【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-16】

corneliaflower

晚上不能开电脑了，提前放出来。大家先把15做完再来16哈~

【精练】

3. Violent crime in this town is a becoming a serious
problem. Compared to last year, local law
enforcement agencies have responded to 17 percent
more calls involving violent crimes, showing that the
average citizen of this town is more likely than ever
to become a victim of a violent crime.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously
weakens the argument?
(A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have
risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less
likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65.
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach
programs, more people than ever are willing
to report violent crimes to the proper
authorities.
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the
town has recently opened a community
center providing supervised activities for
teenagers.
(E) Community officials have shown that a
relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the
town.


【逻辑链】

61. (34849-!-item-!-188;#058&007585)
Which of the following best completes the passage below?
At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent.  What must, of course, be shown, in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls, is that __________.
(A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
(C) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
(E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible
62. (34897-!-item-!-188;#058&007589)
The interview is an essential part of a successful hiring program because, with it, job applicants who have personalities that are unsuited to the requirements of the job will be eliminated from consideration.
The argument above logically depends on which of the following assumptions?
(A) A hiring program will be successful if it includes interviews.
(B) The interview is a more important part of a successful hiring program than is the development of a job description.
(C) Interviewers can accurately identify applicants whose personalities are unsuited to the requirements of the job.
(D) The only purpose of an interview is to evaluate whether job applicants' personalities are suited to the requirements of the job.
(E) The fit of job applicants' personalities to the requirements of the job was once the most important factor in making hiring decisions.
63. (34945-!-item-!-188;#058&007591)
Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week.  According to records maintained by each company, the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P.  Therefore, employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.
Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion?
(A) The employees of Company P lost more time at work due to job-related accidents than did the employees of Company O.
(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.
(C) The employees of Company P were sick more often than were the employees of Company O.
(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident.
(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine.
64. (34993-!-item-!-188;#058&007593)
Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days.  This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female's sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat's maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.

corneliaflower

KEY: B C B E

bible解释：

Question #3. Weaken-CE. December 2003 LSAT, Section 2, #6. The correct answer choice is (C)
The premise contains information concerning a rise in the number of calls involving violent crimes
compared to last year. This is where smart LSAT reading comes into play: does the argument say there is
more crime, or does it say there are more calls reporting crime? Recognizing the difference is critical for
successfully solving this problem. The conclusion about citizens being more likely to be victimized by a
violent crime indicates the author believes the following causal relationship:
GNC = greater number of violent crimes
MC = more calls involving violent crimes
  C                  E
GNC———> MC
Literally, the author believes that there are more violent crimes and therefore the police are responding to
more violent crime calls.
The question stem asks you to weaken the argument, and the correct answer falls into one of the five basic
methods for weakening a causal argument.
Answer choice (A): This is an Opposite answer that strengthens the argument.
Answer choice (B): Because the argument is about “the average citizen of this town,” information about
victims of a certain age is not relevant.
Answer choice (C): This is the correct answer. By showing that people are more willing to report crimes
(and thus call them in for response), an alternate cause for the rise in the number of calls is given.
Answer choice (D): This answer only addresses an effect of the concern over crime, and does not address
the causal relationship that underlies the argument.
Answer choice (E): This answer does not address a possible rise in crime or the reasons for the rise in
responses to calls involving violent crime.

qiuhua01234567

我是沙发，哈哈

CHRISTINE2010

占位。。。开始练习。。。。

xeyyxzty

1.background information:Violent crime in this town is a becoming a serious problem.premise:Compared to last year, local law enforcement agencies have responded to 17 percent more calls involving violent crimes
conclusion:showing that the average citizen of this town is more likely than ever to become a victim of a violent crime.
what if citizens call a lot for the same crime~many victims
(A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have risen slightly this year compared to the same period last year.
--violent crimes~crimes--irrelevant--strengthen??? why
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less likely to be victims of violent crimes than persons over the age of 65.
--irrelevant
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach programs, more people than ever are willing to report violent crimes to the proper authorities.
--right
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the town has recently opened a community center providing supervised activities for teenagers.
--irrelevant
(E) Community officials have shown that a relatively small number of repeat offenders commit the majority of violent crimes in the town.

--support
does the argument say there is more crime, or does it say there are more calls reporting crime?
2.background information:At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent.  
premise:???
conclusion:to avoid excessively restrictive controls
(A) any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
--irrelevant
(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
--support--right--substance to be made subject to controls是什么意思???
(C) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
--right
(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
--irrelevant
(E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible
--irrelevant
3. premise: with it, job applicants who have personalities that are unsuited to the requirements of the job will be eliminated from consideration.
conclusion:The interview is an essential part of a successful hiring program
job applicants will show their personalities during an interview
(A) A hiring program will be successful if it includes interviews.
--conclusion
(B) The interview is a more important part of a successful hiring program than is the development of a job description.
--irrelevant
(C) Interviewers can accurately identify applicants whose personalities are unsuited to the requirements of the job.
--right
(D) The only purpose of an interview is to evaluate whether job applicants' personalities are suited to the requirements of the job.
--irrelevant
(E) The fit of job applicants' personalities to the requirements of the job was once the most important factor in making hiring decisions.
--irrelevant or slightly support?
4. background information:Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week.
premise:According to records maintained by each company, the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P.  
conclusion:employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.
两个公司的工作性质是否相同？
(A) The employees of Company P lost more time at work due to job-related accidents than did the employees of Company O.
--irrelevant
(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.
--right
(C) The employees of Company P were sick more often than were the employees of Company O.
--irrelevant
(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident.
--irrelevant
(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine.
--irrelevant, it's about employees, not machines
思路不对～～～
5.Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days.  This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female's sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
--irrelevant
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
--irrelevant
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
--irrelevant
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
--irrelevant
(E) The development of a female rat's maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
--right

