1. background information:At most jewelry stores, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is.premise: all diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing, conclusion:you’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem World. (A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also provide written certification of the quality of their diamonds. --irrelevant (B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems. --weaken (C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally of higher quality than those sold at other jewelry stores. --irrelevant (D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of the most expensive diamonds can change by hundreds of dollars from one day to the next. --irrelevant (E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem World are provided by an independent company of gem specialists.
--right 2.background information:Microscopic plants called algae grow inside the top layer of sea ice in the Antarctic if enough sunlight reaches that layer of ice and enough seawater, which contains nutrients, reaches that layer after splashing onto the surface. premise:moderate snow cover reduces the sunlight that filters into the top layer, +??? conclusion:sea ice with moderate snow cover typically contains even more algae in the top layer than does sea ice with less snow cover. offer enough nutrients (A) As the weight of accumulated snow forces ice lower in the water, more seawater splashes onto the surface and seeps through the snow. --right (B) Seawater in the Antarctic often contains higher concentrations of nutrients than does seawater in more temperate regions. --irrelevant (C) As the air temperature around sea ice decreases during the winter, the likelihood decreases that snow will fall and thus add to any existing snow cover. --irrelevant (D) The nutrients on which algae rely are common in seawater throughout the Antarctic. --irrelevant (E) More sunlight filters through a layer of ice than through an equally thick layer of snow. --weaken 3.background information:Garnet and RenCo each provide health care for their employees. Garnet pays for both testing of its employees' cholesterol levels and treatment of high cholesterol. premise:high cholesterol left untreated for many years leads to conditions that require very expensive treatment conclusion: This policy saves Garnet money employees of the G company have a higher risk in getting high cholesterol because of job
(A) early treatment of high cholesterol does not entirely eliminate the possibility of a stroke later in life --irrelevant (B) the mass media regularly feature stories encouraging people to maintain diets that are low in cholesterol --irrelevant (C) RenCo has significantly more employees than Garnet has --irrelevant (D) RenCo's employees are unlikely to have higher cholesterol levels than Garnet's employees --right (E) the average length of time an employee stays with RenCo is less than it is with Garnet
--irrelevant--right 思路错了~ 4.premise:United Lumber will use trees from its forests for two products. The tree trunks will be used for lumber and the branches converted into wood chips to make fiberboard. The cost of this conversion would be the same whether done at the logging site, where the trees are debranched, or at United's factory. However, wood chips occupy less than half the volume of the branches from which they are made. conclusion:??? done at the logging site (A) Converting the branches into wood chips at the logging site would require transporting a fully assembled wood-chipping machine to and from the site. --irrelevant (B) It would be more economical to debranch the trees at the factory where the fiberboard is manufactured. --wrong (C) The debranching of trees and the conversion of the branches into chips are the only stages in the processing of branches that it would be in United's economic advantage to perform at the logging site. --unknown (D) Transportation costs from the logging site to the factory that are determined by volume of cargo would be lower if the conversion into chips is done at the logging site rather than at the factory. --right (E) In the wood-processing industry, branches are used only for the production of wood chips for fiberboard. --irrelevant 5.background information:Utrania was formerly a major petroleum exporter, but in recent decades economic stagnation and restrictive regulations inhibited investment in new oil fields. -->Utranian oil exports dropped steadily as old fields became depleted. Utrania's currently improving economic situation, together with less-restrictive regulations, will undoubtedly result in the rapid development of new fields. premise:??? conclusion:premature to conclude that the rapid development of new fields will result in higher oil exports foreign countries have less demand for importing petroleum (A) the price of oil is expected to remain relatively stable over the next several years --irrelevant (B) the improvement in the economic situation in Utrania is expected to result in a dramatic increase in the proportion of Utranians who own automobiles --right (C) most of the investment in new oil fields in Utrania is expected to come from foreign sources --irrelevant (D) new technology is available to recover oil from old oil fields formerly regarded as depleted --irrelevant (E) many of the new oil fields in Utrania are likely to be as productive as those that were developed during the period when Utrania was a major oil exporter --weaken
P:[25s] P: In most cases, people want to see diamond to make sure whether the diamond quality is exaggerated by the seller? because all the diamond in Gen has certificate?C: the diamond has a fair price. Support: as to the same quality diamond, the certificate diamond price will not higher than the non certificate price. A: (A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also provide written certification of the quality of their diamonds.—>irrelevant with other jewelry stores. (B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems.--> experience can not guarantee the fairness. (C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally of higher quality than those sold at other jewelry stores.-->irrelevant with comparison of the quality (D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of the most expensive diamonds can change by hundreds of dollars from one day to the next.-->weaken (E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem World are provided by an independent company of gem specialists.-->R
【精炼1-20】 strengthen_41s background information:people who assess the diamond is the person who sell it. you can see why an assessor will say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is. premise:in Gem World, all diamonds are assessing in writing. conclusion:you can buy diamond in Gem World at a fair price. (A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also provide written certification of the quality of their diamonds.——irrelevant (B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems.——it is possible that when people with years of experience in appraising gems write the certifications, they will intentionally write the certification that the diamond is of higher quality than it really is. (C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally of higher quality than those sold at other jewelry stores.——has no effect on this issue (D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of the most expensive diamonds can change by hundreds of dollars from one day to the next.——irrelevant (E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem World are provided by an independent company of gem specialists.——correct
The stimulus is prefaced by the word “advertisement.” One quirk of the LSAT is that every stimulus in LSAT history that has been preceded by this word has contained faulty or deceptive logic. Thus, whenever you see this word prefacing a stimulus, be on the lookout for misleading or flawed reasoning.
