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第一次参与小分队，帖子有点长
1.
1) 计时：30s
2) Premise:
Carl solved a smaller percentage of the cases assigned to him than any other detective.
Conclusion:
Carl is an incompetent detective.
3) 推测
Solve smaller percentage of the cases ≠ incompetent. The underlying assumption behind this reasoning is that the cases assigned to Carl is the same difficult to the cases assigned to others.
4) 选项分析：
(A) Because the police chief regards Carl as the
most capable detective, she assigns him only
the most difficult cases, ones that others have
failed to solve.
Correct. Key word --- difficult
(B) Before he became a detective, Carl was a
neighborhood police officer and was highly
respected by the residents of the
neighborhood he patrolled.
irrelevant
(C) Detectives on the police force on which Carl
serves are provided with extensive resources,
including the use of a large computer
database, to help them solve crimes.
irrelevant
(D) Carl was previously a detective in a police
department in another city, and in the 4 years
he spent there, he solved only 1 out of 30
crimes.
Support, not weaken
(E) Many of the officers in the police department in
which Carl serves were hired or promoted
within the last 5 years.
Irrelevant, many of the officers 不一定包含Carl, 说明不了他不是incompetent.而且 hired or promoted 也不代表competent
2. 这题不是很懂,看了很久，单词不熟是一方面原因
1) 计时：1min53s
2) Background:
Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite(new discovery).
Premise:
laboratory synthesis of fullerenes is difficult
Conclusion:
this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed
3) 推测
题目潜在的假设是 获取the rare mineral shungite要比laboratory synthesis更容易,
所以答案应该是说明获取the rare mineral shungite或从the rare mineral shungite中提取fullerence也很难
4) 选项分析：
(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.
Shungite里含有fullerenes已经是已确认事实了，irrelevant。
(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.
Irrelevant，a small meteorite不在考虑范围内
(C) The mineral shungite itself contains large amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.
Support, not weaken
(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.
无关
(E) Shungite itself is formed only under distinctive conditions.
说明获取Shungite很难，weaken了assumption
3.
1)计时：20s
2)Background:
On average, the emergency treatment for an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall costs $11,000. A new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person's chances of falling.
Premise:
This new therapeutic program will cost $12,500
Conclusion:
This program cannot be justified
3) 推测
The new program 虽然期初成本高，但是可以减少很多后期费用，总的来说还是justified，weaken了结论。正确选项应该与成本有关
4) 选项分析：
(A) Among elderly people who had followed the program for only a few months, the number of serious falls reported was higher than it was for people who had followed the program for its recommended minimum length of one year.
Irrelevant，如果这个选项要为正确选项，题目应该是the new program 比the emergency treatment 更没效果，强调的为效果与进行时间的关系。
(B) Falls resulting in serious injuries are less common among elderly people living in nursing homes than they are among elderly people who live alone at home.
无关比较，living location。
(C) A frequent result of injuries sustained in falls is long-term pain, medication for which is not counted among the average per-person costs of emergency treatment for elderly people's injuries from such falls.
Correct，此选项说emergency treatment还有很多medication cost 没算进来
(D) The new therapeutic program focuses on therapies other than medication, since overmedication can cause disorientation and hence increase the likelihood that an elderly person will have a serious fall.
Irrelevant to cost，只是解释了题目中为什么“ A new therapeutic program can significantly reduce an elderly person's chances of falling.”
(E) A significant portion of the cost of the new therapeutic program is represented by regular visits by health care professionals, the costs of which tend to increase more rapidly than do those of other elements of the program.
无关比较， the costs of regular visits VS the costs of other elements
4.
1) 计时：47s
2)
Premise:
Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter; from spring through early autumn, however, most voles live in far smaller groups.
Explanation:
a seasonal variation in mortality among young voles.
3) 推测
答案应该为young voles在春夏天数量少，在秋冬天数量多，且它们的变化足以影响整个group数量的变化(MS思路和选项们不太一样。。。)
4) 选项分析：
(A) It is in the spring and early summer that prairie vole communities generally contain the highest proportion of young voles.
Weaken，not support
(B) Prairie vole populations vary dramatically in size from year to year.
Irrelevant
(C) The prairie vole subsists primarily on broad-leaved plants that are abundant only in spring.
weaken
(D) Winters in the prairie voles' habitat are often harsh, with temperatures that drop well below freezing.
Weaken，D选型的结论应该是冬天voles数量少
(E) Snakes, a major predator of young prairie voles, are active only from spring through early autumn.
Correct
5.
1) 计时：37s
2)
Premise:
many dolphins get as much as half of their food each day on the beach, and dolphins that first benefit from the program as adults are healthy and long-lived。
Conclusion:
Their offspring have a lower life expectancy than offspring of dolphins that feed exclusively in the wild.
3) 推测
解释应该与food给予的量（一半）无关，因为adult dolphins 生长的很好。
4) 选项分析：
(A) Sharks that prey on dolphins are less common in the open seas off the beach than in many other areas of the open seas where dolphins congregate.
无关比较， The beach VS other areas of the open seas
(B) Many of the adult dolphins that feed at the beach are females that nurse their offspring there.
无关
(C) The fish given to the dolphins at the beach are the same types of fish that dolphins typically catch in the wild.
更加不能解释了，消除了一个变量
(D) Many dolphins that feed at the beach with their offspring come to the beach only a few times a month.
无法解释adult dolphins 为什么生长的好
(E) Adult dolphins that feed at the beach spend much less time teaching their offspring how to catch fish in the wild than do other adult dolphins.
Correct
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发表于 2013-5-30 22:26:23
