【每日逻辑练习第二季】【1-1】

goldenlimit

1.    
premise: Carl is an incompetent detective. He sloved a smaller % of cases assigned to him in the last 3 years 1 out of 25
conclusion:  Carl is an incompetent detective? most seriously weakens the argument which means which sentence is most strong believe Carl is an competitive detective.
A. Correct because the police give Carl the toughest cases and others even can't figure out.

2.
background:  Fullerenes were 1st found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature.
premise: Since lab synthesis of fullerenes require distinctive conditions of temperature & pressure, geologists hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed
conclusion: which undermines the arguement?
D. Correct. it undermines the argument by attacking the premise by suggesting that naturally occurring fullerene and synthetic fullerene differ in their structure. Since the objects of comparision are not similar, the comparison between the conditions these were formed does not stand.

3.
premise: On average, emergency treatment for elderly people is $11000, a new therapeutic program reduce the chances of falling but cost $12500.
conclusion: The new program is not good. what is most seriously undermines the conclusion of the argument?
C. Correct because this compare about the time period, the expensive program may covered more treatment than the emergency treatment.

4.
premise: Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter; from spring through early autumn, however, most voles live in far smaller groups.
Conclusion: the seasonal variation in group size can probably be explained by a seasonal variation in mortality among young voles.
D. Correct because it trengthens the correlation by not only providing a reason for the differential in sizes of vole families, but also showing specifically that it's the young voles that are killed (as required by the conclusion).

5.
premise: A popular beach has long had a dolphin feeding program in which fish are given to dolphins several times a day.
conclusion: Dolphins that first benefit from the program as adults are healthy and long-lived, their offspring have a lower life expectancy than offspring that feed exclusively in the wild.
E. Correct because of lack of time for teaching off-springs don't know how to catch fish themselves.

第一次回帖 大家加油 我在补作业

ningviv82

thanks

pennyz

20s
type :weaken
conclusion:C is a incompetent detective
premise:C solve smaller percentage than others
rephrase:maybe C got more cases than other detectives did
        maybe he always take over the hard cases
58s
type:weaken
premise:f found in lab also in nature
conclusion:geologist  evaluate hypotheses the state of earth's crust
rephrase:f may not formed in crust,they may came from outerspace

2:12(汗！选项半天看不懂）
C
background:elderly fall costs a lot($11000)
          a program will reduce the chance of falling
premise:the program cost more($12500)
conclusion:the program can not be justified
rephrasether invisible cost of fall is not inclusive
A其实我觉得我最怕的是读题干，好长啊！一看就不知道讲什么了，急得要死，越急越看不懂
following the program is efficient to reduce the chance of the elder's falling
进一步说明program 的作用（在说背景，没用？）
Bliving in the nursing home can reduce the chance of the elderly's falling
这里说的是program没有提及在哪里好
无关
Cthe medication for the falling is not inclusive
weaken the premise:the cost is undervalued
Dthe program 的特点
irrelevant
Ethe composition of the cost of the program and the trend that the cost is rising
加强
因为program再增加就更超过了老年人falling 的成本了

3m
A
background:vole  bread year round and give birth to babies
premise:large group in autumn to winter
       small group spring to summer
conclusion:bread activity influence the group size
type:strengthen
rephrase:baby is more from autum to summer
Bnot mention the reason why size changes,and the size change is a fact mentioned in the paragragh
Cvole live on leaves in spring
irrelevant
Dweaken
the volves gather to get warm
Eweaken
the volves gather to defend the prayers
25s
type:?
premise:the beach give dolphin food
conclusion:the dolphin is healthy while their offsprings are weak
rephrase:the dolphin lack of exercise,and the offsprings are not so active

pennyz

汗！反白之后还有选项
可是赶脚看选项比看题目困难多了，半天看不明白，求破

pennyz

第2题没明白，明天再来改错
第四题错了是因为不知道mortality是死亡率的意思！词汇啊

一粒黄豆。

23'
premise:1/25 is resolved by Carl
conclusion:C is an incompetent detective
prephrase: because C is competent and famous , he always handles difficult cases , resulting in low percent of success. the weak point is that can 1/25 represent C's competent?

A correct
B irrelevant
C strengthen
D strengthen
E irrelevant

43'
premise:stance was created in the laboratory and was dicovered in nature.stance created in laboratory was created under certain conditions.
conclusion: we can use these conditions to predict the nature condition,under which stance was created.
prephrase:someone in the laboratory bring stance out and lost it= =
conditions can be different, or have uncertainty

A :to question whether stance was created from...

