GWD3 35

而今迈步从头越

35--37,DEB

fchn951

不同意楼上。35－37， D B B

fchn951

第38题呢？

GWD-3-Q38:

According to the passage, much of the research on Alessandra Strozzi done by the historian mentioned in the second paragraph (lines 19-42) supports which of the following conclusions?

1. Alessandra used her position as her sons’ sole guardian to further interests different from those of her sons.
   
   



2. Alessandra unwillingly sacrificed her own interests in favor of those of her sons.
   
   



3. Alessandra’s actions indicate that her motivations and intentions were those of an independent individual.
   
   



4. Alessandra’s social context encouraged her to take independent action.


5. Alessandra regarded her sons’ goals and interests as her own.

我在B和E之间犹豫。B中的unwillingly从原文中看不出。E的regard as和原文的take as意思应该是不一样的。D好像也对， 但independent action从何而来？

再想想，又觉得答案应该在C，D中产生。混乱啊。。。

[此贴子已经被作者于2005-6-16 12:55:25编辑过]

yukon

我的GWD-3-V 38题不是阅读啊

Q38:

Kate:  The recent decline in numbers of the Tennessee warbler, a North American songbird that migrates each fall to coffee plantations in South America, is due to the elimination of the dense tree cover that formerly was a feature of most South American coffee plantations.

Scott:  The population of the spruce budworm, the warbler’s favorite prey in North America, has been dropping.  This is a more likely explanation of the warbler’s decline.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls Scott’s hypothesis into question?

1. The numbers of the Baltimore oriole, a songbird that dose not eat budworms but is as dependent on South American coffee plantations as is the Tennessee warbler, are declining.


2. The spruce-budworm population has dropped because of a disease that can infect budworms but not Tennessee warblers.


3. The drop in the population of the spruce budworm is expected to be only temporary.


4. Many Tennessee warbler have begun migrating in the fall to places other than traditional coffee plantations.


5. Although many North American songbirds have declined in numbers, no other species has experienced as great a decline as has the Tennessee warbler.

   

yukon

fchn951说的那道题我觉得选E

能讨论一下36题吗？我也许没里解清楚，E的中文意思是什么？是说那个历史学家的研究与Alessandra的表现不符吗？

Q36:

It can be inferred that the author of the passage believes which of the following about the study of Alessandra Strozzi done by the historian mentioned in the second paragraph (lines 19-42)?

              

1. Alessandra was atypical of her time and was therefore an inappropriate choice for the subject of the historian’s research.


2. In order to bolster her thesis, the historian adopted the anthropological perspective on personhood.


3. The historian argues that the boundaries of the conceptual self were not always firm and closed in Renaissance Europe.


4. In her study, the historian reverts to a traditional approach that is out of step with the work of other historians of Renaissance Europe.


5. The interpretation of Alessandra’s actions that the historian puts forward is not supported by much of the historian’s research.

swlfx

36-E

历史雪茄所提出的对A的行为的解释与这个历史雪茄自己的研究不符。

swlfx

以下是引用李大衛在2004-12-21 20:29:00的发言：

大衛快樂閱讀

非常感谢透彻的分析。

JessicaCDer

本来真没明白主旨的,就是不清楚两种学家到底同不同!看得懂英文,没明白逻辑关系...

谢谢DAVID LEE!

夏麦

DAVID LEE　好棒

zhoushao

以下是引用李大衛在2004-12-21 20:29:00的发言：
Historians (who後面修飾Historians先跳過,等抓完文具結構再回頭看是什麼歷史學家)who study European
women of the Renaissance try(抓到主要動辭嘗試) to mea-
sure(原來是嘗試衡量) “independence,” “options,” and
other indicators of the degree (衡量3種東西的程度)to which(受格關代-是哪3種呢?-獨立,意見及個人疏發)
the expression of women’s individuality
was either permitted or suppressed.(看完6行原來只有一句話:研究文藝復興的歐洲女人的歷史學家嘗試衡量上述三種程度)
Influenced by Western individualism(Dangling脫節句型:分辭開頭,主辭在鬥號後,是為了避免主辭重複的簡潔句法),
these historians(主辭:歷史學家) define(主要動辭:定義) a peculiar form
of personhood(定義了一種個人型式)(建議take note應該是主要考點) an innately bounded
unit, autonomous(要背:自治) and standing apart
from both nature and society(相當抽象,有概念就好-就是一個自主而獨立於自然跟社會外的個體). An
anthropologist(禿然提到另一種人-預測必考對比差異), however(果然要代出差異點-要看清楚), would contend(=state=assert)
that a person can be conceived in ways(被以xx方式認知)
other than as an “individual.”(以非個人化認知-直接預測下文必只人被社會環境所影響) (下文若與預測相同直接跳過)In many
societies a person’s identity is not
intrinsically unique and self-contained
but instead(直接跳到這看被蛇麼觀念取代) is defined within a complex
web of social relationships(果然是社會關係,小弟直接跳到下一段)

