【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-11】

zz42050524

精练： weaken 60s
Lobsters will contract gill disease under contaminated water by sewage. The sewage was rerouted to sea. Lobsters probably are not affect gill disease before are eaten。
The action was pointless.
Pre: Lobsters are not affected but contained.
(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage     和推理无关
are equally harmful to lobsters.
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in    和推理无关
the open ocean than in industrial harbors.
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated   和推理无关
water as in unpolluted water.
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining  貌似和推理有关，只说表面没有检测不到
the surface of the lobster.                        Gill 影响不到结论。
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating   答案
lobsters with gill diseases.

逻辑链 2： resolve the paradox 35s
P: Car owners and travel distance has increased by 40% in the two years, yet the number of people who were killed by accident is increased by 300%.
Pre: 一些特殊的原因使得事故率死亡率大大增加
A和D 犹豫了很久，最后选A，但是这题有疑问

3. weaken 46s
Regulations of manufacture’s emission are more restrict and the manufactures have to buy new facilities. The cost will be higher.
The export market will diminish to low levels.
Pre:　Some reason to explain the regulation wouldn’t influent the market.
A : 自己这结论改写的不对。

4. resolve the paradox
Two kinds of airplane painting plan, the old one and the new one, have the same weight and thickness but the new one is more expensive.
Pre: The new plan will last long and has low maintain costs.
E  我怎么看那个都不太合适

fox0923

逻辑链 2： resolve the paradox 35s
P: Car owners and travel distance has increased by 40% in the two years, yet the number of people who were killed by accident is increased by 300%.
Pre: 一些特殊的原因使得事故率死亡率大大增加
A和D 犹豫了很久，最后选A，但是这题有疑问

-- by 会员 zz42050524 (2011/11/30 10:01:32)

(A) The average number of passengers per car was higher in the years before unification than it was in the two years after.
A是错误的，因为在unification以前每个车的passengers比之前两年的passengers要高，所以这个选项是无关选项。
(D) Drivers who had driven little or not at all before 1989 accounted for much of the increase in the total distance traveled by cars.
而D说在1989年以前不开车或很少开车的司机现在开始开车了，那就说明了unification以后的accident中the number of East German residents killed增加。

winghyy

1. 精炼题
55-weaken
Lobsters are likely to contract gill diseases when sewage contaminates the water. A proposal is to reduce the sewage. Although the plan will reduce the sewage in the water where lobsters are caught.But the plan is pointless, live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.
Prephase: the sewage are left in other parts of lobsters.
A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage are equally harmful to lobsters.
——out of scope (other contaminants)
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in
the open ocean than in industrial harbors. ——correct
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewagecontaminated
water as in unpolluted water. ——irrelevant (breed)
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining
the surface of the lobster.—— irrelevant (the detectation of diseases)
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating
lobsters with gill diseases. ——out of scope (human)
选B
结论没看清，错选B，out of scope(Conclusion: lobsters caught in the harbors)

可是E看上去很irrelevant. 疑惑？

bananazoo

background： Lobsters and other crustaceans eaten by humans are more likely to contract gill diseases when sewage contaminates their water.
P：proposal：rerouted sewage many kilometers offshore.
C：the proposal is pointless, because hardly any lobsters live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.
我的理解：人们吃了这些生活在污水中的龙虾后易染病，然后有个提议将污水排到很远的地方去（这样龙虾就不会生活在污水中）
                 然后结论说这样无意义，因为龙虾其实不会活到自己得这些病。就是说，你对不对付污水都一样，龙虾都不会得病。
                 结论说它无意义，我们反驳结论，证明它有意义。
                 可是龙虾不得病不代表人不得，可能这些病毒寄居在龙虾上，进入人体使人得病。所以这项举措还是有效的，这样可以反驳结论（pointless）
choice：E
(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage are equally harmful to lobsters.
目的为了人不得病，至少和人有关吧~亲~
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in the open ocean than in industrial harbors.
无关么。。。。
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated water as in unpolluted water.
如果在污水中与在不污染水中生育率一样，那么并不反驳结论
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining the surface of the lobster.
这个，其实有些靠近，但是如果龙虾不能活那么长，染病或是别的什么，就不一定能影响人，那么结论依然成立~
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating lobsters with gill diseases.
对的~

