In many societies a person’s identity is not intrinsically unique and self-contained but instead is defined within a complex web of social relationships.
Historians (who後面修飾Historians先跳過,等抓完文具結構再回頭看是什麼歷史學家)who study European women of the Renaissance try(抓到主要動辭嘗試) to mea- sure(原來是嘗試衡量) “independence,” “options,” and other indicators of the degree (衡量3種東西的程度)to which(受格關代-是哪3種呢?-獨立,意見及個人疏發) the expression of women’s individuality was either permitted or suppressed.(看完6行原來只有一句話:研究文藝復興的歐洲女人的歷史學家嘗試衡量上述三種程度) Influenced by Western individualism(Dangling脫節句型:分辭開頭,主辭在鬥號後,是為了避免主辭重複的簡潔句法), these historians(主辭:歷史學家) define(主要動辭:定義) a peculiar form of personhood(定義了一種個人型式)(建議take note應該是主要考點) an innately bounded unit, autonomous(要背:自治) and standing apart from both nature and society(相當抽象,有概念就好-就是一個自主而獨立於自然跟社會外的個體). An anthropologist(禿然提到另一種人-預測必考對比差異), however(果然要代出差異點-要看清楚), would contend(=state=assert) that a person can be conceived in ways(被以xx方式認知) other than as an “individual.”(以非個人化認知-直接預測下文必只人被社會環境所影響) (下文若與預測相同直接跳過)In many societies a person’s identity is not intrinsically unique and self-contained but instead(直接跳到這看被蛇麼觀念取代) is defined within a complex web of social relationships(果然是社會關係,小弟直接跳到下一段)
In her study(修辭:代名詞her無先行辭,判斷可能是脫節句型,看主詞有沒有在鬥號後面,沒有就要往前找) of the fifteenth-century Florentine widow Alessandra Strozzi(原來是對F的寡婦的研究-開始舉例), a historian(就是本段開頭的her,who先跳過,抓到全句架構再回頭看她是誰) who specializes in European women of the Renaissance attributes(抓到主要動辭attribute A to B把A歸於B) individual intention and authorship of actions to her subject (天哪~一下6行?!其實粉簡單就一句話:一個歷史學家在一個研究中研究了一個主題 這位專長於”文藝復興歐洲女人”的歷史學家在她對”15世紀F地的寡婦AS”的研究中將”個人動機與行為主導?吽阬k為她的研究主題). (開出了一個案例總不能沒下文? 預測下面必是詳細狀況,快速瞄過抓出主旨)This historian(主辭,當然~不然還有誰) assumes(主要動辭:假設) that(帶出假設內容-要看清楚,一定跟另一派不同-關鍵考點) Alessandra had goals and interests(A的目標跟興趣) different from(與誰不同) those of her sons(原來是跟小孩的不同), yet(轉折,可預測必與假設相反,心中有預測後快速掃過是否與預測相同.若相同就跳過) much of the historian’s own research(多半她的研究) reveals(主要動辭:揭露) that(帶出揭露點-前已預測跟假設不同,看清楚如何不同?) Alessandra acted(A實際行動如何?) primarily as a champion of her sons’ interests, taking their goals as her own(原來是把小孩們的興趣跟目標當作自己的—跟原本歷史學家認為只是獨立的個人相左-反而與另依派人類學?a的說法吻合: 全文關鍵主旨). Thus(因此) Alessandra conforms more closely(向xx接近) to the anthropologist’s notion(果然沒錯: 接近人類學家說法人是社會環境的集合) that(已知主旨,後可快速掃過或跳過) personal motivation is embedded in a social context. Indeed(忽然冒出一句不知是誰講的:就是作者意見,可考態度題:作者贊同蛇麼-贊同人類學家說人是社會集合), one could argue that(有人會說xxx:作者自己預設反駁意見-表示作者贊同另一看法) Alessandra did not distinguish her personhood from that of her sons(有人會說A不把自己與小孩分開來看-事實上作者不以為然). In Renaissance Europe(形容詞片語補述後面主辭) the boundaries(主辭:xx的範圍) of the con- ceptual self(概念自我的範圍) were not always(主要動辭:並不總是) firm and closed(概念自我的範圍並不總是固定而封閉) and(對等連接詞帶出平行定義) did not necessarily(也並不必然) coincide(與xx巧合,交疊) with the boundaries of the bodily self.(一下又來6行…好像很恐怖-其實還是粉簡單) (概念自我的範圍並不總是固定而封閉,也並不必然與身體的自我交疊)
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发表于 2004-11-26 21:42:00
lease help!
分析真透徹啊！感謝！