看起來相當恐怖的18行文章若了解ETS計倆其實也就只有3句話,練多了自然有心理建設.
看完一段要知段落功能,功能就那幾種:不是講概念就是舉例-講出歷史學家對個人的定義及另一派人類學家的看?k,並未舉例.因此可預測下段必為舉例部分.

In her study(修辭:代名詞her無先行辭,判斷可能是脫節句型,看主詞有沒有在鬥號後面,沒有就要往前找) of the fifteenth-century
Florentine widow Alessandra Strozzi(原來是對F的寡婦的研究-開始舉例), a
historian(就是本段開頭的her,who先跳過,抓到全句架構再回頭看她是誰) who specializes in European
women of the Renaissance attributes(抓到主要動辭attribute A to B把A歸於B)
individual intention and authorship of
actions to her subject
(天哪~一下6行?!其實粉簡單就一句話:一個歷史學家在一個研究中研究了一個主題
這位專長於”文藝復興歐洲女人”的歷史學家在她對”15世紀F地的寡婦AS”的研究中將”個人動機與行為主導?吽阬k為她的研究主題). (開出了一個案例總不能沒下文? 預測下面必是詳細狀況,快速瞄過抓出主旨)This historian(主辭,當然~不然還有誰)
assumes(主要動辭:假設) that(帶出假設內容-要看清楚,一定跟另一派不同-關鍵考點) Alessandra had goals
and interests(A的目標跟興趣) different from(與誰不同) those of her
sons(原來是跟小孩的不同), yet(轉折,可預測必與假設相反,心中有預測後快速掃過是否與預測相同.若相同就跳過) much of the historian’s own
research(多半她的研究) reveals(主要動辭:揭露) that(帶出揭露點-前已預測跟假設不同,看清楚如何不同?) Alessandra
acted(A實際行動如何?) primarily as a champion of her
sons’ interests, taking their goals as
her own(原來是把小孩們的興趣跟目標當作自己的—跟原本歷史學家認為只是獨立的個人相左-反而與另依派人類學?a的說法吻合: 全文關鍵主旨). Thus(因此) Alessandra conforms
more closely(向xx接近) to the anthropologist’s
notion(果然沒錯: 接近人類學家說法人是社會環境的集合) that(已知主旨,後可快速掃過或跳過) personal motivation is
embedded in a social context. Indeed(忽然冒出一句不知是誰講的:就是作者意見,可考態度題:作者贊同蛇麼-贊同人類學家說人是社會集合),
one could argue that(有人會說xxx:作者自己預設反駁意見-表示作者贊同另一看法) Alessandra did
not distinguish her personhood from
that of her sons(有人會說A不把自己與小孩分開來看-事實上作者不以為然). In Renaissance
Europe(形容詞片語補述後面主辭) the boundaries(主辭:xx的範圍) of the con-
ceptual self(概念自我的範圍) were not always(主要動辭:並不總是) firm
and closed(概念自我的範圍並不總是固定而封閉) and(對等連接詞帶出平行定義) did not necessarily(也並不必然)
coincide(與xx巧合,交疊) with the boundaries of
the bodily self.(一下又來6行…好像很恐怖-其實還是粉簡單)
(概念自我的範圍並不總是固定而封閉,也並不必然與身體的自我交疊)

看完第二段自然知道段落功能-(一樣不是解說概念就是舉例)本段舉例支持歷史學家概念向人類學家概念靠攏(且 作者認同)