bananazoo

为什么我觉得bible的题目，自己在题干中就已经有了反驳结论的信息。。。。。。囧。。。。。

winghyy

逻辑链
41. 46s-explain
In the two years following the unification of German, the number of cars and the total distance travelled by car both increased by 40 percent. However, the number of residents killed in traffic increased by 300%.
Prephase: More new drivers.
D

42. 60s-weaken
Regulations are imposed on manufacturers, calling for reductions in the amountsof pollutant that are allow to discharge into the enviroment. It will cost a lot to maintain the new equipment, leading to the price of manufactured goods. And the increase of price will cause the loss of export market. Therefore, the export market of manufactured goods will be weak.
Prephase: Government will pay for the maintenance fee.
选C——错误，正确答案A
*weaken和support题，立场要坚决鲜明。C明显是support

43. 45s-support
A new way of painting on the airlines: 2 times premier coat. The new way costs more. Which support the new way for economic reasons.
选B

44. 45-weaken
The price of life-sustaining drug is high because of the granting patent. If the practise of granting patent were to be abolished, future access to new life-sustaining drugs can be improved.
Prephase: No one or company is willing to develop new drugs.
选D

balapupu

1.[26s]
P: lobsters and C will get g disease ifthey are contaminated by the sewage wateràone proposal suggest reroute the sewage water to the offshoreà this proposal can reduce the amount of sewage water contaminated thelobster-àC: this proposal is wrong, becausethe lobster can not live long enough to be harmed by the disease
Weaken: People willbe harmed if they eat the contaminated lobster.
A:
(A)  Contaminantsin the harbor other than sewage
are equally harmful to lobsters.-->support
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longerin
the open ocean than in industrial harbors.-->irrelevantcomparison.
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewage contaminated
water as in unpolluted water.-->irrelevant thebreed style.
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining
the surface of the lobster.-->irrelevant withthe detect way
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating
lobsters with gill diseases.-->R
[终于选对了，预测也预测对了~~好舒心的说~~哈哈~~糊糊~我们又一样啦~~]

balapupu

41.【20s】
P：After the unification, the cars owners and the travel distance all increased by 40% in East Germany-->however, the residents killed by the car accident increased by 300%
Explain：There are more passengers in one car.
A:
(A)    The average number of passengers per car was higher in the years before unification than it was in the two years after.-->R[额。。。我也看反了。看来猜测还是不能完全用，一看见相关项就激动了]
(B) After unification, many people who had been living in East Germany relocated to West Germany.-->relocate can not explain the high death rate.
(C) After unification, a smaller proportion of the cars being purchased by East German residents were used vehicles.-->only a smaller proportion can have significant influence on the result.
(D) Drivers who had driven little or not at all before 1989 accounted for much of the increase in the total distance traveled by cars.-->before?wrong【注意这里的理解，increase只值的是after的】
(E) Over the same two-year period in East Germany, other road users, such as motorcyclists, bicyclists, and pedestrians, experienced only small increases in traffic fatalities.-->irrelevant other road users.

