,beacause long period untreatment will lead to more expensive treatment
           fact:  M does not do like G ,reason?--->employees in M just work short time
            B C D irrelevant ; A ,early treatment will not entirely reduce the possibility ---> no relationship with the cost of treatment         answer: E
---------------------------------------------------------
4 29"  background:  branches---> wood chips---> fiberboard
                               cost of conversions is the same in factory as in forest
                              the volum of wood chips is harf of that of branches
           infer? ----> D   refers the volum
---------------------------------------------------------------
5 34"  background:   economic stagnation and regulation prohibit from inveting in new oil field--->U export reduce when oil field depleted
       fact: economic stimulation and less-restrictive regulation will not lead to increase in export
       reason?--->B   export--->domestic sale

emmasy

1.
facts:all diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing
conclusion:you’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem World.
a.irrevelant
b.weaken
c.irrevelant
d.weaken
e.support

2.
a.correct

3.
e.correct

4.
d.correct

5.
e.correct

LuckyYolandaLi

1.
1）计时：s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: At most jewelry stores, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so
you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is. All diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing
Conclusion: You’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem World.
3）推测：all diamonds at Gem Would are certificated by official organization.
4）选项分析：选E
A: Irrelevant有点weaken.
B: 。。。
C: Irrelevant.
D: Irrelevant.
E: Correct.


5.
1）计时：53s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: Microscopic plants called algae grow inside the top layer of sea ice in the Antarctic if enough sunlight reaches that layer of ice and enough seawater, which contains nutrients, reaches that layer after splashing onto the surface.
Counter-Premise: Moderate snow cover reduces the sunlight that filters into the top layer.
Conclusion: Sea ice with moderate snow cover typically contains even more algae in the top layer than does sea ice with less snow cover.
3）推测：moderate sunlight, neither much nor little, is helpful to the growth of algae.
4）选项分析：选A
A: Correct.
B: Irrelevant.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Irrelevant.
E: Irrelevant.有点Counteractive.


6.
1）计时：45s
2）逻辑链：
Premise: Garnet and RenCo each provide health care for their employees.  Garnet pays for both testing of its employees' cholesterol levels and treatment of high cholesterol.  This policy saves Garnet money, since high cholesterol left untreated for many years leads to conditions that require very expensive treatment.
Conclusion: RenCo does not have the same financial incentive to adopt such a policy.
3）推测：无思路。。。
4）选项分析：选A（正确答案：E）
B C D E感觉都无关呢。。。


7.
1）计时：50s
2）逻辑链：
不知道这几句有什么联系。。。
3）推测：。。。
4）选项分析：选D
A: wood-chipping machine——not mentioned.
B: cannot be inferred.
C: the only——too absolute
D: correct
E: only——too absolute


8.
1）计时：58s
2）逻辑链：
Background information: Utrania was formerly a major petroleum exporter, but in recent decades economic stagnation and restrictive regulations inhibited investment in new oil fields.
Premise: Utrania's currently improving economic situation, together with less-restrictive regulations, will undoubtedly result in the rapid development of new fields.
Conclusion: It would be premature to conclude that the rapid development of new fields will result in higher oil exports.
3）推测：
4）选项分析：选B
A: Irrelevant.
B: Correct.
C: Irrelevant.
D: Irrelevant有点Counteractive.
E: Counteractive.

cleotina

46''
support
1 in most of the stores the person assess the diamonds is the person who sell it, so most of the time you will be told the quality is higher than it is

2 In the GW, all the diamonds are certified in writing, you will buy a diamond with equal quality.

Guess:more evidence to prove the others stores will high evaluate the diamonds. so the main point is whether the diamonds are certificated by the  interdependent
OA: E


46''
discrepancy
1: algea grow in the first lyer of ice with enough sunlight and enough seawater containing nutrients
2: sea ice with snow cover tend to have more algea, although less eunlight fliter in, than the place with less snow cover
Guess: the place with a thick snow cover tend to contain more seawater for some reason
OA: A