qiuhua01234567

Weaken：
Background：Violent crime in this town is a becoming a serious problem.
Premise：Compared to last year, local law enforcement agencies have responded to 17 percent more calls involving violent crimes
Conclusion：the average citizen of this town is more likely than ever to become a victim of a violent crime.
(A)    The town’s overall crime rate appears to have risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------support
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65.
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach programs, more people than ever are willing
to report violent crimes to the proper authorities.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------correct
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the town has recently opened a community
center providing supervised activities for teenagers.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------irrelevent
(E) Community officials have shown that a relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the town.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------support
1At a recent conference on environmental threats to the North Sea, most participating countries favored uniform controls on the quality of effluents, whether or not specific environmental damage could be attributed to a particular source of effluent
in order to avoid excessively restrictive controls,
(A)    any uniform controls that are adopted are likely to be implemented without delay
(B) any substance to be made subject to controls can actually cause environmental damage
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------correct
(C) the countries favoring uniform controls are those generating the largest quantities of effluents
(D) all of any given pollutant that is to be controlled actually reaches the North Sea at present
(E) environmental damage already inflicted on the North Sea is reversible
2assumption
conclusion: The interview is an essential part of a successful hiring program
premise: with it, job applicants who have personalities that are unsuited to the requirements of the job will be eliminated from consideration.
(A)    A hiring program will be successful if it includes interviews.
(B) The interview is a more important part of a successful hiring program than is the development of a job description.
(C) Interviewers can accurately identify applicants whose personalities are unsuited to the requirements of the job.
(D) The only purpose of an interview is to evaluate whether job applicants' personalities are suited to the requirements of the job.
(E) The fit of job applicants' personalities to the requirements of the job was once the most important factor in making hiring decisions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------correct.
weaken
Background: Companies O and P each have the same number of employees who work the same number of hours per week
Premise:the employees of Company O had fewer job-related accidents last year than did the employees of Company P
Conclusion: employees of Company O are less likely to have job-related accidents than are employees of Company P.
(A)    The employees of Company P lost more time at work due to job-related accidents than did the employees of Company O.
(B) Company P considered more types of accidents to be job-related than did Company O.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------correct.
(C) The employees of Company P were sick more often than were the employees of Company O.
(D) Several employees of Company O each had more than one job-related accident.
(E) The majority of job-related accidents at Company O involved a single machine.
Paradox
Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days
This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female's sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
(A)    The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------correct
(E) The development of a female rat's maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.

fox0923

Bible CR-------------28s---------------------weaken

P: The crimes has been increasing this year as compared to last year.
P: There's 17% more calls involving violent crimes this year.
C: So people live in this area are more likely to become victim of these violent crimes.
Prephrase: The calls involve violent crimes spread everywhere yet not only occur in this town.


Analysis:
(A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have
risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.----------------------------------------the comparison of crime rates between this year and last year is irrelevant.
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less
likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65.--------------------------this is irrelevant, although people under 65 are less likely to become victims, it doesn't mean the number of victims in this town is less.
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach
programs, more people than ever are willing
to report violent crimes to the proper
authorities.----------------------------------------------If more people report violent crimes, certainly the violent crime rate will be increased, but this cannot explain that the victims of this town would increase. So this is correct!
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the
town has recently opened a community
center providing supervised activities for
teenagers.-----------------------------------------------the solution is irrelevant.
(E) Community officials have shown that a
relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the
town.-----------------------------------------------------a small number cannot make much effect.

winghyy

精炼题
36s-weaken
Violent crime is more serious this year than last year. Law enforcement agencies responded to more 17 percent more calls involving violent crime. Therefore,  average citizen is more likely than ever to be a victim of a violent crime.
Prephase: This year, there has been an improvement in the calling system of law enforcement agencies.
(A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.  ——support
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65. ——out of scope (in the argument ——"average citizen")
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach programs, more people than ever are willing to report violent crimes to the proper authorities.——bingo
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the town has recently opened a community
center providing supervised activities for teenagers. ——irrelevant, the measures to solve the probelm
(E) Community officials have shown that a relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the town.——irrelevant

zz42050524

27s weaken
A town has 17% more calls about violent crimes than last year.
People in the town are more likely to become a victim.
Pre: More calls about crimes do not mean more crimes. A lot of people make calls for just one crime.
A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have
risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.              有点support的意思，不过更多的是irrelevant
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less
likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65.        Totally irrelevant
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach
programs, more people than ever are willing
to report violent crimes to the proper authorities.    这个就是答案了，为什么calls多是关键
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the
town has recently opened a community         irrelevant
center providing supervised activities for teenagers.
(E) Community officials have shown that a         这个是无关，重犯不代表crimes的减少
relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the
town.

balapupu

1.[16s]
P: local agencies receive 17% more calls about the crime violent than before.
C: the average citizen in this town is more likely to become victims than before.
Weaken: there are more people prefer to make calls about the crime.
A:
(A) The town’s overall crime rate appears to have
risen slightly this year compared to the same
period last year.-?support
(B) In general, persons under the age of 65 are less
likely to be victims of violent crimes than
persons over the age of 65.-->irrelevant with the age.
(C) As a result of the town’s community outreach
programs, more people than ever are willing
to report violent crimes to the proper
authorities.-->R
(D) In response to worries about violent crime, the
town has recently opened a community
center providing supervised activities for
teenagers.--> irrelevant with the supervise.
(E) Community officials have shown that a
relatively small number of repeat offenders
commit the majority of violent crimes in the
town.--.>irrelevant with the number of the offenders.
感觉最近bible变简单了嘛。。。。