2.[31s]
P: regulation called to reduce the pollutants from the factor?expensive maintenance fee? high price of the goods of those factories?the number of export will decrease.
Weaken: consumers will prefer to buy goods comply with the environmental regulations.
A:
A)    The need to comply with the new regulations will stimulate the development within Risemia of new pollution control equipment for which a strong worldwide demand is likely to emerge.-->irrelevant with the demand of the pollution control equipment.
【额。。。这道题我晕了，选项说的是刺激环保设备的增长啊，不是货物的增长啊】
(B) The proposed regulations include a schedule of fines for noncompliance that escalate steeply in cases of repeated noncompliance.-->irrelevant with the noncompliance
(C) Savings from utilizing the chemicals captured by the pollution control equipment will remain far below the cost of maintaining the equipment.--> however, the maintenance fee is still high
(D) By international standards, the levels of pollutants currently emitted by some of Risemia's manufacturing plants are not considered excessive.-->support
(E) The stockholders of most of Risemia's manufacturing corporations exert substantial pressure on the corporations to comply with environmental laws.-->R

3.[38s]
P: old way to print airline: primer + coat?new way to print airline: two coatings?the new way cost more
C: for the long-term interest? purchase the airline in the new process.
Support: the new process is more long lasting.
A:
(A)    Although most new airliners are still painted using the old process, aircraft manufacturers now offer a purchaser of any new airliner the option of having it painted using the new process instead.-->irrelevant with the option.
(B) A layer of primer on an airliner weighs more than a layer of the new coating would by an amount large enough to make a difference to that airliner's load-bearing capacity.-->R?more load bearing?more economic.
(C) A single layer of the new coating provides the aluminum skin of the airliner with less protection against corrosion than does a layer of primer of the usual thickness.-->Weaken
(D) Unlike the old process, the new process was originally invented for use on spacecraft, which are subject to extremes of temperature to which airliners are never exposed.—>never—>irrelevant.
(E) Because the new coating has a viscosity similar to that of a traditional top coat, aircraft manufacturers can apply it using the same equipment as is used for a traditional top coat.--<same?no support

4.[24s]
P: In the country where the XX drug is not patented, the drug is affordable to everyone?in the country patented, the price is high
C: in order to improve the access to the XX drug?government should abolish the patent.
Weaken: if the patent is abolished, the producer will have no incentive to produce new drug,
A:
(A) In countries in which life-sustaining drugs cannot be patented, their manufacture is nevertheless a profitable enterprise.-->support
(B) Countries that do not currently grant patents on life-sustaining drugs are, for the most part, countries with large populations.-->irrelevant with the population.
(C) In some countries specific processes for the manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs can be patented even in cases in which the drugs themselves cannot be patented.-->irrelevant with the specific process.
(D) Pharmaceutical companies can afford the research that goes into the development of new drugs only if patents allow them to earn high profits.-->R
(E) Countries that grant patents on life-sustaining drugs almost always ban their importation from countries that do not grant such patents.-->irrelevant with the ban.

风无衣

明天又要停电~哎~默默赶明天作业~桑不起~
【精炼1-11】
weaken_1min18s
background information are more likely to  contract gill disease when sewage pollutes their water
premise:a proposal changes the route sewage goes each day and reduces the amount of sewage in the harbour where L live. No L could live long enough to be harmed by these disease.
conclusion:the proposal is pointless.

(A) Contaminants in the harbor other than sewage
are equally harmful to lobsters.——irrelevant
(B) Lobsters, like other crustaceans, live longer in
the open ocean than in industrial harbors.——irrelevant
(C) Lobsters breed as readily in sewagecontaminated
water as in unpolluted water.
(D) Gill diseases cannot be detected by examining
the surface of the lobster.——irrelevant
(E) Humans often become ill as a result of eating
lobsters with gill diseases.——correct

Answer choice (C): The issue is not breeding frequency but longevity. So, while we are pleased to hear
that lobsters in sewage-contaminated waters breed frequently, this fact does not impact an argument based
on the age and disease contraction.

Answer choice (E): This is the correct answer. As discussed above, the author fails to address the effect of
the contaminated lobsters on humans who consume them, and this answer attacks that hole. If humans
become ill as a result of eating lobsters with gill diseases, and gill diseases are more likely to arise when the
lobsters live in the sewage-contaminated waters, then the conclusion that the proposal is pointless is
incorrect.

果然不能一次性做几天的~各种不清醒~

pengyayun

我已经在上面占楼了。。。。