反馈及勘误专贴：ChaseDream GMAT Prep2007 阅读笔记

glhelr

今天做到了essay 13 的那个木有选项的推断题（不知道有木有人发过）。
Question 45：
It can be inferred from the passage that application of "other mandates" (see highlighted text) would be unlikely to result in an outcome satisfactory to the female employees in which of the following situations?
I. Males employed as long-distance truck drivers for a furniture company make $3.50 more per hour than do females with comparable job experience employed in the same capacity.
II. Women working in the office of a cement company contend that their jobs are as demanding and valuable as those of the men working outside in the cement factory, but the women are paid much less per hour.
III. A law firm employs both male and female paralegals with the same educational and career backgrounds, but the starting salary for male paralegals is $5,000 more than for female paralegals.
(A)    I only
(B)    II only
(C)    III only
(D)    I and II only
(E)    I and III only

-- by 会员 misidiya (2012/2/25 14:47:53)

恩，好~我再版的时候放进去~谢谢~

Avena

a>

yaqiSabrina

linshenzi

为啥叫prep2007，有木有2008的~

teddybearj4

glher斑斑~先谢谢你的阅读笔记，帮助很大~
有一点小问题在Essay 6 Q17的错误选项C的解释里面。
问题问的是According to the passage,which of the following was true of most villages in seventeenth-century England?
C选项的错误是因为Low population density对应第二行的New England was sparsely populated and labor-hungry.,所以应该是new england的特征啦~

JaniceChia

提一个地方
Practice Test #2 Essay 15
这篇文章所讲的“auto industry" 就是指汽车工业，而不是”自动工业“ (文中第二段出现的人名”Taichi Ohno“ 是丰田当时的生产主管，他推广了丰田独创的、革命性的生产模式JIT）
因此，该文章Question 51 选项B的解释也要相应改动

clover033

今天看到practice#1-essay 18，跟glhelr的观点有些出入，遂拿出来讨论下，也不知道是不是有人发过。

A recent study has provided clues to predator-prey dynamics in the late Pleistocene era.  Researchers compared the number of tooth fractures in present-day carnivores with tooth fractures in carnivores that lived 36,000 to 10,000 years ago and that were preserved in the Rancho La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles.  The breakage frequencies in the extinct species were strikingly higher than those in the present-day species.
In considering possible explanations for this finding, the researchers dismissed demographic bias because older individuals were not overrepresented in the fossil samples.  They rejected preservational bias because a total absence of breakage in two extinct species demonstrated that the fractures were not the result of abrasion within the pits.  They ruled out local bias because breakage data obtained from other Pleistocene sites were similar to the La Brea data.  The explanation they consider most plausible is behavioral differences between extinct and present-day carnivores--in particular, more contact between the teeth of predators and the bones of prey due to more thorough consumption of carcasses by the extinct species.  Such thorough carcass consumption implies to the researchers either that prey availability was low, at least seasonally, or that there was intense competition over kills and a high rate of carcass theft due to relatively high predator densities.


文章的七经八脉：
一个最近的研究提供了在Pleistocene时期捕猎者与被捕者的动态关系----比较了现在的动物和以前的动物的牙齿毁坏程度----从前的动物更严重----驳斥了三个偏见----提出作者自己认为最合理的解释。
这篇文章总体的难度不大，主旨比较明确，第一段介绍，第二段议论，属于比较典型的GMAT文章。
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以上是原文和原来的文章框架，想要讨论的有以下：
1、文章结构。
glhelr原来是说第二段是驳斥了三个偏见，并提出了作者自己认为最合理的解释，本人认为不妥，有以下evidence.
来看这三个bias：
(1)......, the researchers dismissed demographic bias because.....
(2)They rejected preservational bias because... 很显然，they在这里指代的是第一个bias中的主语the researchers;
(3)They ruled out local bias because...很显然，they在这里指代的和第二个bias是一样的，是第一个bias中的主语the researchers;
那么最后文章纳入考虑的是什么explanation呢？
原文："The explanation they consider most plausible is behavioral differences between extinct and present..." 这里explanation是被"they" take into consideration的，这个they指代的，很明显也是第一个bias中的主语the researchers。
所以文章结构中，glhelr所述驳斥了三个偏见，并提出作者自己认为最合理的解释，我认为应该是列出了研究学者们排除的三个可能性，而将一个比较有可能的作为对文章中的founding的explanation。


2、该文章的类型。
glhelr原来是说：“第一段介绍，第二段讨论”，我个人认为言下之意是说这篇文章是议论文。但是通读全文，其实并没有议论文的特征。
什么是议论文？定义：议论文是对某个问题或者某件事进行分析、评论并发表自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种问题。三要素分别是：作者的论点，支持论点的论据，以及围绕论点，提出论据而进行的论证过程。
反观这篇文章，全篇仅仅是在介绍一个研究发现，并且阐述了researchers对这个发现的原因，并没有设计任何作者自己的论点，也没有支持论点的论据，更没有一个论证的过程。所以这篇是一篇说明文。
说明文的定义也一起附上：说明文是通过解释概念来说明事物的特征、本质及其规律，一般介绍事物的特征、形状、构造，解释事物的原理、含义、特点、演变经过等。