36''
explain the discrepancy
1, G and R both support health care for their employees
2, G provide check and healing for a special kind of desease. since if the disease not found and treated early will spend more money
3, R do not take use the same method .
Guess: the employee in R not tend to have the desease
OA: E
D: very tricky

1'
must be true
1 a tree has two products, one is trunk and another is branch, which is to made wood chips
2 the fee are the same in the logging site and in the factory
3 but the volum of the wood chips will be 50% of the branch
guess: economic is to made the branch into chip as soon as posible, especially before transfering.
OA: D
C: only is too extremed

50'
explain
1 U export oil. since the political stuff it can not obtain new field. as the depleted of the old field, its exported will drop
2 the way to sevle is to dig the new field and thus enlarge the exportation
3 however, it may not a efficient way to solve the problem
Guess: some other factors restraited the amount of the exportation
OA: C
错了，我理解错了选项的意思   资金来自国外并不代表油田一定也在国外， 是我想太多。

Donts

1.计时32''premise:the jewelry is normally assessed by those who sell it at a jewelry store, thus the assessment is usually better than its quality.
conclusion:Since all diamond sold in G are qualified in writing, the price is fair.
推测：把漏洞补好。qualified in writing by other authority agency.
The reasoning in the advertisement would be most strengthened if which one of the following were true?
(A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also provide written certification of the quality of their diamonds.无关。
(B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems.有削弱的意味。
(C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally of higher quality than those sold at other jewelry stores.与qualified in writing无关。
(D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of the most expensive diamonds can change by hundreds of dollars from one day to the next.无关。
(E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem World are provided by an independent company of gem specialists.符合推测。
2.计时50''
premise:A grows inside the top layer of sea ice with enough sunlight and B;moderate snow will reduce sunlight.
conclusion:in moderate snow top layer of sea ice, the cover contains more A than does sea ice with less snow cover.
推测：雪覆盖越多，B越多，对B的需求更大？
选择A
3.计时37''
G and R both provide health care for their employees. G pays both testing C and high treatment. this policy saves G money because the illness left many years will lead to more expenditure. however, R does not have financial incentive to implement such a policy.
推测：R和G的不同点。
选择E
4.计时49''
the UL use tree for two products: lumber and wood chips. the cost of the conversion is the same whether done in logging or in the factory. however, the chips will occupy less than half volume of the branches from which they are made.
推测：占用更少volume可以盈利，或者说是公司目的。
选择D
5.计时49''
the U is a major petroleum exporter, but recently the economy recession and restrictive regulations inhibit investment in new old fields. consequently, U's old export decreased steadily. U's current improving economy and less-restrictive regulation will definitely lead to rapid development of new fields.however the conclusion is premature because
推测：别的石油进口国状况并不好。
选择C
订正5：B
原因：国内需求量多了，都满足内需去了，export可能就不会太多。要注意点是更多的石油田不一定有更多的出口。
问题：B的错误？
总结：
看到前面是advertisement就要敏感可能有flaw：One quirk of the LSAT is that every stimulus in LSAT history that has been preceded by this word has contained faulty or deceptive logic.
可以尝试把自己放到题目的场景中 If you were standing there in the store and you were told that Gem World has written certification, wouldn’t you ask who does the certification

TICKCOCK

1．    E
2．    A
3．    E
4．    D
5．    B
完满的结束~

yzrodman

加入加入~
Background：At most jewelry stores, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so
you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is.

Premise：all diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing

Conclusion：you’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem
World.
(A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also
provide written certification of the quality of
their diamonds.       看似加强，逻辑链依然有问题，问题在于certification是否真实有效
(B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World
are written by people with years of
experience in appraising gems.   备选答案之一，在和E比较时发现E更有权威性和说服力
(C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally
of higher quality than those sold at other
jewelry stores.                           无证据证明
(D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of
the most expensive diamonds can change by
hundreds of dollars from one day to the next. 更蛋疼的答案~
(E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem
World are provided by an independent
company of gem specialists.   最佳答案~我选E