全文主旨(就是貫串全文的主軸為何)-實例證實歷史學家對個人的定義像人類學家說法(人是社會的巨集)靠攏

大衛快樂閱讀

不顶不行啊

我把这个翻成简体拉，为了方便后来的弟妹们看

以下是引用李戴维在2004-12-21 20:29:00的发言：
Historians (who后面修饰Historians先跳过,等抓完文具结构再回头看是什么历史学家)who study European
women of the Renaissance try(抓到主要动辞尝试) to mea-
sure(原来是尝试衡量) “independence,” “options,” and
other indicators of the degree (衡量3种东西的程度)to which(受格关代-是哪3种呢?-独立,意见及个人疏发)
the expression of women’s individuality
was either permitted or suppressed.(看完6行原来只有一句话:研究文艺复兴的欧洲女人的历史学家尝试衡量上述三种程度)
Influenced by Western individualism(Dangling脱节句型:分辞开头,主辞在斗号后,是为了避免主辞重复的简洁句法),
these historians(主辞:历史学家) define(主要动辞:定义) a peculiar form
of personhood(定义了一种个人型式)(建议take note应该是主要考点) an innately bounded
unit, autonomous(要背:自治) and standing apart
from both nature and society(相当抽象,有概念就好-就是一个自主而独立于自然跟社会外的个体). An
anthropologist[I1] (秃然提到另一种人-预测必考对比差异), however(果然要代出差异点-要看清楚), would contend(=state=assert)
that a person can be conceived in ways(被以xx方式认知)
other than as an “individual.”(以非个人化认知-直接预测下文必只人被社会环境所影响) (下文若与预测相同直接跳过)In many
societies a person’s identity is not
intrinsically unique and self-contained
but instead(直接跳到这看被蛇么观念取代) is defined within a complex
web of social relationships(果然是社会关系,小弟直接跳到下一段)

看起来相当恐怖的18行文章若了解ETS计俩其实也就只有3句话,练多了自然有心理建设.
看完一段要知段落功能,功能就那几种:不是讲概念就是举例-讲出历史学家对个人的定义及另一派人类学家的看?k,并未举例.因此可预测下段必为举例部分.

In her study(修辞:代名词her无先行辞,判断可能是脱节句型,看主词有没有在斗号后面,没有就要往前找) of the fifteenth-century
Florentine widow Alessandra Strozzi(原来是对F的寡妇的研究-开始举例), a
historian(就是本段开头的her,who先跳过,抓到全句架构再回头看她是谁) who specializes in European
women of the Renaissance attributes(抓到主要动辞attribute A to B把A归于B)
individual intention and authorship of
actions to her subject
(天哪~一下6行?!其实粉简单就一句话:一个历史学家在一个研究中研究了一个主题
这位专长于”文艺复兴欧洲女人”的历史学家在她对”15世纪F地的寡妇AS”的研究中将”个人动机与行为主导?吽坑k为她的研究主题). (开出了一个案例总不能没下文? 预测下面必是详细状况,快速瞄过抓出主旨)This historian(主辞,当然~不然还有谁)
assumes(主要动辞:假设) that(带出假设内容-要看清楚,一定跟另一派不同-关键考点) Alessandra had goals
and interests(A的目标跟兴趣) different from(与谁不同) those of her
sons(原来是跟小孩的不同), yet(转折,可预测必与假设相反,心中有预测后快速扫过是否与预测相同.若相同就跳过) much of the historian’s own
research(多半她的研究) reveals(主要动辞:揭露) that(带出揭露点-前已预测跟假设不同,看清楚如何不同?) Alessandra
acted(A实际行动如何?) primarily as a champion of her
sons’ interests, taking their goals as
her own(原来是把小孩们的兴趣跟目标当作自己的—跟原本历史学家认为只是独立的个人相左-反而与另依派人类学?a的说法吻合: 全文关键主旨). Thus(因此) Alessandra conforms
more closely(向xx接近) to the anthropologist’s
notion(果然没错: 接近人类学家说法人是社会环境的集合) that(已知主旨,后可快速扫过或跳过) personal motivation is
embedded in a social context. Indeed(忽然冒出一句不知是谁讲的:就是作者意见,可考态度题:作者赞同蛇么-赞同人类学家说人是社会集合),
one could argue that(有人会说xxx:作者自己预设反驳意见-表示作者赞同另一看法) Alessandra did
not distinguish her personhood from
that of her sons(有人会说A不把自己与小孩分开来看-事实上作者不以为然). In Renaissance
Europe(形容词词组补述后面主辞) the boundaries(主辞:xx的范围) of the con-
ceptual self(概念自我的范围) were not always(主要动辞:并不总是) firm
and closed(概念自我的范围并不总是固定而封闭) and(对等连接词带出平行定义) did not necessarily(也并不必然)
coincide(与xx巧合,交迭) with the boundaries of
the bodily self.(一下又来6行…好像很恐怖-其实还是粉简单)
(概念自我的范围并不总是固定而封闭,也并不必然与身体的自我交迭)

看完第二段自然知道段落功能-(一样不是解说概念就是举例)本段举例支持历史学家概念向人类学家概念靠拢(且 作者认同)

全文主旨(就是贯串全文的主轴为何)-实例证实历史学家对个人的定义像人类学家说法(人是社会的宏)靠拢

戴维快乐阅读

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[I1]人类学者