以上看法，欢迎大家讨论~~~

clover033

practice #2- essay #1-Question #2With which of the following generalizations regarding management structures would the author of the passage most probably agree?
(A)  Hierarchical management structures are the most efficient management structures possible in a modern context.
(B)   Firms that routinely have a high volume of business transactions find it necessary to adopt hierarchical management structures.
(C)  Hierarchical management structures cannot be successfully implemented without modern communications and transportation.
(D)  Modern multinational firms with a relatively small volume of business transactions usually do not have hierarchically organized management structures.
(E)   Companies that adopt hierarchical management structures usually do so in order to facilitate expansion into foreign trade.
选项分析：
(A)    在现代的环境下，等级制的管理结构式最有效率的管理结构。作者在文中提到了等级管理结构，并说明了这是现代的管理结构，但是没有证明这样的管理结构是最有效率的。
(B)    Correct. 对于通常都有大量的商业交易的公司来说采用等级制管理结构是必要的。这个选项定位在“Increases in the volume of transactions in such firms are commonly believed to have necessitated this structural change.”作者在接下来的行文中没有反驳这句话。
(C)    等级管理结构不能成功的应用在非现代的交流和运输中。找到原文中“The large volume of transactions associated with these activities seems to have necessitated hierarchical management structures well before the advent of modern communications and transportation.”这句话。可以证明作者认为不一定要在非现代的交流和运输中才能应用等级管理结构。但是这和选项内容也没有关系。选项是把上述内容反过来，文中没有提到过反过来的情况是否成立。
(D)    交易量相对小的现代多国公司通常没有等级管理结构。作者没有提到交易量小的现代多国贸易公司是否用等级管理结构。
(E)    采用等级管理结构的公司这么做是为了更容易的扩张到对外贸易。文中没有提到这个目的。不能引用外部知识。

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以上是原来阅读笔记V1.2中的选项分析，对B和C两个选项分析有不同看法，如下：
B选项：原作者说，B选项正确是定位在第一段的"Increases in the volume of transactions in such firms are commonly believed to have necessitated this structural change."这句话，并且因为后来作者也没有反驳这句话，所以该选项正确。我想是否可以定位在第二段的" The large volume of transactions associated with these activities seems to have necessitated hierarchical management structures well before the advent of modern communications and transportation.” 因为第二段其实是作者的观点陈述段落，可以更加正确的表现作者的观点，而如果单纯地定位在第一段的这句话——第一段是一个阐述旧观点的段落，找到这样一句话并不能代表作者的观点，而且很有可能会漏掉后来的信息——所以我个人倾向于将这种author' opinion的题目直接定位到作者的观点段落，而不是定位到旧观点的段落。
C选项：原作者翻译说这句话的意思是"等级管理结构不能成功的应用在非现代的交流和运输中." 呃，我表示不是这样的吧， Hierarchical management structures cannot be successfully implemented without modern communications and transportation."without modern communications and transportation"应该翻译成：没有了现代的交通运输。所以整句直译应该是：没有了现代的交通运输，等级管理结构就不可能被成功地运用。这样理解的话，错误的原因应该还是定位回原文中第二段句子"The large volume of transactions associated with these activities seems to have necessitated hierarchical management structures well before the advent of modern communications and transportation." 可以说明，其实早在现代的交通运输出现之前，因为大量的交易的需要就已经运用了等级管理结构，所以C选项说的没有现代的交通运输等级管理结构就不能被成功地运用，是不对的。

以上是一点看法，欢迎讨论~

raylu1987

汇报问题：Test1 Essay5里面，
Question 15:
The passage is primarily concerned with
(A)identifying points of agreement between two groups
(B)advocating one approach to social reform over  another
(C)contrasting two approaches to solving a political problem
(D)arguing that the views espoused by one political group were more radical than those espoused by another group
(E)criticizing historians for overlooking similarities between the views espoused by two superficially dissimilar groups


对于D的解释，“(D)    说明一个政治组织所信奉的观点比另一个组织的更加激进。同C，更没有说过哪个更加激进些。”

其实是有说谁更radical的，见第2行："Bourgeois" feminism, so called by its more radical opponents, emphasized "individualist" feminist goals such as access to education, career opportunities, and legal equality.

说明 "Socialist" feminists是更加激进的。

raylu1987

Prep07 T2 E15
51T
(A)It permitted the foreman to take initiative .

选项分析：
(A)它阻止了领班的首创精神。定位在“What these claims failed to recognize was that the actual delegation of authority was to the foreman, not the workers.”。由此可见，这个系统是给予领班权力的，阻止的是工人。

Permitted not prohibited.
The foreman's initiative is not relevant here.