1/Background: in most jewelry stores, because the assessors of diamonds is also the sellers of diamonds, they often exaggerate the quality of the diamonds they sell. Premise: every diamond from Gem World is certified in writing, so the price of diamonds are faire to clients. Prephrase: the certification of diamonds is provided by the neutral institute. E A: if it is true, the Gem World’s written certification might be unreliable as others, it weakens the argument. B: what if the people who write the certification are the shop’s sellers? C: irrelevant D: irrelevant E: right, the certification provided by an independent company is convincible. 2/Background: enough sunshine and seawater help algae to grow inside the top layer of sea ice. Sea ice with moderate snow cover contains more algae than does sea ice with less snow cover. Prephrase: the moderate snow cover makes sea ice sink deeper, which makes it easy for seawater to reach the layer where algae grows. A A: it meets one of the requirements which promote the growth of algae. B: irrelevant C: irrelevant D: irrelevant E: it weakens the argument 3/Background: Garnet and RenCo each provide health care for their employees. Garnet’s policy of testing and curing high cholesterol saves its money, for high cholesterol left untreated for years leads to conditions that require very expensive treatment. RenCo does not have the same financial incentive to adopt such a policy. Prephrase: RenCo is in a trade different from Garnet, it is much less likely for its employees to catch disease, or the average less of time employees work in RenCo is less than 2 years. E A: irrelevant B: irrelevant C: it cannot be the explanation D: compared with E, it is not the most suitable answer. E: the employees often leave the company before they are likely to catch high cholesterol. 4/Background: the tree trunks are used for lumber and the branches are converted into wood chips. To do the convention at logging site or at factory does not affect the cost. Wood chips cost less than half the volume of the branches from which they are made. Prephrase: the convention will be transferred into the factory, it is easy to tackle with the remnant of wood after the convention of branches. E A: a fully assembled wood-chipping machine is not referred to in the main part. B: if it is true, the cost of debranch will increase. C: not mentioned D: a truck can transport more chips than branched each time. E: not mentioned 5/Background: because of restrictive regulation, Utranian oil exports dropped steadily as old fields became depleted. Premise: Utrania’s currently improving economic situation, together with less-restrictive regulations, will result in the rapid development of new fields, but it is not certain that the exports will increase as well. Prephrase: to meet the requirements of domestic demand is the first step. The oversea clients have found substitute for Utrania. B A: here the price has no ties with the amount of export. B: when there is a substantial increase of automobiles, the Utrania should meet the domestic demand of oil C: irrelevant D: irrelevant E: irrelevant
102 背景：At most jewelry stories, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher qualified than it really is. 条件：The diamond in Gem World is certified in writing. 结论：Fair price. 推测：有certified的钻石不能乱提高价格？ 选E（B is confusing）
103 背景：Microscopic plants called algae grow inside the top layer of sea ice in the Antarctic if enough sunlight reaches that layer of ice and enough seawater which contains nutrients. 条件：Moderate snow cover reduces the sunlight that filters into the top layer. 结论：But sea ice with moderate snow cover typically contains more algae in the top layer than does sea ice with less snow cover 推测：snow cover contains more nutrients? 选A
104 背景：Garnet and RenCo each provide health care for their employees. 条件：Garnet provides both testing and treatment of high cholesterol, but RenCo does not. 结论：RenCo does not have such these incentives 推测：RenCo hires people quitting their jobs from Garnet 选E
105 背景：The tree trunks will be used for lumber and the branches converted into wood chips to make fiberboard. 条件：Cost of this conversion would be the same whether done at the logging site or at United’s factory 结论：Wood chips occupy less than half the volume of the branches from which they are made. 推测：wood chips的制作地点是不是要交通费用？ 选D
106 背景：Utrania was formerly a major petroleum exporter, but in recent years economic stagnation and restrictive regulations inhibited investment in new oil fields. 条件：Old fields became depleted and there are no restrictive regulations 结论：It’s premature to conclude that the rapid development of new fields will result in higher oil export. 推测：国内对oil的需求也很大，用于内需 选B
1. Advertisement: At most jewelry stores, the person assessing the diamond is the person selling it so you can see why an assessor might say that a diamond is of higher quality than it really is. But because all diamonds sold at Gem World are certified in writing, you’re assured of a fair price when purchasing a diamond from Gem World.
The reasoning in the advertisement would be most strengthened if which one of the following were true? (A) Many jewelry stores other than Gem World also provide written certification of the quality of their diamonds. (B) The certifications of diamonds at Gem World are written by people with years of experience in appraising gems. (C) The diamonds sold at Gem World are generally of higher quality than those sold at other jewelry stores. (D) The diamond market is so volatile that prices of the most expensive diamonds can change by hundreds of dollars from one day to the next. (E) The written certifications of diamonds at Gem World are provided by an independent company of gem specialists.
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发表于 2011-12-9 21:42:22
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