37'
premise:program cost more than treatment
conclusion:program is not justified
prephrase: after treatment, people will have other costs, excessing the program cost in all.
Some other costs relevant to fall are included. so the figure is unconvincing.
A strengthen
B irrelevant
C correct
D strengthen
E strengthen

第一遍读题40‘没懂。。。
第二遍 43' 题干理解错误
第三遍 10’
premise:V lived in large group during late autum to winter, but most V live in far smaller groups from spring to early autum
conlusion: season is related to mortality and thus matters
prephrase:something terrible happened to V in winter! the condition is harsh

A weaken
B irrelevant
C weaken
D not specific  harsh doesn't mean increasing mortality even it is  implying that...
E correct  better than D

42'
premise: if dolphins are feeded by human ,thier offsprings' life-expectancy will be shorter than those of dolphins that  feed exclusively in the wild.
prephrase: dolphins less competitive will die before having offspring ,so the wild dolphins' gene is better selected. But this didn't happen on the dolphins feeded in the program.

E

第一次做作业，跟了几天越毒小分队 觉得很有成效，决定也开始逻辑小分队 ，还有17天考试 希望为时不晚

一粒黄豆。

第二题错了
43'
premise:stance was created in the laboratory and was dicovered in nature.stance created in laboratory was created under certain conditions.
conclusion: we can use these conditions to predict the nature condition,under which stance was created.
prephrase:someone in the laboratory bring stance out and lost it= =
conditions can be different, or have uncertainty

应该是AB对比型，通过同一类stance来确定nature condition，削弱的方式是拉开AB的差距！

哎 套路啊套路 我脑子里想的什么奇怪的prephrase

okplokpl0714

精练：
逻辑链：
Pre:Carl has solved a smaller percentage of the cases assigned to him in the last 3 years--only 1 out of 25--than any other detective on the police force.
Con:Carl is clearly an incompetent detective.
Weaken：
1)Other reasons:Carl has some other event to deal with
2)Weaken Conclusion:1 out of 25 is not enough to judge ;Carl’s cases are different from other detectives’ cases.
Analysis:
A)Because the police chief regards Carl as themost capable detective, she assigns him onlythe most difficult cases, ones that others havefailed to solve.说明Carl的cases难度比其他detectives大，无可比性，weaken
(B) Before he became a detective, Carl was aneighborhood police officer and was highlyrespected by the residents of theneighborhood he patrolled. 说在成为detective之前的事，无关
(C) Detectives on the police force on which Carlserves are provided with extensive resources,including the use of a large computerdatabase, to help them solve crimes. 提供了police给detective的设备支持，无关
(D) Carl was previously a detective in a policedepartment in another city, and in the 4 yearshe spent there, he solved only 1 out of 30crimes. 又是之前的事情，无关
(E) Many of the officers in the police department inwhich Carl serves were hired or promotedwithin the last 5 years. 说了一些其他officers的信息，无关
综上所述，选A

逻辑链：
2.Weaken
BG：fullerenes first found in lab,but have since been found in nature
P:lab fullerenes requires temperature and pressure
C:the discovery should help geologists evaluate hypotheses about the state of the Earth’s crust.
猜测：
1) other reasonsther element of fullerenes could be the standard of age
2) Weaken P and C:lab fullerenes are different from nature ones.
Answer

3.Weaken
BGn average,the emergency treatment for an elderly person for injuries resulting from a fall costs $11,000
P:A new therapeutic program can reduce an elderly person’s chances of falling.
C:this treatment program will cast $12,500 and thus cannot be justified.
猜测：
Other reasons:new therapeutic needs other payment
The treatment works
Answer：E

4.Strengthen
BG：The prairie vole,breeds year-round,living together extended family,often including two or more litters.
P :Voles commonly live in large groups from late autumn through winter.However,from spring through early autumn most voles live in far smaller groups.
C:The variation size can be explained by seasonal variation
猜测：
Rule out other reason:food is not the reason
strengthen the P-C
Answer:C

5.Strengthen
BG:a beach has a dolphin feeding program
P:many dolphins get as much as half of their food each day there.
C:Although dolphins benefit from the program are healthy and long-lived,their offspring have a lower life expectancy than the wild
猜测：
food in the program is not as good as wild one
Answer:E

okplokpl0714

我去。。怎么会有表情嘞。。。。第三题第四题都错了。。
第三题是不是我理解错了。。逻辑链应该是Cost more---->not justified.
第四题读题太不认真了。。真心没看到死亡率。。。

jjks5632

Premise : solved a smaller percentage of the cases "assigned to him" in the last "3 years"
Conclusion : an incompetent detective
Question : Weaken
A - right : "assigned to him" was difficult and others failed to solve.
B - irrelevant
C - strengthen : low efficiency with high-tech equip
D - strengthen : has a history of being incompetent
E - irrelevant

第一次参与，请问是这种格式么？